苎麻耐镉种质快速筛选方法研究
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摘要
苎麻是我国特色天然纤维作物,对镉有高耐、高富集作用,是镉污染土壤修复的理想植物。为了快速筛选苎麻耐镉种质,分别采用组培、水培和土培的方式对苎麻种子苗进行耐镉试验,研究分析了在不同镉浓度胁迫下苎麻种子苗的发芽率、根长及其生长状况。结果表明:通过组培筛选,至少需40 d才能出现明显的镉胁迫症状,达到筛选的目的;通过水培筛选,7～13 d就可鉴定表型,达到筛选的目的,但筛选后的苗根系生长受到抑制,移栽至土壤中存活率可能易受影响;通过土培筛选,自种子点播起30 d内便出现明显表型,达到筛选目的,且由于本就在固体介质中筛选,筛选出的种苗再移栽至土壤中也易于存活。研究表明,通过土培的方式可以快速、简便地筛选耐镉苎麻种子,有利于加快苎麻育种进程。
To fast screening out cadmium tolerant germplasm of ramie,three methods-tissue culture,hydroculture and soil culture were performed in this study. The germination rate,root length and growth of ramie seedlings under different cadmium concentrations were recorded. Using tissue culture screening,it took at least 40 days for obvious symptoms of cadmium stress in order to achieve the purpose of screening; Through hydroponic screening; phenotypes can be identified in 7-13 days to achieve the purpose of screening. However,the root growth of surviving seedlings was inhibited,which could affect the survival rate of these seedlings when they were transplanted; Through soil culture screening,obvious phenotypes appeared within 30 days after sowing,and the seedlings screened in solid medium were easy to survive after transplanting into soil. This study showed that cadmium-tolerant ramie seeds could be quickly and easily screened out by soil culture screening,which is beneficial to speed up the process of ramie breeding.
To fast screening out cadmium tolerant germplasm of ramie,three methods-tissue culture,hydroculture and soil culture were performed in this study. The germination rate,root length and growth of ramie seedlings under different cadmium concentrations were recorded. Using tissue culture screening,it took at least 40 days for obvious symptoms of cadmium stress in order to achieve the purpose of screening; Through hydroponic screening; phenotypes can be identified in 7-13 days to achieve the purpose of screening. However,the root growth of surviving seedlings was inhibited,which could affect the survival rate of these seedlings when they were transplanted; Through soil culture screening,obvious phenotypes appeared within 30 days after sowing,and the seedlings screened in solid medium were easy to survive after transplanting into soil. This study showed that cadmium-tolerant ramie seeds could be quickly and easily screened out by soil culture screening,which is beneficial to speed up the process of ramie breeding.
引文
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[11]李榜江,李萍,龙明忠,等.茶皂素作用下重金属镉对苎麻生理生长的胁迫效应[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(24):60-63.
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[13]熊和平.麻类作物育种学[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2008.
[14]孟桂元,唐婷,周静,等.不同玉米品种种子萌发期耐镉性分析[J].分子植物育种,2016,14(11):3166-3171.
[15]张欣,王华忠,王利,等.不同品种小麦幼苗耐镉差异[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(7):61-65.
[16]孟桂元,唐婷,周静,等.不同水稻品种种子萌发及根芽生长的耐镉性差异研究[J].杂交水稻,2015,30(5):65-69.
[2]Li Z,Wu L,Luo Y,et al. Changes in metal mobility assessed by EDTA kinetic extraction in three polluted soils after repeated phytoremediation using a cadmium/zinc hyperaccumulator[J]. Chemosphere,2018,194:432-440.
[3]刘智峰.生物修复技术处理镉污染综述[J].环境研究与监测,2013,26(3):52-55.
[4]孙凯,余永廷,朱涛涛,等.苎麻在镉污染土壤修复中的研究进展[J].湖南农业科学,2015(3):152-154.
[5]She W,Cui G,Jie Y,et al. Comparative effects of chelants on plant growth,cadmium uptake and accumulation in nine cultivars of Ramie(Boehmeria nivea)[J]. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica,Section B-Soil&Plant Science,2014,64(1):71-78.
[6]严理,彭源德,杨喜爱,等.苎麻对镉污染土壤功能修复的初步研究[J].湖南农业科学,2007(6):125-127.
[7]朱光旭,黄道友,朱奇宏,等.苎麻镉耐受性及其修复镉污染土壤潜力研究[J].农业现代化研究,2009,30(6):752-755.
[8]熊伟,王洪武,汤涤洛.适宜南方红壤坡耕地种植的苎麻品种筛选[J].湖北农业科学,2017,56(7):1211-1212+1215.
[9]孙凯,朱涛涛,朱爱国.苎麻耐镉品种的水培筛选[J].湖南农业科学,2016(7):21-23.
[10]李玉兰,陈坤梅,喻春明,等.镉胁迫下苎麻生理生化变化规律及品种间差异比较[J].中国麻业科学,2017,39(3):105-110.
[11]李榜江,李萍,龙明忠,等.茶皂素作用下重金属镉对苎麻生理生长的胁迫效应[J].安徽农业科学,2015,43(24):60-63.
[12]陈平,喻春明,熊和平,等.苎麻新品种中苎3号的选育[J].中国麻业科学,2017,39(1):1-6.
[13]熊和平.麻类作物育种学[M].北京:中国农业科学技术出版社,2008.
[14]孟桂元,唐婷,周静,等.不同玉米品种种子萌发期耐镉性分析[J].分子植物育种,2016,14(11):3166-3171.
[15]张欣,王华忠,王利,等.不同品种小麦幼苗耐镉差异[J].江苏农业科学,2018,46(7):61-65.
[16]孟桂元,唐婷,周静,等.不同水稻品种种子萌发及根芽生长的耐镉性差异研究[J].杂交水稻,2015,30(5):65-69.