随钻井间电位动态测量技术及其应用
|
摘要
随钻井间电位动态测量技术是一种新型的井间电阻率测量技术,其是在综合研究国内外井间地震、井间电法测量技术的基础上而提出的。该方法通过录取钻井过程中由钻杆长度变化而引起的在钻井周围各测点的动态电位数据,并结合录井时-深数据,反演得到在钻井周围各测点的纵向电阻率曲线。在对各测点纵向电阻率曲线进行横向对比后,可解决复杂断块油气田的储层连通性评价、岩性界面识别、断层界面识别等生产实际问题。现场应用14井次,在不同方向的新老井处、断层、岩性变化带等区域共实施191个测试点。通过随钻测试电阻率曲线与新老井处的标准测井中的视电阻率曲线对比,1.5 m以上砂岩储层吻合率达到95.8%、断点吻合率达到98%、储层岩性边界识别吻合率达到100%,从而证明了随钻井间电位动态测量技术的可行性。
This paper introduces a new-developed interwell monitoring technique which is able to measure the electrical potential variation dynamically during drilling.This method is proposed based on the knowledge of crosswell seismology and interwell electrical potential measuring techniques.Its purpose is to obtain resistivity curves during drilling by measuring the dynamic electrical potential variation around the borehole induced by the drilling process and time-depth information from well-logging data.After comparing the resistivity curve of each measuring point,it is able to evaluate the reservoir connectivity of oil and gas field with complex fault blocks,identify lithology and fault plane boundary,etc.This method has been used in 14 real cases with totally 191 measuring points under different conditions,for example,the ones including different orientations,fault planes,and lithology variations.Compared with the resistivity curves obtained by traditional well-logging,the ones obtained by this method show that the consistency rate reaches 95.8%for permeable sandstone reservoirs with 1.5m thickness or more;98% for breaking points;100% for detecting lithology of reservoir boundaries.This paper gives the principle of interwell electrical potential measurement during drilling,on-site measuring methods.
This paper introduces a new-developed interwell monitoring technique which is able to measure the electrical potential variation dynamically during drilling.This method is proposed based on the knowledge of crosswell seismology and interwell electrical potential measuring techniques.Its purpose is to obtain resistivity curves during drilling by measuring the dynamic electrical potential variation around the borehole induced by the drilling process and time-depth information from well-logging data.After comparing the resistivity curve of each measuring point,it is able to evaluate the reservoir connectivity of oil and gas field with complex fault blocks,identify lithology and fault plane boundary,etc.This method has been used in 14 real cases with totally 191 measuring points under different conditions,for example,the ones including different orientations,fault planes,and lithology variations.Compared with the resistivity curves obtained by traditional well-logging,the ones obtained by this method show that the consistency rate reaches 95.8%for permeable sandstone reservoirs with 1.5m thickness or more;98% for breaking points;100% for detecting lithology of reservoir boundaries.This paper gives the principle of interwell electrical potential measurement during drilling,on-site measuring methods.
引文
[1]崔先文,何展翔,刘雪军,等.频谱激电法在大港油田的应用[J].石油地球物理勘探,2004,39(增刊1):101-105.Cui Xianwen,He Zhanxiang,Liu Xuejun,et al.Application of spectrum IP method in Dagang oilfield[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2004,39(S1):101-105.
[2]刘海飞,陈德鹏,戴前伟,等.连续电性介质线源井-地电位三维有限元数值模拟[J].桂林理工大学学报,2011,31(1):28-38.Liu Haifei,Chen Depeng,Dai Qianwei,et al.3D FEM modeling of borehole-surface potential with line current source in semi-underground space of continuous variation of conductivity[J].Journal of Guilin University of Technology,2011,31(1):28-38.
[3]周峰,潘和平,吴国平,等.井中激电地-井方式井旁球体正反演[J].物探与化探,2008,32(3):321-325.Zhou Feng,Pan Heping,Wu Guoping,et al.Forward and inversion of sphere beside well in the method of ground-well induced polarization[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2008,32(3):321-325.
[4]张天伦,张伯林,聂荔.用地—井工作方式的三极梯度法寻找小块油气藏[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(4):520-531.Zhang Tianlun,Zhang Bolin,Nie Li.Small reservoir discovery using ground-borehole trieiectrode gradient method[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1997,32(4):520-531.
[5]张天伦,聂荔,张伯林.用三极梯度法确定复合型油气藏各单层的边界位置[J].西南石油学院学报,1997,19(1):14-19.Zhang Tianlun,Nie Li,Zhang Bolin.The determination of singlelayer boundary location of complexhydrocarbon reservoirs by trielectrode gradient method[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute,1997,19(1):14-19.
[6]Power D V,Schuster C L,Hay R,et al.Detection of hydraulic fracture orientation and dimensions in cased wells[R].SPE5626,1976.
[7]Bartel L C,Mccann R P,Keck L J.Use of potential gradients in massive hydraulic fracture mapping and characterization[R].SPE6090,1976.
[8]丁庆年,张金成.动态法监测注水井注水推进方位的测试方法:中国,CN1052776C[P].2000-05-24.Ding Qingnian,Zhang Jincheng.Dynamic method for monitoring and testing water-injection advanced direction of water-injection well:China,CN1052776C[P].2000-05-24.
[9]赵立文,常栋霞.电位法井间测试技术在稠油蒸汽驱中的应用——以辽河油区小洼油田为例[J].特种油气藏,2005,12(5):46-48.Zhao Liwen,Chang Dongxia.Application of interwell testing by electric potential in heavy oil steam drive:a case study of Xiaowa oilfield in heavy oil steam drive[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2005,12(5):46-48.
[10]张金成.电位法视纯异常井间监测技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2011.Zhang Jincheng.Electric potential anomaly used for interwell monitoring[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2011.
[11]何裕盛,夏万芳.充电法[M].北京:地质出版社,1978.He Yusheng,Xia Wanfang.Electrical charge method[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1978.
[12]何裕盛.地下动态导体的充电法探测[M].北京:地质出版社,2001.He Yusheng.Electrical charge method for subsurface dynamic conductor prospecting[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2001.
[13]江汉石油学院测井教研室.测井资料解释[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1981.Well Logging Department,Jianghan Petroleum Institute.Well logging interpretation[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1981.
[14]Keck L J,Seavey R W.Instrumentation system for massive hydraulic fracture mapping[R].Sand-77-0195,Albuquerque,NM:Sandia Labs,1977.
[15]刘延平,王爱国,王小剑,等.能加载伪随机编码的可控信号发射仪:中国,CN201714377U[P].2011-01-19.Liu Yanping,Wang Aiguo,Wang Xiaojian,et al.Controllable signal emitter capable of being loaded with pseudorandom code:China,CN201714377U[P].2011-01-19.
[16]张金成,刘延平,王爱国,等.能加载伪随机编码的可控信号接收仪:中国,CN101799557B[P].2012-07-18.Zhang Jincheng,Liu Yanping,Wang Aiguo,et al.Controllable signal receiver capable of loading pseudo random code:China,CN101799557B[P].2012-07-18.
[2]刘海飞,陈德鹏,戴前伟,等.连续电性介质线源井-地电位三维有限元数值模拟[J].桂林理工大学学报,2011,31(1):28-38.Liu Haifei,Chen Depeng,Dai Qianwei,et al.3D FEM modeling of borehole-surface potential with line current source in semi-underground space of continuous variation of conductivity[J].Journal of Guilin University of Technology,2011,31(1):28-38.
[3]周峰,潘和平,吴国平,等.井中激电地-井方式井旁球体正反演[J].物探与化探,2008,32(3):321-325.Zhou Feng,Pan Heping,Wu Guoping,et al.Forward and inversion of sphere beside well in the method of ground-well induced polarization[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2008,32(3):321-325.
[4]张天伦,张伯林,聂荔.用地—井工作方式的三极梯度法寻找小块油气藏[J].石油地球物理勘探,1997,32(4):520-531.Zhang Tianlun,Zhang Bolin,Nie Li.Small reservoir discovery using ground-borehole trieiectrode gradient method[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,1997,32(4):520-531.
[5]张天伦,聂荔,张伯林.用三极梯度法确定复合型油气藏各单层的边界位置[J].西南石油学院学报,1997,19(1):14-19.Zhang Tianlun,Nie Li,Zhang Bolin.The determination of singlelayer boundary location of complexhydrocarbon reservoirs by trielectrode gradient method[J].Journal of Southwest Petroleum Institute,1997,19(1):14-19.
[6]Power D V,Schuster C L,Hay R,et al.Detection of hydraulic fracture orientation and dimensions in cased wells[R].SPE5626,1976.
[7]Bartel L C,Mccann R P,Keck L J.Use of potential gradients in massive hydraulic fracture mapping and characterization[R].SPE6090,1976.
[8]丁庆年,张金成.动态法监测注水井注水推进方位的测试方法:中国,CN1052776C[P].2000-05-24.Ding Qingnian,Zhang Jincheng.Dynamic method for monitoring and testing water-injection advanced direction of water-injection well:China,CN1052776C[P].2000-05-24.
[9]赵立文,常栋霞.电位法井间测试技术在稠油蒸汽驱中的应用——以辽河油区小洼油田为例[J].特种油气藏,2005,12(5):46-48.Zhao Liwen,Chang Dongxia.Application of interwell testing by electric potential in heavy oil steam drive:a case study of Xiaowa oilfield in heavy oil steam drive[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2005,12(5):46-48.
[10]张金成.电位法视纯异常井间监测技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2011.Zhang Jincheng.Electric potential anomaly used for interwell monitoring[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,2011.
[11]何裕盛,夏万芳.充电法[M].北京:地质出版社,1978.He Yusheng,Xia Wanfang.Electrical charge method[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,1978.
[12]何裕盛.地下动态导体的充电法探测[M].北京:地质出版社,2001.He Yusheng.Electrical charge method for subsurface dynamic conductor prospecting[M].Beijing:Geological Publishing House,2001.
[13]江汉石油学院测井教研室.测井资料解释[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1981.Well Logging Department,Jianghan Petroleum Institute.Well logging interpretation[M].Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press,1981.
[14]Keck L J,Seavey R W.Instrumentation system for massive hydraulic fracture mapping[R].Sand-77-0195,Albuquerque,NM:Sandia Labs,1977.
[15]刘延平,王爱国,王小剑,等.能加载伪随机编码的可控信号发射仪:中国,CN201714377U[P].2011-01-19.Liu Yanping,Wang Aiguo,Wang Xiaojian,et al.Controllable signal emitter capable of being loaded with pseudorandom code:China,CN201714377U[P].2011-01-19.
[16]张金成,刘延平,王爱国,等.能加载伪随机编码的可控信号接收仪:中国,CN101799557B[P].2012-07-18.Zhang Jincheng,Liu Yanping,Wang Aiguo,et al.Controllable signal receiver capable of loading pseudo random code:China,CN101799557B[P].2012-07-18.