围护结构冷负荷快速计算方法研究
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摘要
本文提出了一种围护结构冷负荷快速计算方法,即以冷负荷系数法为基础,将建筑外围护结构视为一个整体,通过计算冷负荷修正系数而得到围护结构冷负荷。文中定义冷负荷修正系数为围护结构冷负荷与外围护结构冷负荷之比,同时还提出了冷负荷修正系数的计算方法。在计算建筑围护结构部分冷负荷时,只需用建筑外围护结构部分冷负荷乘以冷负荷修正系数即可,不用特殊计算内围护结构部分的冷负荷。根据围护结构冷负荷快速计算这一方法,以Access和VBA为工具编程,制作了一个冷负荷快速计算软件。该软件省去了普通软件逐个房间计算冷负荷的复杂性,同时也避免了用冷负荷指标估算时的误差。最后依次采用冷负荷快速计算软件以及现有的常用负荷计算软件计算典型建筑的冷负荷,验证该软件的准确性和可行性。
A cooling load fast calculation of cooling load is presented, which is based on the cooling load factors method.The external building envelopes are considered as a whole and the cooling load of total building envelopes can be obtained by cooling load amending coefficient. The coefficient is defined as the ratio of the cooling load of the external building envelopes to the total building envelopes cooling load in this paper. At the same time, the calculation method of the cooling load amending coefficient is proposed. When calculating the total building cooling load, simply multiply the cooling load of external building envelopes by cooling load amending coefficient to obtain the results, thus there is no need to calculate the interior building envelopes cooling load. According to the fast calculation method, fast calculation software of cooling load is compiled by Access and VBA program, which eliminates the complexity of traditional load calculation software which calculate the load of each room one by one, while avoiding the large estimated error in the method of cooling load indicator. Finally, using the cooling load fast calculation software and the common load calculation software to calculate the cooling load of typical building. Comparing the results of two methods, the cooling load fast calculation software is proved to be accurate and feasible.
A cooling load fast calculation of cooling load is presented, which is based on the cooling load factors method.The external building envelopes are considered as a whole and the cooling load of total building envelopes can be obtained by cooling load amending coefficient. The coefficient is defined as the ratio of the cooling load of the external building envelopes to the total building envelopes cooling load in this paper. At the same time, the calculation method of the cooling load amending coefficient is proposed. When calculating the total building cooling load, simply multiply the cooling load of external building envelopes by cooling load amending coefficient to obtain the results, thus there is no need to calculate the interior building envelopes cooling load. According to the fast calculation method, fast calculation software of cooling load is compiled by Access and VBA program, which eliminates the complexity of traditional load calculation software which calculate the load of each room one by one, while avoiding the large estimated error in the method of cooling load indicator. Finally, using the cooling load fast calculation software and the common load calculation software to calculate the cooling load of typical building. Comparing the results of two methods, the cooling load fast calculation software is proved to be accurate and feasible.
引文
[1]刘艳华,刘星,王新轲,等.暖通空调节能技术[M].北京:机械工业出版社, 2015.
[2] Gang W, Wang S, Shan K, et al. Impacts of cooling load calculation uncertainties on the design optimization of building cooling systems[J]. Energy&Buildings, 2015, 94:1-9
[3] Ghiaus C. Causality issue in the heat balance method for calculating the design heating and cooling load[J]. Energy, 2013, 50(1):292-301
[4] Chen T, Cui M. A RTS-based method for direct and consistent calculating intermittent peak cooling loads[J]. Energy Conversion&Management, 2010, 51(6):1170-1178
[5]张萍.高层综合办公楼空调设计冷负荷科学速算法及能耗研究[D].重庆:重庆大学, 1999
[6]管厚林.高层办公建筑空调负荷特性分析[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学, 2003
[7]顾小松.空调负荷计算方法的比较和计算软件的开发[D].湖南:南华大学, 2003
[8]周娟.空调负荷计算新方法的应用研究[D].湖南:湖南大学,2004
[9]王朋.建筑空调动态负荷计算分析[D].上海:上海交通大学,2007
[10]李青燕.建筑能耗简化计算软件(SCBEC)的开发[D].天津:天津大学, 2012
[11]梁珍,赵加宁,路军.公共建筑能耗主要影响因素的分析[J].低温建筑技术, 2001,(3):52-54
[12]彭关中,缪小平,胡啸,等.利用De ST模拟窗户对空调系统能耗的影响[J].洁净与空调技术, 2006,(3):19-21
[13]中华人民共和国建筑部.GB 50189-2005公共建筑节能设计标准[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2005
[14]丁扬. Low-E玻璃的发展与应用[J].科技资讯,2009,22:193-194
[15]田胜元,萧日嵘.实验设计与数据处理[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 1988
[2] Gang W, Wang S, Shan K, et al. Impacts of cooling load calculation uncertainties on the design optimization of building cooling systems[J]. Energy&Buildings, 2015, 94:1-9
[3] Ghiaus C. Causality issue in the heat balance method for calculating the design heating and cooling load[J]. Energy, 2013, 50(1):292-301
[4] Chen T, Cui M. A RTS-based method for direct and consistent calculating intermittent peak cooling loads[J]. Energy Conversion&Management, 2010, 51(6):1170-1178
[5]张萍.高层综合办公楼空调设计冷负荷科学速算法及能耗研究[D].重庆:重庆大学, 1999
[6]管厚林.高层办公建筑空调负荷特性分析[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学, 2003
[7]顾小松.空调负荷计算方法的比较和计算软件的开发[D].湖南:南华大学, 2003
[8]周娟.空调负荷计算新方法的应用研究[D].湖南:湖南大学,2004
[9]王朋.建筑空调动态负荷计算分析[D].上海:上海交通大学,2007
[10]李青燕.建筑能耗简化计算软件(SCBEC)的开发[D].天津:天津大学, 2012
[11]梁珍,赵加宁,路军.公共建筑能耗主要影响因素的分析[J].低温建筑技术, 2001,(3):52-54
[12]彭关中,缪小平,胡啸,等.利用De ST模拟窗户对空调系统能耗的影响[J].洁净与空调技术, 2006,(3):19-21
[13]中华人民共和国建筑部.GB 50189-2005公共建筑节能设计标准[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 2005
[14]丁扬. Low-E玻璃的发展与应用[J].科技资讯,2009,22:193-194
[15]田胜元,萧日嵘.实验设计与数据处理[M].北京:中国建筑工业出版社, 1988