电接触烧结增强NiCr-Cr_3C_2涂层的显微组织和摩擦磨损行为研究
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摘要
目的在等离子喷涂的基础上,采用电接触烧结技术制备具有良好摩擦学性能的Ni Cr-Cr_3C_2涂层。方法采用等离子喷涂工艺将NiCr-Cr_3C_2涂层预置到GH4169合金试件表面,再经过电接触烧结工艺制备增强涂层。利用OM、SEM、XRD及EDS研究耐磨层的物相、显微组织及化学组成特征,并采用球盘式摩擦磨损试验机对涂层的摩擦学行为进行评价。结果通过电接触烧结过程中的瞬时热效应,促进了NiCr-Cr_3C_2等离子喷涂层界面的塑性变形及热扩散,使涂层的孔隙率由5%降到2%,结合强度由46MPa提升到210 MPa。在400℃和600℃时,摩擦表面可形成完整的摩擦层,共晶氟化物组分使涂层摩擦系数由室温至400℃条件下的0.8降低到600℃条件下的0.45。涂层在600℃条件下表现出氧化磨损的特征。结论电接触烧结工艺能实现等离子喷涂Ni Cr-Cr_3C_2涂层的性能增强,获得较高结合强度、较低孔隙率和摩擦系数,在600℃条件下表现出较好的摩擦磨损性能。
The work aims to prepare NiCr-Cr_3C_2 coating with good tribological properties by electro-contact sintering on the basis of plasma spraying. The reinforced NiCr-Cr_3C_2 coating was deposited by electro-contact sintering after prefabricated on GH4169 alloy by plasma spraying. The phases, structure and interface of NiCr-Cr_3C_2 coating were analyzed by OM, SEM, XRD and EDS. Tribological properties of the coating were evaluated by ball-disk rotating friction and wear tester. The instantaneous heating of electro-contact sintering promoted the plastic deformation and heat diffusion of NiCr-Cr_3C_2 coating deposited and decreased the porosity from 5% to 2% and increased the adhesion strength from 46 MPa to 210 MPa. A complete friction layer was formed on the friction surface of coating at 400 ℃ and 600 ℃. The coefficient of friction decreased from 0.8 at 400 ℃ to0.45 at 600 ℃ due to the components of eutectic fluoride. The coating appeared oxidative wear at 600 ℃. Electro-contact sintering can enhance the properties of NiCr-Cr_3C_2 coating such as higher bonding strength, lower porosity and friction coefficient.The coating exhibits better friction and wear behaviors at 600 ℃.
The work aims to prepare NiCr-Cr_3C_2 coating with good tribological properties by electro-contact sintering on the basis of plasma spraying. The reinforced NiCr-Cr_3C_2 coating was deposited by electro-contact sintering after prefabricated on GH4169 alloy by plasma spraying. The phases, structure and interface of NiCr-Cr_3C_2 coating were analyzed by OM, SEM, XRD and EDS. Tribological properties of the coating were evaluated by ball-disk rotating friction and wear tester. The instantaneous heating of electro-contact sintering promoted the plastic deformation and heat diffusion of NiCr-Cr_3C_2 coating deposited and decreased the porosity from 5% to 2% and increased the adhesion strength from 46 MPa to 210 MPa. A complete friction layer was formed on the friction surface of coating at 400 ℃ and 600 ℃. The coefficient of friction decreased from 0.8 at 400 ℃ to0.45 at 600 ℃ due to the components of eutectic fluoride. The coating appeared oxidative wear at 600 ℃. Electro-contact sintering can enhance the properties of NiCr-Cr_3C_2 coating such as higher bonding strength, lower porosity and friction coefficient.The coating exhibits better friction and wear behaviors at 600 ℃.
引文
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[2]LIN Li,LI Guo-lu,WANG Hai-dou,et al.Structure and wear behavior of NiCr-Cr3C2 coatings sprayed by supersonic plasma spraying and high velocity oxy-fuel technologies[J].Applied surface science,2015,356:383-390.
[3]BUZDUGAN R,MURARIU A,PERIANU I,et al.Abrasive wear resistance of HVOF thermal sprayed WC-CrC-Ni coatings[J].Welding and material testing,2016,4:19-22.
[4]郭德伦,韩野,张媛.航空发动机的发展对制造技术的需求[J].航空制造技术,2015(22):68-72.GUO De-lun,HAN Ye,ZHANG Yuan.Demand of aeroengine development for manufacturing technology[J].Aeronautical manufacturing technology,2015(22):68-72.
[5]NORIO Yumiba.Trend of thermal spray industry and applications[J].Thermal spray technology,2010,2(3):7-13.
[6]陈礼顺,张斌,蔡元钢.热喷涂涂层在航空发动机上的应用及发展[J].航空制造技术,2011(11):34-37.CHEN Li-shun,ZHANG Bin,CAI Yuan-gang.Application and development of thermal spray coating in aeroengine[J].Aeronautical manufacturing technology,2011(11):34-37.
[7]MATIKAINEN V,BOLELLI G,KOIVULUOTO H,et al.Sliding wear behaviour of HVOF and HVAF sprayed Cr3C2-based coatings[J].Wear,2017(388/389):57-71.
[8]WANG De,XIE Yu-jiang,YANG Yan-hong,et al.Influence of Cr addition on microstructure of vacuum brazed Ni Cr-Cr3C2 composite coatings[J].Materials characterization,2016,115:46-54.
[9]DING Chun-hua,YANG Zhi-mao,ZHANG Hong-tao,et al.Microstructure and tensile strength of PM304 composite[J].Composites part A:Applied science and manufacturing,2007,38(2):348-352.
[10]JANKA Leo,BERGER Lutz-Michael,NORPOTH Jonas,et al.Improving the high temperature abrasion resistance of thermally sprayed Cr3C2-NiCr coatings by WC addition[J].Surface&coatings technology,2018,337:296-305.
[11]刘笑笑,任先京,章德铭,等.刷式密封转子涂层材料研究[J].热喷涂技术,2011,3(4):49-52.LIU Xiao-xiao,REN Xian-jing,ZHANG De-ming,et al.Research of the coating material on brush seal rotor surface[J].Thermal spray technology,2011,3(4):49-52.
[12]ZHANG Ai-jun,HAN Jie-sheng,SU Bo,et al.A novel CoCrFeNi high entropy alloy matrix self-lubricating composite[J].Journal of alloys and compounds,2017725:700-710.
[13]DELLACORTE C,EDMONDS B.High temperature solid lubricant coating for high temperature wear applications:United States of America,8753417[P].2014-06-17.
[14]张永振,贾利晓.材料干滑动摩擦磨损性能的研究进展[J].润滑与密封,2010,35(9):1-7.ZHANG Yong-zhen,JIA Li-xiao.Research development of frictional wear characteristic of materials under dry sliding[J].Lubrication Engineering,2010,35(9):1-7.
[15]王兰,王树奇,李新星,等.TC4合金干滑动磨损性能的研究[J].摩擦学学报,2015,35(5):629-634.WANG Lan,WANG Shu-qi,LI Xin-xing,et al.Dry sliding wear performance of TC4 alloy[J].Tribology,2015,35(5):629-634.
[16]马文林,陆龙,郭鸿儒,等.Fe-Mo-石墨和Fe-Mo-Ni-石墨的高温摩擦磨损行为[J].摩擦学学报,2013,33(5):475-480.MA Wen-lin,LU Long,GUO Hong-ru,et al.Tribological behavior of Fe-Mo-Graphite and Fe-Mo-Ni-Graphite composites at elevated temperature[J].Tribology,2013,33(5):475-480.
[17]刘二勇,贾均红,高义民,等.宽温域连续润滑材料的研究进展[J].中国表面工程,2015,28(4):1-12.LIU Er-yong,JIA Jun-hong,GAO Yi-min,et al.Progress of continuous lubricating materials over a wide temperature range[J].China surface engineering,2015,28(4):1-12.
[18]李建亮.宽温域固体润滑材料及涂层的高温摩擦学特性研究[D].南京:南京理工大学,2009.LI Jian-liang.Study on tribological properties of novel solid lubricating material and coatings at elevated temperatures[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Science and Technology,2009.