分体式冷板冷藏车设计及温度场分析
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摘要
目的研究冷板冷藏汽车各关键参数的确定方法,以及冷板布置情况对保冷效果的影响。方法设计一种分体式冷板冷藏汽车,并确定车厢结构、充冷方式、冷板尺寸及制冷机组功率。利用有限体积法分析比较预冷阶段不同冷板布置形式对车厢内温度场的影响。结果经过预冷30 min后,采用顶置加侧置冷板的方式时车厢中心位置温度为2.9℃,采用顶置冷板方式时车厢中心温度为10.1℃。结论采用分体式充冷方式提高了整车质量的利用系数,且各参数确定方法及温度场分析方法可为冷板冷藏汽车的设计提供一定依据。
The work aims to study the method of determining the key parameters of cold plate refrigerated truck and the influence of cold plate layout on the cooling effect. A split cold plate refrigerated truck was designed. The structure of the carriage, the cooling mode, the size of the cold plate and the power of the refrigerating unit were determined. The finite volume method was used to analyze and compare the influence of different cold plate layouts at the pre-cooling state on the temperature field inside the carriage. After 30 min pre-cooling, the center position temperature of the carriage was 2.9 ℃ if the cold plate was placed at the top and side. The center temperature of the carriage was 10.1 ℃ if the cold plate was placed on the top. The quality utilization coefficient of the truck is improved by the split type cooling mode. The method of determining the parameters and the analysis method of temperature field can provide some basis for the design of cold plate refrigerated truck.
The work aims to study the method of determining the key parameters of cold plate refrigerated truck and the influence of cold plate layout on the cooling effect. A split cold plate refrigerated truck was designed. The structure of the carriage, the cooling mode, the size of the cold plate and the power of the refrigerating unit were determined. The finite volume method was used to analyze and compare the influence of different cold plate layouts at the pre-cooling state on the temperature field inside the carriage. After 30 min pre-cooling, the center position temperature of the carriage was 2.9 ℃ if the cold plate was placed at the top and side. The center temperature of the carriage was 10.1 ℃ if the cold plate was placed on the top. The quality utilization coefficient of the truck is improved by the split type cooling mode. The method of determining the parameters and the analysis method of temperature field can provide some basis for the design of cold plate refrigerated truck.
引文
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[14]赵义平,阎家建,陈丁猛,等.复配无卤阻燃聚氨酯泡沫塑料的制备与表征[J].功能材料,2013,16(5):697-699.ZHAO Yi-ping,YAN Jia-jian,CHEN Ding-meng,et al.Preparation and Characterization of Compound Halogen-free Flame Retardant Polyurethane Foams[J].Journal of Functional Materials,2013,16(5):697-699.
[15]刘翠娜,张双喜,周恒勤,等.便携式蓄冷保温箱结构优化[J].吉林化工学院学报,2011,28(1):29-33.LIU Cui-na,ZHANG Shuang-xi,ZHOU Heng-qin,et al.Structure Optimization of Portable Cold Storage Incubator[J].Journal of Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology,2011,28(1):29-33.
[16]王奕明,蔡敏.冷板冷藏车运行热负荷的分析与研究[J].铁道车辆,2004,42(4):4-7.WANG Yi-ming,CAI Min.Effect of the Integral Stiffness and Damping of the Track on the Dynamics Performance of the Vehicle System[J].Science and Technology Innovation Herald,2004,42(4):4-7.
[17]LU S,LIU J,LIN G,et al.Modified Scaled Boundary Finite Element Analysis of 3D Steady-state Heat Conduction in Anisotropic Layered Media[J].International Journal of Heat&Mass Transfer,2017,108(1):2462-2471.
[18]赵春江,韩佳伟,杨信廷,等.基于CFD的冷藏车车厢内部温度场空间分布数值模拟[J].农业机械学报,2013,16(11):168-173.ZHAO Chun-jiang,HAN Jia-wei,YANG Xin-ting,et al.Numerical Simulation of Temperature Field Distribution in Refrigerated Truck Based on CFD[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,16(11):168-173.
[2]刘保政,汪定伟.冷链物品的优化储存策略[J].东北大学学报(自然科学版),2011,32(2):302-304.LIU Bao-zheng,WANG Ding-wei.Optimal Decision on Cold-chain Storage of Goods[J].Journal of Northeastern University(Natural Science),2011,32(2):302-304.
[3]佟金,王亚辉,樊雪梅,等.生鲜农产品冷链物流状态监控信息系统[J].吉林大学学报(工学版),2013,43(6):1707-1711.TONG Jin,WANG Ya-hui,FAN Xue-mei,et al.Monitoring System of Cold Chain Logistics for Farm Fresh Produce[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition),2013,43(6):1707-1711.
[4]杨珍花,赖平仲,汤洋,等.冷藏车多车型混合配送调度优化[J].系统工程,2015,33(10):28-36.YANG Zhen-hua,LAI Ping-zhong,SHANG Yang,et al.Mix Distribution Dispatch Optimization by Multi-type Refrigerated Trucks[J].Systems Engineering,2015,33(10):28-36.
[5]汪磊,谢晶.计算流体力学技术在食品冷藏链中的应用[J].包装工程,2017,38(9):118-123.WANG Lei,XIE Jing.Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics Technology in Food Cold Chain[J].Packaging Engineering,2017,38(9):118-123.
[6]徐笑锋,章学来,王建军.不同环境温度下蓄冷式冷藏车温度场的模拟研究[J].低温与超导,2018,46(2):65-69.XU Xiao-feng,ZHANG Xue-lai,WANG Jian-jun.Simulation Study on Temperature Field of Cool Storage Refrigerated Truck under Different Ambient Temperature[J].Cryogenics&Superconductivity,2018,46(2):65-69.
[7]邸倩倩,王亚会,刘斌,等.风速对冷藏车内温度分布的影响[J].食品科技,2017,30(5):46-51.DI Qian-qian,WANG Ya-hui,LIU Bin,et al.The Influence of Wind Speed on the Temperature Distribution in the Refrigerator Car[J].Food Science and Technology,2017,30(5):46-51.
[8]任俊生,李爱民.蓄冷板冷藏车的特点与制冷量计算[J].专用汽车,2010,10(8):47-49.REN Jun-sheng,LI Ai-min.Characteristics of Cool Storage Plate Refrigerated Truck and Calculation of Cooling Capacity[J].Special Car,2010,10(8):47-49.
[9]周丽,刘佳霓,刘杨.堆码方式对冷板冷藏车内运输过程中温度分布的影响[J].武汉商业服务学院学报,2011,25(2):90-93.ZHOU Li,LIU Jia-ni,LIU Yang.Influence of Stacking Mode on Temperature Distribution in Cold Plate Refrigerator Car during Transportation[J].Journal of Wuhan Commercial Service College,2011,25(2):90-93.
[10]张哲,郭永刚,田津津,等.冷板冷藏汽车箱体内温度场的数值模拟及试验[J].农业工程学报,2013,29(S1):18-24.ZHANG Zhe,GUO Yong-gang,TIAN Jin-jin,et al.Numerical Simulation and Experiment of Temperature Field Distribution in Box of Cold Plate Refrigerated Truck[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering,2013,29(S1):18-24.
[11]谢如鹤,唐海洋,陶文博,等.基于空载温度场模拟与试验的冷藏车冷板布置方式优选[J].农业工程学报,2017,33(24):290-298.XIE Ru-he,TANG Hai-yang,TAO Wen-bo,et al.Optimization of Cold-plate Location in Refrigerated Vehicles Based Simulation and Test of No-load Temperature Field[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural,2017,33(24):290-298.
[12]谢如鹤,唐海洋,陶文博,等.基于冷冻肉的冷板冷藏车的数值模拟研究[J].冷藏技术,2017,40(2):23-26.XIE Ru-he,TANG Hai-yang,TAO Wen-bo,et al.Numerical Simulation of Cold Plate Refrigerated Vehicle Based on Frozen Meat[J].Journal of Refrigeration Technology,2017,40(2):23-26.
[13]黄荣鹏,李晓燕,苗馨月,等.PCM蓄冷板式冷藏车温度场数值模拟研究[J].冷藏技术,2018,41(1):23-26.HUANG Rong-peng,LI Xiao-yan,MIAO Xin-yue,et al.Numerical Study on the Temperature Field of Refrigerated Vehicles with PCM Cold-storage Plates[J].Science and Technology Innovation Herald,2018,41(1):23-26.
[14]赵义平,阎家建,陈丁猛,等.复配无卤阻燃聚氨酯泡沫塑料的制备与表征[J].功能材料,2013,16(5):697-699.ZHAO Yi-ping,YAN Jia-jian,CHEN Ding-meng,et al.Preparation and Characterization of Compound Halogen-free Flame Retardant Polyurethane Foams[J].Journal of Functional Materials,2013,16(5):697-699.
[15]刘翠娜,张双喜,周恒勤,等.便携式蓄冷保温箱结构优化[J].吉林化工学院学报,2011,28(1):29-33.LIU Cui-na,ZHANG Shuang-xi,ZHOU Heng-qin,et al.Structure Optimization of Portable Cold Storage Incubator[J].Journal of Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology,2011,28(1):29-33.
[16]王奕明,蔡敏.冷板冷藏车运行热负荷的分析与研究[J].铁道车辆,2004,42(4):4-7.WANG Yi-ming,CAI Min.Effect of the Integral Stiffness and Damping of the Track on the Dynamics Performance of the Vehicle System[J].Science and Technology Innovation Herald,2004,42(4):4-7.
[17]LU S,LIU J,LIN G,et al.Modified Scaled Boundary Finite Element Analysis of 3D Steady-state Heat Conduction in Anisotropic Layered Media[J].International Journal of Heat&Mass Transfer,2017,108(1):2462-2471.
[18]赵春江,韩佳伟,杨信廷,等.基于CFD的冷藏车车厢内部温度场空间分布数值模拟[J].农业机械学报,2013,16(11):168-173.ZHAO Chun-jiang,HAN Jia-wei,YANG Xin-ting,et al.Numerical Simulation of Temperature Field Distribution in Refrigerated Truck Based on CFD[J].Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery,2013,16(11):168-173.