新型双电源转换开关直流速动电磁机构的设计与优化
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摘要
双电源转换开关对于保证重要场合正常供电的持续性至关重要,新型双电源转换开关依赖电磁机构带动触头系统替代断路器进行切换。基于新型双电源转换开关的工作原理,深入分析电磁机构的反力特性,研究直流速动电磁机构的设计方法,计算结构参数,完成初步设计。利用多软件联合方式建立了电磁机构的静态和动态仿真模型,进行了静态和动态特性分析;研究对电磁机构性能影响较大的关键因素,确定优化变量、目标函数和约束条件,采用遗传算法对电磁机构的结构参数进行了优化设计。最后,研制电磁机构样机,设计电磁吸力测试实验系统,通过静态吸力及整机测试验证了设计结果的正确性。
Automatic transfer switching equipment( ATSE) is a kind of apparatus to ensure the continuous power supply on important occasions. The new type of ATSE relies on electromagnetic mechanism by contact system to realize transformation instead of circuit breaker. Based on work principle of ATSE,the reaction force characteristics of electromagnetic mechanism were analyzed deeply. The design method of DC electromagnetic mechanism with rapid action was studied and the structure parameters were calculated. The preliminary design was completed. The simulation models of the static and dynamic characteristics were established by multi software combined mode. The characteristics were analyzed in detail. The key factors,which have greater influence on the performance of the electromagnetic mechanism,were researched. The optimization variables,the objective functions and the constraint conditions were determined. The structure was optimized by genetic algorithm method. At last,the prototype of the electromagnetic mechanism was developed and the static electromagnetic force tester was designed. Feasibility of the design was proved by the static electromagnetic force data and the whole test result.
Automatic transfer switching equipment( ATSE) is a kind of apparatus to ensure the continuous power supply on important occasions. The new type of ATSE relies on electromagnetic mechanism by contact system to realize transformation instead of circuit breaker. Based on work principle of ATSE,the reaction force characteristics of electromagnetic mechanism were analyzed deeply. The design method of DC electromagnetic mechanism with rapid action was studied and the structure parameters were calculated. The preliminary design was completed. The simulation models of the static and dynamic characteristics were established by multi software combined mode. The characteristics were analyzed in detail. The key factors,which have greater influence on the performance of the electromagnetic mechanism,were researched. The optimization variables,the objective functions and the constraint conditions were determined. The structure was optimized by genetic algorithm method. At last,the prototype of the electromagnetic mechanism was developed and the static electromagnetic force tester was designed. Feasibility of the design was proved by the static electromagnetic force data and the whole test result.
引文
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[21]GAO Yuanfa,SUN Yan,ZHENG W J.Genetic algorithm for optimizing the layout of logistics park based on shortest path and elitist strategy[J].Journal of Information and Computational Science,2015,12(10):3765.
[22]朱霄珣,徐搏超,焦宏超,等.遗传算法对SVR风速预测模型的多参数优化[J].电机与控制学报,2017,21(02):70.ZHU Xiaoxun,XU Bochao,JIAO Hongchao,et al.Wind speed prediction method based on SVR and muti-parameter optimization of GA[J].Electric Machines and Control,2017,21(02):70.
[23]李松晶,王莹,鲍文.采用改进遗传算法的新型阀用电磁机构的优化设计[J].电工技术学报,2001,16(2):30.LI Songjing,WANG Ying,BAO Wen,et al.Optimal design of new type electromagnet of hydraulic valve using developed genetic algorithm[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2001,16(2):30.
[24]陈德为,张培铭.基于人工鱼群算法的智能交流接触器虚拟样机优化设计[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(2):101.CHEN Dewei,ZHANG Peiming.Virtual prototype optimal design of Intelligent AC contactors based on artificial fish-Swarm algorithm[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2011,26(2):101.
[25]武安波,王建华,耿英三,等.接触器用交流电磁铁三维磁场分析和静特性优化[J].电工技术杂志,2002,25(6):30.WU Anbo,WANG Jianhua,GENG Yingsan,et al.Contacts for AC Actuator dimensional magnetic field analysis and static characteristics optimization[J].Electrotechnical Magazine,2002,25(6):30.
[26]纽春萍,陈德桂,林娜,等.基于三维有限元分析的交流接触器电磁铁的优化设计[J].低压电器,2004,19(4):23.NIU Chunping,CHEN Degui,LIN Na,et al.Optimal design for AC contactor electromagnet based on 3-D finite elements method[J].Low Voltage Apparatus,2004,19(4):23.
[27]王其亚,翟国富,程贤科,等.基于正交试验设计的电磁继电器关键调整参数及优化方法[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(10):53.WANG Qiya,ZHAI Guofu,CHENG xianke,et al.Key adjusted parameters and optimum method of electromagnetic relay based on orthogonal experimental design[J].Transactions of China Electro-technical Society,2009,24(10):53.
[28]苏秀苹,李则臣,乔延华,等.自动转换开关电磁机构反力特性的分析方法[J].河北工业大学学报,2017,46(1):18.SU Xiuping,LI Zechen,QIAO Yanhua,et al.An analysis method of the counterforce characteristics of ATSE electromagnetic mechanism[J].Journal of Hebei University of Technology,2017,46(1):18.
[29]方鸿发.低压电器[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1988:124-127.
[2]CHOI H S,KIM D H,PARK I H,et al.A new design technique of magnetic systems using space mapping algorithm[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2001,37(5):3627.
[3]Echeveri Encica L,et al.Manifold-mapping optimization applied to linear actuator design[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,2006,42(4):1183.
[4]BANDLER J W,BIERNACKI R M,CHEN S H,et al.Space mapping technique for electromagnetic optimization[J].IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Technique,1994,42(12):2536.
[5]BANDLER J W,CHENG O S,DAKROURY S A,et al.Space mapping:the state of the art[J].IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Technique,2004,52(2):337.
[6]LI Yan,XIA Kepeng,LIU Wanzhen,et al.Design and simulation analysis of electromagnetic repulsion mechanism[J].IEEE Industrial techonlogy,2010,10(1109):914.
[7]崔芮华,贾峰,柳杰,等.交流接触器电磁机构动态仿真分析[J].微计算机信息,2006,22(7-1):286.CUI Ruihua,JIA Feng,LIU Jie,et al.Simulated analysis of the AC contactor electromagnetic mechanism’s dynamic characteristics[J].Microcomputer Information,2006,22(7-1):286.
[8]Alin-Iulian D.Optimization of DC Electromagnet using design of experiments and FEM[C].2016 International Conference on Applied and Theoretical Electricity,2016.
[9]荣命哲,娄建勇,王小华.永磁式接触器动触头动作特性仿真分析与试验研究[J].中国电机工程学报2005,25(1):109.RONG Mingzhe,LOU Jianyong,WANG Xiaohua.Simulation analysis and experimental research of operating characteristic for moving contact of contactor with permanent magnet contactor[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2005,25(1):109.
[10]李勇,崔友,陆永平.一种高速电磁制动器制动过程的动态特性分析[J].电工技术学报,2007,22(8):131.LI Yong,CUI You,LU Yongping.Dynamic characteristics of braking process for a high speed Electromagnetic brake[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2007,22(8):131.
[11]张元敏,方如举.预付费微型断路器分励脱扣器的研究[J].电工技术学报,2008,36(17):87.ZHANG Yuanmin,FANG Ruju.Research of prepayment meter miniature circuit breaker with shunt release[J].Transactions of China Electro-technical Society,2008,36(17):87.
[12]许志红,张培铭,戴小梅.智能交流接触器电磁机构动态分析[J].福州大学学报,2005,04:468-472-476.XU Zhihong,ZHANG Peiming,DAI xiaomei.Dynamic analysis of electromagnetic system of intelligent AC contactor[J].Journal of Fuzhou University,2005,04:468-472+476.
[13]许志红,张培铭.智能交流接触器动态吸合过程研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(18):108.XU Zhihong,ZHANG Peiming.Research on dynamic closing course of intelligent contactor[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(18):108.
[14]张雄清,林毅,戴涛.电磁式接触器智能控制模块设计及试验[J].电气技术,2011,2(17):44.ZHANG Xiongqing,LIN Yi,DAI Tao.The design of electromagnetic contact with intelligent control module[J].Electrical Engineering,2011,2(17):44.
[15]HE Zhaowei,WANG Shuhong.Design of the electromagnetic repulsion mechanism and the low-inductive coil used in the resistive-type superconducting fault current limiter[J].IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity,2014,24(10):1.
[16]汪倩,陈德桂,李兴文,等.一种分析多连杆永磁操动机构动态特性的方法[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,4(7):128.WANG Qian,CHEN Degui,LI Xingwen,et al.A new analytical method of dynamic characteristics of permanent magnetic actuator with multi-bar linkage[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2006,4(7):128.
[17]林莘,李永祥,马跃乾,等.高压断路器新型电机操动机构的动态特性分析[J].电机与控制学报,2009,13(2):216.LIN Xin,LI Yongxiang,MA Yueqian,et al.Dynamic characteristics analysis on novel motor actuator of high voltage circuit breaker[J].Electric Machines and Control,2009,13(2):216;
[18]KUROWSKI P.Engineering Analysis with Solid Works simulation[M].SDC publication,2013.
[19]KAWASE Y,TATSUOKA S,YAMAGUCHI T,et al.3-D finite element analysis of operating characteristics of AC electromagnetic[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,1994,30(5):3244.
[20]Kawase Y,Miyatani O,Yamaguchi T,et al.Numerical analysis of dynamic characteristics of electromagnets using 3-D finite element method with edge elements[J].IEEE Transactions on Magnetics,1994,30(5):3248.
[21]GAO Yuanfa,SUN Yan,ZHENG W J.Genetic algorithm for optimizing the layout of logistics park based on shortest path and elitist strategy[J].Journal of Information and Computational Science,2015,12(10):3765.
[22]朱霄珣,徐搏超,焦宏超,等.遗传算法对SVR风速预测模型的多参数优化[J].电机与控制学报,2017,21(02):70.ZHU Xiaoxun,XU Bochao,JIAO Hongchao,et al.Wind speed prediction method based on SVR and muti-parameter optimization of GA[J].Electric Machines and Control,2017,21(02):70.
[23]李松晶,王莹,鲍文.采用改进遗传算法的新型阀用电磁机构的优化设计[J].电工技术学报,2001,16(2):30.LI Songjing,WANG Ying,BAO Wen,et al.Optimal design of new type electromagnet of hydraulic valve using developed genetic algorithm[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2001,16(2):30.
[24]陈德为,张培铭.基于人工鱼群算法的智能交流接触器虚拟样机优化设计[J].电工技术学报,2011,26(2):101.CHEN Dewei,ZHANG Peiming.Virtual prototype optimal design of Intelligent AC contactors based on artificial fish-Swarm algorithm[J].Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society,2011,26(2):101.
[25]武安波,王建华,耿英三,等.接触器用交流电磁铁三维磁场分析和静特性优化[J].电工技术杂志,2002,25(6):30.WU Anbo,WANG Jianhua,GENG Yingsan,et al.Contacts for AC Actuator dimensional magnetic field analysis and static characteristics optimization[J].Electrotechnical Magazine,2002,25(6):30.
[26]纽春萍,陈德桂,林娜,等.基于三维有限元分析的交流接触器电磁铁的优化设计[J].低压电器,2004,19(4):23.NIU Chunping,CHEN Degui,LIN Na,et al.Optimal design for AC contactor electromagnet based on 3-D finite elements method[J].Low Voltage Apparatus,2004,19(4):23.
[27]王其亚,翟国富,程贤科,等.基于正交试验设计的电磁继电器关键调整参数及优化方法[J].电工技术学报,2009,24(10):53.WANG Qiya,ZHAI Guofu,CHENG xianke,et al.Key adjusted parameters and optimum method of electromagnetic relay based on orthogonal experimental design[J].Transactions of China Electro-technical Society,2009,24(10):53.
[28]苏秀苹,李则臣,乔延华,等.自动转换开关电磁机构反力特性的分析方法[J].河北工业大学学报,2017,46(1):18.SU Xiuping,LI Zechen,QIAO Yanhua,et al.An analysis method of the counterforce characteristics of ATSE electromagnetic mechanism[J].Journal of Hebei University of Technology,2017,46(1):18.
[29]方鸿发.低压电器[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1988:124-127.