常温低基质下两种厌氧氨氧化反应器启动特性比较
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摘要
采用ASBR与生物滤池两种反应器,接种城市污水厂二沉池污泥,以人工配制的低氨氮废水(NH_4~+-N≤30 mg/L、NO_2~--N≤40 mg/L)为进水,维持进水pH值在7. 5～7. 8之间,考察了在常温(20～26℃)、低基质浓度条件下两种反应器的启动特性。结果表明,ASBR反应器在第135天启动成功,生物滤池在第114天启动成功;经过约200 d的运行,ASBR和生物滤池的总氮容积去除负荷分别达到0. 147和0. 570 kgN/(m~3·d)。由此可见,ASBR与生物滤池均可在常温、低基质的条件下成功启动,而生物滤池历时更短,且可通过缩短HRT的方式快速提高总氮容积去除负荷,实现厌氧氨氧化菌的富集,因此生物滤池较ASBR更适合厌氧氨氧化的启动。
ASBR and biofilter were used to investigate the start-up characteristics of anaerobic ammonium oxidation( Anammox) at room temperature of 20-26 ℃ and low substrate concentration. The two reactors were inoculated with the sludge from the secondary sedimentation tank of municipal sewage treatment plant. When the influent ammonia nitrogen,nitrite nitrogen and p H value was control ≤30 mg/L,≤40 mg/L and 7. 5-7. 8 respectively,ASBR and the biofilter were successfully started in 135 days and 114 days,respectively. After more than 200 days' operation,the total nitrogen removal volume load of ASBR and the biofilter reached to 0. 147 kgN/( m~3·d) and 0. 570 kgN/( m~3·d) respectively,which meant that both reactors could start successfully at room temperature and low substrate concentration. It was found that the biofilter started faster than the ASBR and could increase the total nitrogen removal volume load rapidly by shortening the HRT. Therefore,the biofilter is more suitable for the start-up of the Anammox than the ASBR.
ASBR and biofilter were used to investigate the start-up characteristics of anaerobic ammonium oxidation( Anammox) at room temperature of 20-26 ℃ and low substrate concentration. The two reactors were inoculated with the sludge from the secondary sedimentation tank of municipal sewage treatment plant. When the influent ammonia nitrogen,nitrite nitrogen and p H value was control ≤30 mg/L,≤40 mg/L and 7. 5-7. 8 respectively,ASBR and the biofilter were successfully started in 135 days and 114 days,respectively. After more than 200 days' operation,the total nitrogen removal volume load of ASBR and the biofilter reached to 0. 147 kgN/( m~3·d) and 0. 570 kgN/( m~3·d) respectively,which meant that both reactors could start successfully at room temperature and low substrate concentration. It was found that the biofilter started faster than the ASBR and could increase the total nitrogen removal volume load rapidly by shortening the HRT. Therefore,the biofilter is more suitable for the start-up of the Anammox than the ASBR.
引文
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[19]Strous M,Heijnen J J,Kuenen J G,et al.The sequencing batch reactor as a powerful tool for the study of slowly growing anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing microorganisms[J].Appl Microbiol Biotechnol,1998,50(5):589-596.
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[21]周安兴,方芳,杨吉祥,等.低基质厌氧氨氧化SBBR反应器启动研究[J].工业水处理,2015,35(1):44-47.Zhou Anxing,Fang Fang,Yang Jixiang,et al.Start-up of anammox under low substrate condition by using a sequencing batch biofilm reactor(SBBR)[J].Industrial Water Treatment,2015,35(1):44-47(in Chinese).
[2]李芸,李军,蔡辉,等.晚期垃圾渗滤液厌氧氨氧化脱氮及其抑制动力学[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(5):1409-1416.Li Yun,Li jun,Cai Hui,et al.Nitrogen removal and inhibition kinetics of ANAMMOX reactor fed with the mature landfill leachate[J].China Environmental Science,2016,36(5):1409-1416(in Chinese).
[3]万莉,邹义龙,弓晓峰,等.电增强零价铁强化厌氧氨氧化处理高氮养猪废水[J].环境科学研究,2015,28(8):1302-1310.Wan Li,Zou Yilong,Gong Xiaofeng,et al.Electrical field and zero-valent iron-enhanced anaerobic ammonium oxidation for the treatment of high-nitrogen swine wastewater[J].Research of Environmental Sciences,2015,28(8):1302-1310(in Chinese).
[4]陈婷婷,唐崇俭,郑平.制药废水厌氧氨氧化脱氮性能与毒性机理的研究[J].中国环境科学,2010,30(4):504-509.Chen Tingting,Tang Chongjian,Zheng Ping.Nitrogen removal performance of anammox process and toxic mechanism of pharmaceutical wastewater[J].China Environmental Science,2010,30(4):504-509(in Chinese).
[5]薛占强,李玉平,李海波,等.短程硝化/厌氧氨氧化/全程硝化工艺处理焦化废水[J].中国给水排水,2011,27(1):15-19.Xue Zhanqiang,Li Yuping,Li Haibo,et al.Shortcut nitrification/anaerobic ammonium oxidation/complete nitrification process for treatment of coking wastewater[J].China Water&Wastewater,2011,27(1):15-19(in Chinese).
[6]徐斌,周少奇,秦玉洁,等.高负荷厌氧氨氧化UASB的二次启动和运行效果[J].中国给水排水,2013,29(21):28-32.Xu Bin,Zhou Shaoqi,Qin Yujie,et al.Second start-up and operation of high load ANAMMOX UASB reactor[J].China Water&Wastewater,2013,29(21):28-32(in Chinese).
[7]方芳,鲍振国,陈猷鹏,等.盐度条件下UASB厌氧氨氧化反应器启动与运行研究[J].工业水处理,2013,33(12):15-20.Fang Fang,Bao Zhenguo,Chen Youpeng,et al.Start-up and operation of the Anammox process under salinity conditions in UASB reactor[J].Industrial Water Treatment,2013,33(12):15-20(in Chinese).
[8]郑铁强.MBR厌氧氨氧化工艺处理高氨氮低碳氮比废水研究[D].沈阳:沈阳建筑大学,2014.Zheng Tieqiang.Study on MBR Ammonium Oxidation Process Treating High Ammonia Nitrogen Concentration and Low C/N Ratio Wastewater[D].Shenyang:Shenyang Jianzhu University,2014(in Chinese).
[9]李宁宁,于德爽,李津,等.城市污水条件下ASBR厌氧氨氧化的启动与脱氮性能[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(5):1689-1694.Li Ningning,Yu Deshuang,Li Jin,et al.Start up of anaerobic ammonium oxidation process and nitrogen removal performance in anaerobic sequencing batch reactor for municipal sewage[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2013,7(5):1689-1694(in Chinese).
[10]鲍林林,赵建国,李晓凯,等.常温低基质厌氧氨氧化反应器启动及其稳定性[J].环境工程学报,2013,7(3):981-986.Bao Linlin,Zhao Jianguo,Li Xiaokai,et al.Start-up and stability of anammox bioreactor at normal temperature and low substrate concentration[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2013,7(3):981-986(in Chinese).
[11]Chamchoi N,Nitisoravut S.Anammox enrichment from different conventional sludges[J].Chemosphere,2007,66(11):2225-2232.
[12]宋成康,王亚宜,韩海成,等.温度降低对厌氧氨氧化脱氮效能及污泥胞外聚合物的影响[J].中国环境科学,2016,36(7):2006-2013.Song Chengkang,Wang Yayi,Han Haicheng,et al.Effect of decreasing temperature on the performance and extracellular polymer substance of anaerobic ammonia oxidation sludge[J].China Environmental Science,2016,36(7):2006-2013(in Chinese).
[13]李祥,黄勇,郑宇慧,等.温度对厌氧氨氧化反应器脱氮效能稳定性的影响[J].环境科学,2012,33(4):1288-1292.Li Xiang,Huang Yong,Zheng Yuhui,et al.Effect of temperature on stability of nitrogen removal in the ANAMMOX reactor[J].Environmental Science,2012,33(4):1288-1292(in Chinese).
[14]Wang T,Zhang H,Gao D,et al.Comparison between MBR and SBR on Anammox start-up process from the conventional activated sludge[J].Bioresour Technol,2012,122:78-82.
[15]张永辉,彭永臻,曾立云,等.常温低基质厌氧氨氧化ASBR反应器的快速启动[J].工业水处理,2017,37(2):43-47.Zhang Yonghui,Peng Yongzhen,Zeng Liyun,et al.Quick start-up of low-substrate Anammox ASBR reactor at normal temperature[J].Industrial Water Treatment,2017,37(2):43-47(in Chinese).
[16]Tsushima I,Ogasawara Y,Kindaichi T,et al.Development of high-rate anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing(anammox)biofilm reactors[J].Water Res,2007,41(8):1623-1634.
[17]徐庆云.厌氧氨氧化细菌的富集培养及其影响因素的试验研究[D].苏州:苏州科技学院,2007.Xu Qingyun.An Experimental Study on Enrichment and Cultivation of Anammox Microorganisms and Its Influeneing Factor[D].Suzhou:Suzhou University of Science and Technology,2007(in Chinese).
[18]刘守勇,傅金祥,张羽,等.常温下缺氧氨氧化生物滤池启动试验研究[J].中国给水排水,2012,28(17):124-128.Liu Shouyong,Fu Jinxiang,Zhang Yu,et al.Start-up of ANAMMOX biofilter at room temperature[J].China Water&Wastewater,2012,28(17):124-128(in Chinese).
[19]Strous M,Heijnen J J,Kuenen J G,et al.The sequencing batch reactor as a powerful tool for the study of slowly growing anaerobic ammonium-oxidizing microorganisms[J].Appl Microbiol Biotechnol,1998,50(5):589-596.
[20]刘雪娇,田智勇,杨宏,等.厌氧氨氧化(ANAMMOX)生物滤池反应器的启动特性[J].环境工程学报,2012,6(12):4299-4304.Liu Xuejiao,Tian Zhiyong,Yang Hong,et al.Start-up characteristics of anaerobic ammonia oxidation(ANAMMOX)biological filter reactor[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering,2012,6(12):4299-4304(in Chinese).
[21]周安兴,方芳,杨吉祥,等.低基质厌氧氨氧化SBBR反应器启动研究[J].工业水处理,2015,35(1):44-47.Zhou Anxing,Fang Fang,Yang Jixiang,et al.Start-up of anammox under low substrate condition by using a sequencing batch biofilm reactor(SBBR)[J].Industrial Water Treatment,2015,35(1):44-47(in Chinese).