基于混合储能技术电动汽车驱动性能研究
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摘要
纯蓄电池组汽车在起步、上坡和加速时输出功率较小;下坡及减速时电机回馈的能量不能及时回收,造成能量浪费。文章以永磁同步电机为电动机载体,提出了一种基于混合储能技术的能量管理控制策略,根据电动汽车负载实时功率、超级电容组端电压、蓄电池组荷电状态和蓄电池组最大充放电功率实时调节蓄电池组和超级电容组充放电功率的大小,在保护混合储能系统的同时,尽可能满足电动汽车在起步、上坡、加速时输出大功率,在下坡、减速时及时吸收电机回馈的能量。通过Matlab/Simulink搭建模型仿真,验证了该控制策略的可行性及实操性。
Existing pure battery vehicles have small output power when starting,uphill and accelerating,and the energy feedback by the motor during downhill and deceleration cannot be recovered in time,resulting in energy waste.In this paper,the permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)is used as the motor carrier,and an energy management control strategy based on hybrid energy storage technology is proposed.According to the real-time load power of electric vehicle,the terminal voltage of super capacitor group,the charging and discharging state of battery pack,and the maximum charging and discharging power of battery pack,the charging and discharging power of battery pack and super capacitor group can be adjusted in real time. While protecting the hybrid energy storage system,it can satisfy the high power output of the electric vehicle at the start,uphill and acceleration,and absorb the feedback energy of the motor in time during downhill and deceleration.The feasibility and practicality of the control strategy are verified by building Matlab/Simulink model.
Existing pure battery vehicles have small output power when starting,uphill and accelerating,and the energy feedback by the motor during downhill and deceleration cannot be recovered in time,resulting in energy waste.In this paper,the permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)is used as the motor carrier,and an energy management control strategy based on hybrid energy storage technology is proposed.According to the real-time load power of electric vehicle,the terminal voltage of super capacitor group,the charging and discharging state of battery pack,and the maximum charging and discharging power of battery pack,the charging and discharging power of battery pack and super capacitor group can be adjusted in real time. While protecting the hybrid energy storage system,it can satisfy the high power output of the electric vehicle at the start,uphill and acceleration,and absorb the feedback energy of the motor in time during downhill and deceleration.The feasibility and practicality of the control strategy are verified by building Matlab/Simulink model.
引文
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[19]王斌,徐俊,曹秉刚,等.采用模拟退火算法的电动汽车复合电源能量管理系统优化[J].西安交通大学学报,2015,49(8):90-96.WANG Bin,XU Jun,CAO Binggang,et al.Optimization of energy management system with simulated annealing approach for hybrid power source in electric vehicles[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University,2015,49(8):90-96.
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[21]安群涛,孙力,孙立志.新型开放式绕组永磁同步电机矢量控制系统研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(22):5891-5898.AN Quntao,SUN Li,SUN Lizhi.Research on novel openend winding permanent magnet synchronous motor vector control systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(22):5891-5898.
[2]李立理.我国电动汽车充电基础设施政策解读与展望[J].供用电,2017,34(1):2-7.LI Lili.Interpretation and prospect of China’s electric vehicle charging infrastructure policy[J].Distribution&Utilization,2017,34(1):2-7.
[3]贺春,陈卓,冯瑾涛,等.电动汽车充电安全分析与解决方案[J].供用电,2017,34(1):12-18,50.HE Chun,CHEN Zhuo,FENG Jintao.Electric vehicle charging safety analysis and solution[J].Distribution&Utilization,2017,34(1):12-18,50.
[4]邢恩辉,王培振,尚鑫波,等.电动汽车制动能量回馈技术[J].科学技术与工程,2018,18(25):116-127.XING Enhui,WANG Peizhen,SHANG Xinbo,et al.Regenerative braking technology for electric vehicle[J].Science Technology and Engineering,2018,18(25):116-127.
[5]陈赞.纯电动汽车制动能量回收控制[D].南宁:广西科技大学,2015.
[6]毛亚洲,俞孟蕻.混合储能技术在船舶电网中的应用[J].船舶科学技术,2018,40(7):96-100,105.MAO Yazhou,YU Menghong.The application of hybrid energy storage technology in the ship power grid[J].Ship Science and Technology,2018,40(7):96-100,105.
[7]张弛.现代有轨电车车载混合储能系统能量管理优化研究[D].北京:北京交通大学,2018.
[8]黄晓斌,张熊,韦统振,等.超级电容器的发展及应用现状[J].电工电能新技术,2017,36(11):63-70.HUANG Xiaobin,ZHANG Xiong,WEI Tongzhen,et al.Development and applications status of supercapacitors[J].Advanced Technology of Electrical Engineering and Energy,2017,36(11):63-70.
[9]凌志斌,黄中,田凯.大容量电池储能系统技术现状与发展[J].供用电,2018,35(9):3-8,21.LING Zhibin,HUANG Zhong,TIAN Kai.The state of art and trend of large scale battery energy storage system technology[J].Distribution&Utilization,2018,35(9):3-8,21.
[10]梅友忠.基于超级电容组辅能的电动车驱动系统研究[D].徐州:中国矿业大学.2014.
[11]肖朝霞,上官旭东,张献,等.基于风光互补独立直流微电网的电动汽车无线充电示范工程[J].供用电,2018,35(1):8-13,7.XIAO Zhaoxia,SHANGGUAN Xudong,ZHANG Xian,et al.A demonstration of wind/PV hybrid islanded DCmicrogrid for EVs wireless charging[J].Distribution&Utilization,2018,35(1):8-13,7.
[12]何国鑫,吕宏水,梁志成,等.园区集中式混合储能系统的响应控制策略[J].可再生能源,2018,36(9):1341-1347.HE Guoxin,LüHongshui,LIANG Zhicheng,et al.The response control strategy of the centralized hybrid energy storage system in smart park[J].Renewable Energy Resources,2018,36(9):1341-1347.
[13]刘宇翔,吉培荣,赵宇辉.含超级电容的新能源直流微电网系统控制策略研究[J].电力学报,2018,33(3):201-206.LIU Yuxiang,JI Peirong,ZHAO Yuhui.Research on control strategy of new energy DC micro-grid system with super capacitance[J].Journal of Electric Power,2018,33(3):201-206.
[14]邹德天,潘燕,吴贝科,等.比亚迪电力储能设备与电动汽车应用现状分析[J].供用电,2018,35(9):53-61.ZOU Detian,PAN Yan,WU Beike,et al.Application status analysis of BYD power storage equipment and electric vehicle[J].Distribution&Utilization,2018,35(9):53-61.
[15]RUAN J G,WALKER P D,WATTERSON P A,et al.The dynamic performance and economic benefit of a blended braking system in a multi-speed battery electric vehicle[J].Applied Energy,2016,183:1240-1258.
[16]肖军.纯电动汽车复合储能系统参数匹配及控制策略研究[D].重庆:重庆大学,2015.
[17]王琪,孙玉坤,罗印升.混合动力电动汽车的复合电源功率分配控制策略[J].电工技术学报,2017,32(18):143-151.WANG Qi,SUN Yukun,LUO Yinsheng.A power distribution control strategy of hybrid energy storage system in hybrid electric vehicles[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2017,32(18):143-151.
[18]周美兰,赵立萍.电动汽车复合储能系统的能量控制策略与仿真[J].哈尔滨理工大学学报,2016,21(3):8-12,18.ZHOU Meilan,ZHAO Liping.Energy management strategy design and simulation for electric vehicles compound energy storage system[J].Journal of Harbin University of Science&Technology,2016,21(3):8-12,18.
[19]王斌,徐俊,曹秉刚,等.采用模拟退火算法的电动汽车复合电源能量管理系统优化[J].西安交通大学学报,2015,49(8):90-96.WANG Bin,XU Jun,CAO Binggang,et al.Optimization of energy management system with simulated annealing approach for hybrid power source in electric vehicles[J].Journal of Xi’an Jiaotong University,2015,49(8):90-96.
[20]孙远涛,张洪田.混合动力汽车再生制动控制策略试验技术研究[J].中国公路学报,2015,28(11):134-142.SUN Yuantao,ZHANG Hongtian.Test technology study of hybrid electric vehicle Regeneration braking control strategy.China Journal of Highway and Transport,2015,28(11):134-142.
[21]安群涛,孙力,孙立志.新型开放式绕组永磁同步电机矢量控制系统研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(22):5891-5898.AN Quntao,SUN Li,SUN Lizhi.Research on novel openend winding permanent magnet synchronous motor vector control systems[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(22):5891-5898.