叶面肥及生长调节剂对油茶雄蕊及坐果率的影响
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摘要
以7年生长林4#油茶为试材,采用正交试验设计方法,于盛花期前喷施不同浓度配比的叶面肥及生长调节剂,分析其对油茶雄蕊形态特征及坐果率的影响。结果表明:花期喷施叶面肥及生长调节剂对油茶花药形态特征及坐果率有显著影响。其中施用0.2 g/L H_3BO_3+0.10 g/L KH_2PO_4+0.10 g/L 2,4-D最有利于花药的生长且对花粉表面纹饰影响最大,施用0.2 g/L H_3BO_3+0.05 g/L KH_2PO_4+0.20 g/L 2,4-D对极轴长/赤道轴长影响最大;施用0.15 g/L H_3BO_3+0.15 g/L KH_2PO_4+0.20 g/L 2,4-D对油茶坐果率的增幅最大,增幅达27.93%,坐果率为42.88%。可见,花期喷施一定浓度配比的叶面肥及生长调节剂对油茶雄蕊形态特征及坐果率有促进作用。
Using 7 years of Camellia oleifera 'Changlin 4#' as test material, using orthogonal design method,spraying foliar fertilizer and growth regulator with different concentration ratio before flowering stage, and analyzing its effect on the morphological characteristics and fruit setting rate of stamens. Results showed that foliar application of foliar fertilizer and growth regulator have significant effects on the anther characteristics of C.oleifera. The application of 0.2 g/L H_3BO_3+0.10 g/L KH_2 PO_4+0.10 g/L 2,4-D is most beneficial to the growth of anthers and has the greatest influence on the surface texture of pollen. The effect of application 0.2 g/L H_3BO_3+0.05 g/L KH_2PO_4+0.20 g/L 2,4-D on the axial length/equatorial axis length maximum. Sprayed 0.15 g/L H_3BO_3+0.15 g/L KH_2 PO_4+0.20 g/L 2,4-D, C. oleifera has the biggest increases of the fruit setting rate that is27.93%, and the fruit setting rate is 42.88%. Thus, spraying a certain concentration of foliar fertilizer at flowering stage can promote the morphological characteristics and fruit setting rate of stamens C. oleifera.
Using 7 years of Camellia oleifera 'Changlin 4#' as test material, using orthogonal design method,spraying foliar fertilizer and growth regulator with different concentration ratio before flowering stage, and analyzing its effect on the morphological characteristics and fruit setting rate of stamens. Results showed that foliar application of foliar fertilizer and growth regulator have significant effects on the anther characteristics of C.oleifera. The application of 0.2 g/L H_3BO_3+0.10 g/L KH_2 PO_4+0.10 g/L 2,4-D is most beneficial to the growth of anthers and has the greatest influence on the surface texture of pollen. The effect of application 0.2 g/L H_3BO_3+0.05 g/L KH_2PO_4+0.20 g/L 2,4-D on the axial length/equatorial axis length maximum. Sprayed 0.15 g/L H_3BO_3+0.15 g/L KH_2 PO_4+0.20 g/L 2,4-D, C. oleifera has the biggest increases of the fruit setting rate that is27.93%, and the fruit setting rate is 42.88%. Thus, spraying a certain concentration of foliar fertilizer at flowering stage can promote the morphological characteristics and fruit setting rate of stamens C. oleifera.
引文
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[18]葛娟,郭英芬,于澄宇,等.甘蓝型油菜光、温敏雄性不育系Huiyou50S花粉败育的细胞学观察[J].作物学报,2012,38(3):541-548.
[19]赵玉芬,李金霞,储博彦,等.6个品种大花萱草花粉活力的测定[J].西部林业科学,2017,46(2):15-19.
[20]吴礼树,刘武定,皮美美.硼对棉花花粉粒及叶柄解剖结构的影响[J].华中农学院学报,1985(3):34-37,110.
[2]左继林,孙颖,周文才,等.油茶高含油率品系的资源评价与筛选[J].西部林业科学,2017,46(6):26-29.
[3]张震,许彦明,陈永忠,等.油茶转录组测序与SSR特征分析[J].西南林业大学学报(自然科学),2018,38(6):63-68.
[4]何方,何柏.油茶栽培分布与立地分类的研究[J].林业科学,2002,38(5):64-72.
[5]曾燕如,黎章矩,戴文圣.油茶开花习性的观察研究[J].浙江林学院学报,2009,26(6):802-809.
[6]Joseph C,Venkatesan S.Control of the transition to flowering[J].Current Opinion in Bio-technology,1996,7(2):145-149.
[7]胡玉玲,姚小华,张山,等.油茶花器官形成过程花芽与叶片生理生化变化[J].江西农业大学学报,2016,38(3):412-417.
[8]刘明国,李民,吴月亮,等.山杏花粉形态特征与花粉萌发的关系[J].沈阳农业大学学报,2015,46(2):166-172.
[9]李胜,李唯,杨德龙,等.扁桃花粉活力的测定及其提高坐果率研究[J].果树学报,2004,21(1):79-81.
[10]陈柳英.TDS生长调节剂在锥栗上应用效果的初步研究[J].林业科学研究,2002,15(5):604-608.
[11]高超,袁德义,袁军,等.花期喷施营养元素及生长调节物质对油茶坐果率的影响[J].江西农业大学学报,2012,34(3):505-510.
[12]袁德义,王瑞,袁军,等.不同营养元素及配比对油茶花粉萌发率的影响[J].福建农林大学学报(自然科学版),2010,39(5):471-474.
[13]蔡坚,刘喻娟,张应中,等.大量、中量营养元素和植物生长调节剂对油茶保果率的影响[J].中国农学通报,2013,29(19):46-53.
[14]李春林,姚小华,杨水平,等.普通油茶花粉形态及花粉管活体萌发的研究[J].中国油料作物学报,2011,33(3):242-246.
[15]何小三,龚春,雷小林,等.几种叶面肥对油茶结实的影响[J].经济林研究,2015,33(4):18-24.
[16]吴国芳,冯志坚,马炜梁,等.植物学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1992.
[17]张全锋,尹新彦,贾红姗,等.鸢尾属7个品种花粉活力及柱头可授性研究[J].西部林业科学,2018,47(4):21-25.
[18]葛娟,郭英芬,于澄宇,等.甘蓝型油菜光、温敏雄性不育系Huiyou50S花粉败育的细胞学观察[J].作物学报,2012,38(3):541-548.
[19]赵玉芬,李金霞,储博彦,等.6个品种大花萱草花粉活力的测定[J].西部林业科学,2017,46(2):15-19.
[20]吴礼树,刘武定,皮美美.硼对棉花花粉粒及叶柄解剖结构的影响[J].华中农学院学报,1985(3):34-37,110.