基于NGSIM轨迹数据的车辆行驶速度特性分析
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摘要
行驶速度是驾驶人状态、车辆性能、道路环境及外部环境等因素共同作用的结果,也是上述复杂因素的外在表现,因此,对行驶速度进行微观特性分析具有重要意义。以NGSIM轨迹数据为研究对象,研究汽车在不同车道、位置、车头间距情况下的速度特性变化,并利用多项式曲线对不同情况下的速度曲线进行拟合。结果表明:随着车头间距的增大,平均车速增加趋势变缓;车头间距较小时,最内侧车道的车辆行驶速度最低,平均车速随车头间距的增加而增加;出入口对主路上车辆的行驶速度有一定影响;多项式曲线对自由流状态下的车辆行驶速度有较好的拟合效果。
Driving speed is the result of the interaction of driver's state,vehicle performance,road and external environment which is also the external manifestation of the above complex factors.Therefore,it is of great significance to analyze the microscopic characteristics of the traveling speed.This paper takes NGSIM trajectory data as the research object to study the speed characteristics of the car under different lanes,positions and head spacings,and the polynomial curve is used to fit the speed curve under different conditions.The result shows that vehicles in the inner lane have the lowest speed when the headway spacing is small,and the average speed increases with the increase of headway spacing.With the increase of headway,the trend of average speed increases slowly.The entrance and exit will have a certain effect on the speed of the vehicle on the main road.When the vehicle runs in free flow state,the polynomial curve has a better fitting effect on the running speed.
Driving speed is the result of the interaction of driver's state,vehicle performance,road and external environment which is also the external manifestation of the above complex factors.Therefore,it is of great significance to analyze the microscopic characteristics of the traveling speed.This paper takes NGSIM trajectory data as the research object to study the speed characteristics of the car under different lanes,positions and head spacings,and the polynomial curve is used to fit the speed curve under different conditions.The result shows that vehicles in the inner lane have the lowest speed when the headway spacing is small,and the average speed increases with the increase of headway spacing.With the increase of headway,the trend of average speed increases slowly.The entrance and exit will have a certain effect on the speed of the vehicle on the main road.When the vehicle runs in free flow state,the polynomial curve has a better fitting effect on the running speed.
引文
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[2] SOLOMON D.Accidents on Main Rural Highways Related to Speed[J].1964.
[3]BERG L,LARSEN L,GLAD A,et al.Observed vehicle speed and drivers’perceived speed of others.[J].Applied Psychology,2010,46(3):287-302.
[4] SUMMALA H,RAJALIN S,RADUN I.Risky driving and recorded driving offences:A 24-year follow-up study[J].Accid Anal Prev,2014,73:27-33.
[5] TSENG C M.Operating styles,working time and daily driving distance in relation to a taxi driver’s speeding offenses in Taiwan[J].Accident Analysis and Prevention,2013,52:1-8.
[6] ELLIOTT M A,LEE E,ROBERTSON J S,et al.Evidence that attitude accessibility augments the relationship between speeding attitudes and speeding behavior:A test of the MODE model in the context of driving.[J].Accid Anal Prev,2015,74:49-59.
[7] WHO.Global Status Report On Road Safety 2015[J].Inj Prev,2015,15(4):286.
[8] ALLABY P,HELLINGA B,BULLOCK M.Variable Speed Limits:Safety and Operational Impacts of a Candidate Control Strategy for Freeway Applications[J].IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems,2007,8(4):671-680.
[9]唐琤琤.限速、车速与安全[J].公路交通科技,2005,22(3):97-100.
[10]张开冉,李国芳.限速条件下驾驶员行车速度选择问题研究[J].公路交通科技,2003,20(5):75-77.
[11]CHENG Yuan-Chin.Application and Evaluation of Rumble Strips on Highways[M].Washington D.C.:ITE,1994.
[12]欧居尚.机动车超速行驶的认定方法与对策研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2006.
[13]贺玉龙,孙小端.公路速度限制与速度控制技术[M].北京:人民交通出版社,2011.
[14]钟小明,张世文,贾嘉,等.速度管理技术研究[J].中国公路学报,2010(S2):99-104.
[15]陈虎.双向四车道高速公路超速状况研究[D].北京:北京工业大学,2010.
[16]杨京帅.基于结构方程模型的超速行为分析[J].西南交通大学学报,2015,50(1):183-188.
[17]周翔,翁剑成,邵长桥,等.基于双流模型的城市交通状况宏观评价方法[J].北京工业大学学报,2008,34(2):167-172.