5.28吉林松原地震液化特征初步分析
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摘要
2018年5月28日松原市宁江区发生M_w5.2级地震,场地效应突出,尤以液化最为显著。本文通过调查研究,指出了该次地震液化特点。分析表明:该次地震是历史上具有显著液化现象的震级最低的一次地震,发现液化场地超过200个,最大喷砂喷水砂坑直径3 m,坑深超过2 m;Ⅶ度烈度区液化场地地下水位接近7 m,超出常规认识;Ⅵ度烈度区分布10余个液化场地,喷砂冒水明显;扶余-肇东断裂、第二松花江断裂附近液化带分布明显,液化场地分布北-东方向分布明显;与地震烈度图长轴方向大体一致,液化场地条带状分布明显,以南北向分布突出。本次地震液化的特殊现象,丰富了认识,为未来规范修订和深入研究提供了线索。
The M_w5.2 earthquake occurred in Ningjiang District of Songyuan City on May 28, 2018, along prominent site effect, especially liquefaction. Through field investigation, statistics and analysis, the characteristics of the earthquake liquefaction are pointed out. In this paper the analysis indicates that this is the lowest magnitude earthquake with significant liquefaction phenomena in history. It is found that there are more than 200 liquefied sites, the maximum sand blasting pit diameter is 3 m, and the pit depth is more than 2 m. The groundwater level of liquefied sites is close to 7 m in the Ⅶ intensity region, which is beyond the conventional knowledge. More than 10 liquefied sites are distributed in the VI intensity region, and have obvious sandblasting. The liquefaction zones are obviously distributed near the Fuyu-Zhaodong fault and the second Songhuajiang fault, and the distribution of liquefaction sites is obvious in the north-east direction. The special phenomena of liquefaction in this earthquake have enriched our understanding and provided clues for future revision and in-depth study of the code.
The M_w5.2 earthquake occurred in Ningjiang District of Songyuan City on May 28, 2018, along prominent site effect, especially liquefaction. Through field investigation, statistics and analysis, the characteristics of the earthquake liquefaction are pointed out. In this paper the analysis indicates that this is the lowest magnitude earthquake with significant liquefaction phenomena in history. It is found that there are more than 200 liquefied sites, the maximum sand blasting pit diameter is 3 m, and the pit depth is more than 2 m. The groundwater level of liquefied sites is close to 7 m in the Ⅶ intensity region, which is beyond the conventional knowledge. More than 10 liquefied sites are distributed in the VI intensity region, and have obvious sandblasting. The liquefaction zones are obviously distributed near the Fuyu-Zhaodong fault and the second Songhuajiang fault, and the distribution of liquefaction sites is obvious in the north-east direction. The special phenomena of liquefaction in this earthquake have enriched our understanding and provided clues for future revision and in-depth study of the code.
引文
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[2] 张克绪,谢君斐.土动力学[M].北京:地震出版社,1980.ZHANG Kexu,XIE Junfei.Soil dynamics[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1980.(in Chinese)
[3] 陈运泰,刘瑞丰.地震的震级[J].地震地磁观测与研究,2004(6):1-12.CHEN Yuntai,LIU Ruifeng.Earthquake magnitude[J].Seismological and Geomagnetic Observation and Research,2004(6):1-12.(in Chinese)
[4] 傅承义,陈运泰,祁贵仲.地球物理学基础[M].北京:科学出版社,1985.FU Chengyi,CHEN Yuntai,QI Guizhong.Geophysics basics[M].Beijing:Science Press,1985.(in Chinese)
[5] Gutenberg B.Amplitudes of surface waves and magnitudes of shallow earthquakes[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,1945,35:3-12.
[6] Chinnery M A,North R G.The frequency of very large earthquake[J].Science,1975,190:1197-1198.
[7] Kanamori H.The energy release in great earthquakes[J].J Geophys Res,1977,82:2981-2987.
[8] Hanks T C,Kanamori H.A moment magnitude scale[J].J Geophys Res,1979,84(B5):2348-2350.
[9] USGS.New USGS earthquake magnitude policy[M].MCEER Information Service News,2002.
[10] Boulanger R W,Idriss I M.Magnitude scaling factors in liquefaction triggering procedures[J].Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering,2015,79:296-303.
[11] Rodgers A J,Pitarka A,Petersson N A,et al.Broadband (0-4HZ) ground motions for a magnitude 7.0 hayward fault earthquake with three-dimensional structure and topography[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2018,45(2):739-747.
[12] 俞言祥.长周期地震动衰减关系研究[D].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,2002.YU Yanxiang.Study on attenuation relationships of long period ground motions[D].Beijing:Institute of Geophysics,China Earthquake Administration,2002.(in Chinese)
[13] Idriss I M,Boulanger R W.CPT and SPT based liquefaction triggering procedures[R].Report No.UCD/CGM-14/01,Dept.Civil & Environ.Eng.,UC Davis,2014.
[14] Moss R E.CPT-BASED probabilistic assessment of seismic soil liquefaction initiation[D].University of California,Berkeley,2003.
[15] 王维铭.场地液化特征研究及液化影响因素评价[D].哈尔滨:中国地震局工程力学研究所,2013.WANG Weiming.Study on liquefaction characteristics and liquefaction-influencing factors assessment[D].Harbin:Institute of Engineering Mechanics,China Earthquake Administration,2013.(in Chinese)
[16] GB50011-2001建筑抗震设计规范[S].北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.GB50011-2001 Code for Seismic Design of Buildings[S].Beijing:China Architecture and Building Press,2001.(in Chinese)
[17] 谢君斐.关于修改抗震规范砂土液化判别式的几点意见[J].地震工程与工程振动,1984,4(2):95-126.XIE Junfei.Some comments on the formula for estimating the liquefaction of sand in revised a seismic design code[J].Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Dynamics,1984,4(2):95-126.(in Chinese)
[18] 袁晓铭,王海,曹振中,等.汶川地震砾性土液化场地特征解析[J].地球物理学报,2017,60(7):2733-2743.YUAN Xiaoming,WANG Hai,CAO Zhenzhong,et al.Interpretation to characteristics of gravelly soils sites that liquefild in Wenchuan earthquake[J].Chinese Journal of Geophysics,2017,60(7):2733-2743.(in Chinese)