浙江古田山珍稀植物紫茎群落的组成与结构特征
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摘要
为更好地了解古田山紫茎(Stewartia sinensis)群落的基本现状,为古田山紫茎群落的动态研究和保护策略制订提供参考依据,参照中国森林生物多样性监测网(CForBio)的标准,在浙江古田山自然保护区选择3个具有代表性的固定样地,调查分析紫茎群落的基本组成及其结构特征。结果表明:1)紫茎群落中的维管植物种类有36科、59属、79种,相对较多的有蔷薇科、山茶科、樟科、杜鹃花科和壳斗科等植物;2)种子植物属一级地理区系成分共有8个类型,其中热带和温带分布分别占总属数的45.28%和54.72%;3)古田山紫茎群落主要属于常绿落叶阔叶混交林,少数属于针阔混交林,垂直结构分层较为明显,乔木层优势种主要有黄山松、短柄枹、紫茎等,灌木层优势物种主要有阔叶箬竹、映山红等,草本层主要物种有阔鳞鳞毛蕨和苔草属等,层间植物有络石、清风藤及菝葜等;4)各层次物种多样性综合表现为乔木层>草本层>灌木层;5)古田山紫茎群落整体更新良好,表现出一定的稳定性,但古田山紫茎种群更新总体上呈衰退趋势,需进一步加强保护。
The basic composition and structural feature of Stewartia sinensis community were analyzed by investigating three representative permanent sample plots in Gutian Mountain Nature Reserve,Zhejiang according to the criteria of China Forest Biodiversity Monitoring Network(CForBio)to further understand the basic status of S.sinensis community in Gutian Mountain and to provide a reference for dynamic study and protection strategy formulation of S.sinensis community in Gutian Mountain.Result:1)There are 79 vascular plant species,59 genera,36 families in S.sinensis community.Rosaceae,Theaceae,Lauraceae,Ericaceae and Fagaceae are main families.2)There are 8 types in floristic geographical elements of seed plants genera.The genera distributed in tropical zone and temperate zone account for 45.28% and 54.72% of total genera respectively.3)The S.sinensis community belongs to evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest mainly and a few belongs to coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest.The vertical structure layers are relatively obvious.The dominant species at arborous layer are Pinus taiwanensis,Quercus glandulifera and Stewartia sinensis.The main species at shrub layer are Indocalamus latifolius and Rhododendron simsii.The main species at herb layer are Dryopteris championii and Carexsp.There are Trachelospermum jasminoides,Sabia japonica var.japonicaand Smilax china between interlayers.4)The comprehensive performance of species diversity at different layers is arborous layer>herb layer>shrub layer.5)The overall performance of S.sinensis community is of the certain stability but the renewal of S.sinensis community shows a recession trend in Gutian Mountain as a whole.Therefore,the S.sinensis community should be further protected in Gutian Mountain.
The basic composition and structural feature of Stewartia sinensis community were analyzed by investigating three representative permanent sample plots in Gutian Mountain Nature Reserve,Zhejiang according to the criteria of China Forest Biodiversity Monitoring Network(CForBio)to further understand the basic status of S.sinensis community in Gutian Mountain and to provide a reference for dynamic study and protection strategy formulation of S.sinensis community in Gutian Mountain.Result:1)There are 79 vascular plant species,59 genera,36 families in S.sinensis community.Rosaceae,Theaceae,Lauraceae,Ericaceae and Fagaceae are main families.2)There are 8 types in floristic geographical elements of seed plants genera.The genera distributed in tropical zone and temperate zone account for 45.28% and 54.72% of total genera respectively.3)The S.sinensis community belongs to evergreen deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest mainly and a few belongs to coniferous broad-leaved mixed forest.The vertical structure layers are relatively obvious.The dominant species at arborous layer are Pinus taiwanensis,Quercus glandulifera and Stewartia sinensis.The main species at shrub layer are Indocalamus latifolius and Rhododendron simsii.The main species at herb layer are Dryopteris championii and Carexsp.There are Trachelospermum jasminoides,Sabia japonica var.japonicaand Smilax china between interlayers.4)The comprehensive performance of species diversity at different layers is arborous layer>herb layer>shrub layer.5)The overall performance of S.sinensis community is of the certain stability but the renewal of S.sinensis community shows a recession trend in Gutian Mountain as a whole.Therefore,the S.sinensis community should be further protected in Gutian Mountain.
引文
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[13]金毅,陈建华,米湘成,等.古田山24ha森林动态监测样地常绿阔叶林群落结构和组成动态:探讨2008年冰雪灾害的影响[J].生物多样性,2015,23(5):610-618.
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[15]叶铎,董瑞瑞,米湘成,等.古田山常绿阔叶林萌生特征及其与群落物种多样性的关系[J].生物多样性,2017,25(4):393-400.
[16]开化林业志编写组.开化林业志[M].杭州:浙江人民出版社,1988.
[17]楼炉焕,金水虎.浙江古田山自然保护区种子植物区系分析[J].北京林业大学学报,2000,25(5):33-39.
[18]于明坚,胡正华,余建平,等.浙江古田山自然保护区森林植被类型[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2001,27(4):375-380.
[19]CURTIS J T,MCINTOSH R P.An Upland Forest Continuum in the Prairie-forest Border Region of Wisconsin[J].Ecology,1951,32(3):476-496.
[20]张金屯.植被数量生态学方法[M].北京:中国科学出版社,1995.
[21]吴征镒.中国种子植物属的分布区类型[J].云南植物研究,1991,13(增刊):1-139.
[22]吴征镒,周浙昆,李德铢,等.世界种子植物科的分布区类型系统[J].云南植物研究,2003,25(3):245-257.
[23]李立,陈建华,任海保,等.古田山常绿阔叶林优势树种甜槠和木荷的空间格局分析[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(3):241-252.
[24]丁晖,杨云方,徐海根,等武夷山典型常绿阔叶林物种组成与群落结构[J].生态学报,2015,35(4):1142-1154.
[25]孙越,夏富才,赵秀海,等.张广才岭温带次生针阔混交林物种组成和群落结构特征[J].生态学报,2017,37(10):3425-3436.
[26]陈冬基,施德法.浙江省古田山自然保护区的森林植被类型[J].浙江林学院学报,1986,3(2):5-12.
[2]浙江植物志编委会.浙江植物志:第4卷[M].杭州:浙江科学技术出版社,1993.
[3]傅立国.中国植物红皮书[M].北京:科学出版社,1992.
[4]裘宝林,钟国荣.浙江紫茎属植物小志[J].云南植物研究,1988,10(1):55-59.
[5]李捷.山茶科紫茎属和舟柄茶属的系统学研究[J].植物分类学报,1996,34(1):48-67.
[6]HEO K I,LEE S,LEE C,et al.Generic delimitation and infrageneric classification of Stewartia,and Hartia,(Theaceae;Stewartieae):insight from pollen morphology[J].Plant Systematics&Evolution,2011,297(1/2):33-50.
[7]李密密.山茶科及紫茎属的系统发育和生物地理研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2011.
[8]LI J,DEL T P,YANG S,et al.Phylogenetic relationships and biogeography of Stewartia(Camellioideae,Theaceae)inferred from nuclear ribosomal DNA ITS sequences[J].Rhodora,2002,104(918):117-133.
[9]左艺芳,黄成林.观赏树种紫茎扦插繁殖的研究[J].安徽农学通报,2007,13(7):94-95.
[10]胡正华,于明坚,余建平,等.浙江古田山自然保护区紫茎林特征研究[J].中国计量学院学报,2002,13(3):36-41.
[11]马克平.森林动态大样地是生物多样性科学综合研究平台[J].生物多样性,2017,25(3):227-228.
[12]祝燕,赵谷风,张俪文,等.古田山中亚热带常绿阔叶林动态监测样地-群落组成与结构[J].植物生态学报,2008,32(2):262-273.
[13]金毅,陈建华,米湘成,等.古田山24ha森林动态监测样地常绿阔叶林群落结构和组成动态:探讨2008年冰雪灾害的影响[J].生物多样性,2015,23(5):610-618.
[14]FENG G,ZHANG J L,PEI N C,et al.Comparison of phylobetadiversity indices based on community data from Gutianshan forest plot[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,2012,57(6):623-630.
[15]叶铎,董瑞瑞,米湘成,等.古田山常绿阔叶林萌生特征及其与群落物种多样性的关系[J].生物多样性,2017,25(4):393-400.
[16]开化林业志编写组.开化林业志[M].杭州:浙江人民出版社,1988.
[17]楼炉焕,金水虎.浙江古田山自然保护区种子植物区系分析[J].北京林业大学学报,2000,25(5):33-39.
[18]于明坚,胡正华,余建平,等.浙江古田山自然保护区森林植被类型[J].浙江大学学报(农业与生命科学版),2001,27(4):375-380.
[19]CURTIS J T,MCINTOSH R P.An Upland Forest Continuum in the Prairie-forest Border Region of Wisconsin[J].Ecology,1951,32(3):476-496.
[20]张金屯.植被数量生态学方法[M].北京:中国科学出版社,1995.
[21]吴征镒.中国种子植物属的分布区类型[J].云南植物研究,1991,13(增刊):1-139.
[22]吴征镒,周浙昆,李德铢,等.世界种子植物科的分布区类型系统[J].云南植物研究,2003,25(3):245-257.
[23]李立,陈建华,任海保,等.古田山常绿阔叶林优势树种甜槠和木荷的空间格局分析[J].植物生态学报,2010,34(3):241-252.
[24]丁晖,杨云方,徐海根,等武夷山典型常绿阔叶林物种组成与群落结构[J].生态学报,2015,35(4):1142-1154.
[25]孙越,夏富才,赵秀海,等.张广才岭温带次生针阔混交林物种组成和群落结构特征[J].生态学报,2017,37(10):3425-3436.
[26]陈冬基,施德法.浙江省古田山自然保护区的森林植被类型[J].浙江林学院学报,1986,3(2):5-12.