体育建筑非空调区照明与间歇运行对分层空调负荷影响的分析
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摘要
传统分层空调负荷计算方法的辐射热转移负荷仅考虑非空调区高温壁面对空调区低温壁面辐射引起的负荷,并未考虑非空调区照明设备与空调区之间的辐射热转移负荷,而将非空调区照明得热形成的负荷全数作为非空调区空气得热。为研究非空调区照明设备与空调区之间的辐射热转移后对热转移负荷的影响,以某体育中心比赛大厅为研究对象,在现行大空间分层空调负荷计算方法的基础上,将非空调区照明负荷假想成比赛区非空调区上空一均匀面热源,假定照明灯具均带不透明的灯罩,并近似认为不影响室内气流流动。根据面热源辐射散热比例,通过计算该面热源与空调区地板之间的辐射量并附加一定的修正系数(取1.3)得到空调区辐射热转移量。同时,考虑到体育馆经常为间歇性运行工况,为研究间歇性运行工况与连续性运行工况之间的差别,对研究对象进行了相关调查研究,假想设定了一些通常存在的间歇性工况并基于间歇运行工况进行了照明辐射散热对负荷的影响。研究非空调区照明向空调区转移的辐射热转移负荷发现:在非空调区,与不考虑照明辐射散热相比,考虑非空调区照明总散热中辐射散热占比为50%时,间歇运行对流和辐射总热转移负荷增加了8.8%;考虑照明总散热中辐射散热占比为0%~100%时,间歇运行对流和辐射总热转移负荷增加了0.0%~19.0%。通过分析体育建筑运行及其空调负荷构成特点,提出了针对体育馆间歇运行特征的分层空调负荷计算方法。由论文设定的间歇运行工况计算得出间歇运行负荷是连续运行的92.3%。同时,还得到间歇运行时重型建筑分层空调负荷是轻型建筑的93.3%等结论。
The radiation heat transfer load by the traditional air conditioning load calculation method only takes into account that the load caused by the low temperature wall radiation from the high temperature wall in the non-air conditioning area. The radiation heat transfer load between the non-air conditioning area with lamps and lanterns and the air conditioning area with air conditioning system is not considered. The whole amount of heat loss caused by lamps and lanterns is only considered the convection.In order to study the effect of radiation heat transfer load caused by lamps and lanterns on the heat whole transfer load,this paper studies the competition hall in a sports center. The lamps and lanterns of the non-air conditioning area is assumed to be a uniform surface heat source over the non-air conditioning area in the competition area on the basis of conventional method of stratified air conditioning. It is assumed that all the lamps and lanterns are covered with opaque lampshades,and the opaque lampshades is not considered to affect the indoor air flow. According to the radiative heat dissipation ratio of the surface heat source,the radiation heat transfer load of the air conditioning area is obtained by calculating the radiation between the surface heat source and the floor of the air conditioning area and adding a certain correction factor. At the same time,taking into account that the competition hall is often in the intermittent operation condition,in order to research the load difference between the intermittent operation condition and continuous operation condition,the paper has carried on the relevant investigation and research to the research object and set some intermittent operation mode. And also the effect of radiation heat transfer load of lamps and lanterns on the load is carried out based on the intermittent operating modes. It can be obtained that,if heat dissipation by radiation accounts for 50% of the total heat dissipation,the whole transfer load of intermittent operation mode would be 8. 8% greater than the value w hen the ratio of heat dissipation by radiation is zero; if the ratio of heat dissipation by radiation changes from 0% to 100%,the whole transfer load of intermittent operation mode would increase by 0. 0% to 19. 0%. According to the calculation results,the characteristics of the load composition and operation mode of stratified air conditioning in the sports building can be analyzed. A specific load calculation method is proposed for sports building when the operation mode is intermittent. It can be seen from the calculation results that the load of intermittent operation mode was 92. 3% of the load of continuous operation mode. Also,the stratified air conditioning load of the heavy construction was 93. 3% of the load of the light construction.
The radiation heat transfer load by the traditional air conditioning load calculation method only takes into account that the load caused by the low temperature wall radiation from the high temperature wall in the non-air conditioning area. The radiation heat transfer load between the non-air conditioning area with lamps and lanterns and the air conditioning area with air conditioning system is not considered. The whole amount of heat loss caused by lamps and lanterns is only considered the convection.In order to study the effect of radiation heat transfer load caused by lamps and lanterns on the heat whole transfer load,this paper studies the competition hall in a sports center. The lamps and lanterns of the non-air conditioning area is assumed to be a uniform surface heat source over the non-air conditioning area in the competition area on the basis of conventional method of stratified air conditioning. It is assumed that all the lamps and lanterns are covered with opaque lampshades,and the opaque lampshades is not considered to affect the indoor air flow. According to the radiative heat dissipation ratio of the surface heat source,the radiation heat transfer load of the air conditioning area is obtained by calculating the radiation between the surface heat source and the floor of the air conditioning area and adding a certain correction factor. At the same time,taking into account that the competition hall is often in the intermittent operation condition,in order to research the load difference between the intermittent operation condition and continuous operation condition,the paper has carried on the relevant investigation and research to the research object and set some intermittent operation mode. And also the effect of radiation heat transfer load of lamps and lanterns on the load is carried out based on the intermittent operating modes. It can be obtained that,if heat dissipation by radiation accounts for 50% of the total heat dissipation,the whole transfer load of intermittent operation mode would be 8. 8% greater than the value w hen the ratio of heat dissipation by radiation is zero; if the ratio of heat dissipation by radiation changes from 0% to 100%,the whole transfer load of intermittent operation mode would increase by 0. 0% to 19. 0%. According to the calculation results,the characteristics of the load composition and operation mode of stratified air conditioning in the sports building can be analyzed. A specific load calculation method is proposed for sports building when the operation mode is intermittent. It can be seen from the calculation results that the load of intermittent operation mode was 92. 3% of the load of continuous operation mode. Also,the stratified air conditioning load of the heavy construction was 93. 3% of the load of the light construction.
引文
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[2]吴照,黄晨,王丽慧.大空间分层空调热转移负荷特性分析[J].制冷空调与电力机械,2008,29(5):5-8.
[3]黄晨,张会娟,白天宇.基于分区建模的大空间分层空调随分层高度变化的研究[J].能源研究与信息,2015,31(2):69-87.
[4]林真国,付祥钊,张素云.论由照明引起的空调负荷计算[C]//全国暖通空调制冷2000年学术年会论文集,2000:796-799.
[5]GB50189—2005,公共建筑节能设计标准[S].
[6]DB34/1467—2011,安徽省公共建筑节能设计标准[S].
[7]JGJ 31—2003,体育建筑设计规范[S].
[8]中国建筑学会建筑电气分会.电气节能与太阳能应用技术[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2009:179-182.
[9]范存养.大空间建筑空调设计及工程实录[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001:13-15.
[10]陆耀庆.实用供热空调设计手册[M].第2版.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2008:1716-1733.
[11]黄翔.空调工程[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006:50-55.
[12]杨世铭,陶文栓.传热学[M].第4版.北京:高等教育出版社,2006:398-399.