滇藏铁路三江并流区工程地质减灾选线研究
|
摘要
研究目的:滇藏铁路三江并流区以高海拔大高差的地貌特征、软弱破碎的地层岩性、活跃的地质构造运动、高水平构造应力场等复杂的地质条件为地质背景,具有三江活跃构造集束区区域稳定性、强烈浅表生改造的斜坡稳定性、内动力地质作用围岩稳定性及热液地质作用等重大工程地质问题。在拟建滇藏铁路三江段,本文在对其工程地质环境特征和地质灾害分布发育特性等分析的基础上,从地质防灾减灾的角度,研究区段地质选线原则。研究结论:(1)滇藏铁路三江并流区因其高海拔大高差的地貌、活跃的地质构造、软弱破碎的地层岩性及复杂的水文地质等地质因素,为区段山地灾害的分布发育提供了强有力的内外动力地质作用;(2)针对三江段区域稳定性问题,铁路选线应遵循断裂带下盘展线、简易修复工程过活动构造、绕避对地震波具放大效应部位的防灾减灾原则;(3)针对内外动力地质作用下的山地灾害,铁路选线应遵循绕避为先、内移设隧、早进晚出等防灾减灾原则;(4)针对内动力地质作用围岩稳定性问题及热液地质作用问题,铁路选线应遵循或绕避或短距离快速穿越的防治减灾原则;(5)本研究结论对类似工程地质条件下的川藏、川青、滇藏等铁路和公路等线状工程地质减灾选线具有借鉴意义。
Research purposes: For the geological background of the complicated geological condition such as the geomorphic features of high altitude and high elevation difference,weak and fractured stratum lithology,active geological tectonic movement,high tectonic stress field property,three parallel rivers regions of the Yunnan-Tibet railway have the following major engineering geological problems such as the regional stability of active tectonic cluster area among Jinsha river,Lantsang and Nujiang river,the slope stability of strong shallow epigenetic reformation,the surrounding rock stability under internal dynamic geological process,and the hydrothermal geological action. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of engineering geological environment and of distribution and development of geological disasters,the principle of geological route selection was studied from the angle of geological disaster prevention and reduction in this paper.Research conclusions:( 1) Owing to the geological factors such as the geomorphology of high altitude and high elevation difference,active geological structure,weak and fractured stratum lithology,and complex hydrogeology,three parallel rivers regions of the Yunnan-Tibet railway provides strong internal and external dynamic geological action for thedistribution and development of mountain hazards.( 2) For the regional stability in the section among three parallel rivers,the railway route selection of the disaster prevention and reduction should follow the principles of the footwall route selection of fault zone,the simple repair engineering over active structure and the avoidance of the amplification for seismic waves.( 3) For the mountain disaster under the action of internal and external dynamic geology,the railway route selection should follow the principles of the avoiding disaster first,or internal shifting to set tunnel,or early entering and late exiting.( 4) For the stability of surrounding rock and the role of hydrothermal geology in the dynamic geological process,the railway route selection should follow the principles of the avoidance,or short distance to fast crossing.( 5) The research methods and conclusions were of reference significance for the route selection of the disaster prevention and reduction of railway and highway,such as Sichuan-Tibet,Sichuan-Qinghai and Yunnan-Tibet under similar engineering geological conditions.
Research purposes: For the geological background of the complicated geological condition such as the geomorphic features of high altitude and high elevation difference,weak and fractured stratum lithology,active geological tectonic movement,high tectonic stress field property,three parallel rivers regions of the Yunnan-Tibet railway have the following major engineering geological problems such as the regional stability of active tectonic cluster area among Jinsha river,Lantsang and Nujiang river,the slope stability of strong shallow epigenetic reformation,the surrounding rock stability under internal dynamic geological process,and the hydrothermal geological action. Based on the analysis of the characteristics of engineering geological environment and of distribution and development of geological disasters,the principle of geological route selection was studied from the angle of geological disaster prevention and reduction in this paper.Research conclusions:( 1) Owing to the geological factors such as the geomorphology of high altitude and high elevation difference,active geological structure,weak and fractured stratum lithology,and complex hydrogeology,three parallel rivers regions of the Yunnan-Tibet railway provides strong internal and external dynamic geological action for thedistribution and development of mountain hazards.( 2) For the regional stability in the section among three parallel rivers,the railway route selection of the disaster prevention and reduction should follow the principles of the footwall route selection of fault zone,the simple repair engineering over active structure and the avoidance of the amplification for seismic waves.( 3) For the mountain disaster under the action of internal and external dynamic geology,the railway route selection should follow the principles of the avoiding disaster first,or internal shifting to set tunnel,or early entering and late exiting.( 4) For the stability of surrounding rock and the role of hydrothermal geology in the dynamic geological process,the railway route selection should follow the principles of the avoidance,or short distance to fast crossing.( 5) The research methods and conclusions were of reference significance for the route selection of the disaster prevention and reduction of railway and highway,such as Sichuan-Tibet,Sichuan-Qinghai and Yunnan-Tibet under similar engineering geological conditions.
引文
[1]蒋忠信,崔鹏,王成华.进藏交通干线减灾选线理论原则[J].铁道工程学报,2004(2):1-6.Jiang Zhongxin, Cui Peng, Wang Chenghua.Theoretical Principles on Selection Route of Traffic Mainline Entering into Tibet for Mitigating Mountain Hazards[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2004(2):1-6.
[2]郑永泉,杨英,蒋良文.滇藏铁路工程地质的特殊性[J].铁道工程学报,2005(S1):216-220.Zheng Yongquan,Yang Ying,Jiang Liangwen. The Particularity of Engineering Geological on YunnanTibet Route in Glacier Snowfield Area[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2005(S1):216-220.
[3]卿三惠,黄润秋,杨英,等.滇藏铁路重大工程地质问题及线路走向研究[J].铁道工程学报,2007(10):6-11.Qing Sanhui, Huang Runqiu, Yang Ying, etc.Research on the Major Engineering Geological Problems and Route Strike Scheme of Yunnan-Tibet Railway[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2007(10):6-11.
[4]张永双,胡道功,蒋良文,等.滇藏铁路沿线地壳稳定性及重大工程地质问题[M].北京:地质出版社,2009.Zhang Yongshuang, Hu Daogong, Jiang Liangwen,etc. Research on the Crustal Stability and Key Engineering Geological Problems along the YunnanTibet Railway[M]. Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2009.
[5]郭长宝,雷伟志,张永双,等.滇藏铁路滇西北段主要地质灾害类型及发育规律的探讨[J].地质力学学报,2006(2):228-235.Guo Changbao,Lei Weizhi,Zhang Yongshuang,etc.Main Geohazard Types and Their Occurrence Characteristics along the Yunnan-Tibet Railway in NW Yunnan[J]. Journal of Geomechanics,2006(2):228-235.
[6]张加桂,张永双,曲永新,等.对滇藏铁路三江段工程地质问题的深化认识[J].工程地质学报,2010(5):781-789.Zhang Jiagui,Zhang Yongshuang,Qu Yongxin,etc.In-depth Discussions the Engineering Geological Problems along Sangjiang Section of Yunnan-Tibet Railway Line[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology,2010(5):781-789.
[7]朱颖,姚令凯,魏永幸,等.复杂艰险山区铁路减灾选线理论与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2016.Zhu Ying,Yao Lingkai,Wei Yongxing,etc. Theory and Technology of Railway Disaster Reduction Route Selection in Complex and Dangerous Mountainous Areas[M]. Beijing:Science Press,2016.
[8]中国地质科学院地质力学研究所.滇藏铁路沿线地壳稳定性调查评价报告[R].北京:中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,2008.Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. The Report of Investigation and Evaluation of Crustal Stability for the Yunnan-Tibet Railway[R]. Beijing:Institute of Geomechanics,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,2008.
[9]崔鹏,何思明,姚令凯,等.汶川地震山地灾害形成机理与风险调控[M].北京:科学出版社,2011.Cui Peng,He Siming,Yao Lingkai,etc. Formation Mechanism and Risk Control of Mountain Hazards in Wenchuan Earthquake[M]. Beijing:Science Press,2011.
[2]郑永泉,杨英,蒋良文.滇藏铁路工程地质的特殊性[J].铁道工程学报,2005(S1):216-220.Zheng Yongquan,Yang Ying,Jiang Liangwen. The Particularity of Engineering Geological on YunnanTibet Route in Glacier Snowfield Area[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2005(S1):216-220.
[3]卿三惠,黄润秋,杨英,等.滇藏铁路重大工程地质问题及线路走向研究[J].铁道工程学报,2007(10):6-11.Qing Sanhui, Huang Runqiu, Yang Ying, etc.Research on the Major Engineering Geological Problems and Route Strike Scheme of Yunnan-Tibet Railway[J]. Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2007(10):6-11.
[4]张永双,胡道功,蒋良文,等.滇藏铁路沿线地壳稳定性及重大工程地质问题[M].北京:地质出版社,2009.Zhang Yongshuang, Hu Daogong, Jiang Liangwen,etc. Research on the Crustal Stability and Key Engineering Geological Problems along the YunnanTibet Railway[M]. Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2009.
[5]郭长宝,雷伟志,张永双,等.滇藏铁路滇西北段主要地质灾害类型及发育规律的探讨[J].地质力学学报,2006(2):228-235.Guo Changbao,Lei Weizhi,Zhang Yongshuang,etc.Main Geohazard Types and Their Occurrence Characteristics along the Yunnan-Tibet Railway in NW Yunnan[J]. Journal of Geomechanics,2006(2):228-235.
[6]张加桂,张永双,曲永新,等.对滇藏铁路三江段工程地质问题的深化认识[J].工程地质学报,2010(5):781-789.Zhang Jiagui,Zhang Yongshuang,Qu Yongxin,etc.In-depth Discussions the Engineering Geological Problems along Sangjiang Section of Yunnan-Tibet Railway Line[J]. Journal of Engineering Geology,2010(5):781-789.
[7]朱颖,姚令凯,魏永幸,等.复杂艰险山区铁路减灾选线理论与技术[M].北京:科学出版社,2016.Zhu Ying,Yao Lingkai,Wei Yongxing,etc. Theory and Technology of Railway Disaster Reduction Route Selection in Complex and Dangerous Mountainous Areas[M]. Beijing:Science Press,2016.
[8]中国地质科学院地质力学研究所.滇藏铁路沿线地壳稳定性调查评价报告[R].北京:中国地质科学院地质力学研究所,2008.Institute of Geomechanics, Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences. The Report of Investigation and Evaluation of Crustal Stability for the Yunnan-Tibet Railway[R]. Beijing:Institute of Geomechanics,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,2008.
[9]崔鹏,何思明,姚令凯,等.汶川地震山地灾害形成机理与风险调控[M].北京:科学出版社,2011.Cui Peng,He Siming,Yao Lingkai,etc. Formation Mechanism and Risk Control of Mountain Hazards in Wenchuan Earthquake[M]. Beijing:Science Press,2011.