四川长宁页岩气水平井压裂套管变形实例分析
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摘要
选择一口典型井作套管变形实例分析。套管变形是在压裂期间发生的,压裂是套管变形的工程原因。套管变形位置接近小断层,邻井套管变形具有剪切特征,表明套管变形是由小断层滑动引起的。利用微地震监测数据和蚂蚁体追踪数据,识别小断层的倾角和倾向,根据地应力和施工压力数据分析该断层的力学活动性,结果表明应力状态满足滑动条件。分析该井固井质量数据、压裂施工曲线和微地震数据的特征,由于固井质量差,压裂时压裂液可能会突破套管和地层之间的间隙,侵入断层,最终激活断层。因此,为了避免套管变形,建议提高固井质量和避开小断层。
This paper selected a typical well as an example of casing deformation for analysis. Casing deformation occurs during fracturing,and fracturing is the engineering cause of casing deformation. The casing deformation position is close to the small fault,and the adjacent well casing deformation has shear characteristics,which indicates that the casing deformation is caused by small fault sliding. Using Microseismic monitoring data and ant body tracking data,the dip angle and inclination of small faults were identified,and the mechanical activity of the fault was analyzed based on the ground stress and construction pressure data. The results showed that the stress state satisfies the sliding conditions. The characteristics of well cementing quality data, fracturing construction curves and microseismic data were analyzed. Due to poor cementing quality,fracturing fluid may break through the gap between the casing and the formation,intrude into the fault,and finally activate the fault. Therefore,in order to avoid casing deformation,it is recommended to increase cementing quality and avoid small faults.
This paper selected a typical well as an example of casing deformation for analysis. Casing deformation occurs during fracturing,and fracturing is the engineering cause of casing deformation. The casing deformation position is close to the small fault,and the adjacent well casing deformation has shear characteristics,which indicates that the casing deformation is caused by small fault sliding. Using Microseismic monitoring data and ant body tracking data,the dip angle and inclination of small faults were identified,and the mechanical activity of the fault was analyzed based on the ground stress and construction pressure data. The results showed that the stress state satisfies the sliding conditions. The characteristics of well cementing quality data, fracturing construction curves and microseismic data were analyzed. Due to poor cementing quality,fracturing fluid may break through the gap between the casing and the formation,intrude into the fault,and finally activate the fault. Therefore,in order to avoid casing deformation,it is recommended to increase cementing quality and avoid small faults.
引文
[1]廖华林,管志川,闫振来,等.基于可靠性理论的套管失效风险评价方法[J].石油学报,2010,31(1):161-164,172.(Liao Hualin,Guan Zhichuan,Yan Zhenlai,et al.Assessment method of casing failure risk based on structure reliability theory[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2010,31(1):161-164,172.(in Chinese))
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[5]王永亮.热膨胀模拟页岩分段水力压裂的套管损坏有限元分析[A]∥北京力学会第21届学术年会暨北京振动工程学会第22届学术年会论文集[C].北京力学会、北京振动工程学会,2015:103-104.(Wang Yongliang.Finite element analysis of casing damage of thermal fractured shale hydraulic fracturing[A]∥The21st Academic Annual Meeting of Beijing Mechanics Society and the 22nd Academic Year of Beijing Society of Vibration Engineering Conference Proceedings[C].Beijing Institute of Mechanics,Beijing Society of Vibration Engineering,2015:103-104.(in Chinese))
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[7]刘奎,王宴滨,高德利,等.页岩气水平井压裂对井筒完整性的影响[J].石油学报,2016,37(3):406-414.(Liu Kui,Wang Yanbin,Gao Deli,et al.Effects of hydraulic fracturing on horizontal wellbore for shale gas[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,37(3):406-414.(in Chinese))
[8]刘奎,高德利,王宴滨,等.局部载荷对页岩气井套管变形的影响[J].天然气工业,2016,36(11):76-82.(Liu Kui,Gao Deli,Wang Yanbin,et al.Influence of local loads on casing deformation in shale gas wells[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(11):76-82.(in Chinese))
[9]田中兰,石林,乔磊.页岩气水平井井筒完整性问题及对策[J].天然气工业,2015,35(9):70-76.(Tian Zhonglan,Shi Lin,Qiao Lei.Research of and countermeasure for wellbore integrity of shale gas horizontal well[J].Natural Gas Industry,2015,35(9):70-76.(in Chinese))
[10]戴强.页岩气井完井改造期间生产套管损坏原因初探[J].钻采工艺,2015,38(3):22-25.(Dai Qiang.Analysis of production casing damage during testing and completion of shale gas well[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2015,38(3):22-25.(in Chinese))
[11]Lian Z H,Yu H,Lin T J,et al.A study on casing deformation failure during multi-stage hydraulic fracturing for the stimulated reservoir volume of horizontal shale wells[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,2015,23:538-546.
[12]陈朝伟,石林,项德贵.长宁威远页岩气示范区套管变形机理及对策[J].天然气工业,2016,36(11):70-75.(Chen Chaowei,Shi Lin,Xiang Degui.Mechanism of casing deformation in the ChangningWeiyuan national shale gas project demonstration area and countermeasures[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(11):70-75.(in Chinese))
[13]李健,吴顺川,高永涛,等.露天矿边坡微地震监测研究综述[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(增2):3998-4013.(Li Jian,Wu Shunchuan,Gao Yongtao,et al.Review of slope micro-seismic monitoring in Open-pit mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(Supp.2):3998-4013.(in Chinese))
[14]杜文凤,彭苏萍,师素珍.基于三维地震勘探研究地裂缝空间展布特征[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(4):778-783.(Du Wenfeng,Peng Suping,Shi Suzhen.The spatial distribution characteristics of ground fissures based on 3D seismic exploration[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(4):778-783.(in Chinese))
[2]沈新普.页岩气储层压裂引起的套管完整性数值评价[A]∥第21届全国结构工程学术会议论文集[C].北京:《工程力学》杂志社,2012:425-428.(Shen Xinpu.Numerical estimation on casing integrity in hydrolic fracturing of shale gas formation[A]∥Proceedings of the 21st National Conference on Structural Engineering[C].Beijing:Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2012:425-428.(in Chinese))
[3]于浩,练章华,林铁军.页岩气压裂过程套管失效机理有限元分析[J].石油机械,2014,42(8):84-88,93.(Yu Hao,Lian Zhanghua,Lin Tiejun.Finite element analysis of failure mechanism of casing during shale gas fracturing[J].China Petroleum Machinery,2014,42(8):84-88,93.(in Chinese))
[4]于浩.体积压裂过程中套管失效机理研究[D].成都:西南石油大学,2015.(Yu Hao.Study on casing failure mechanism in volume fracturing[D].Chengdu:Southwest Petroleum University,2015.(in Chinese))
[5]王永亮.热膨胀模拟页岩分段水力压裂的套管损坏有限元分析[A]∥北京力学会第21届学术年会暨北京振动工程学会第22届学术年会论文集[C].北京力学会、北京振动工程学会,2015:103-104.(Wang Yongliang.Finite element analysis of casing damage of thermal fractured shale hydraulic fracturing[A]∥The21st Academic Annual Meeting of Beijing Mechanics Society and the 22nd Academic Year of Beijing Society of Vibration Engineering Conference Proceedings[C].Beijing Institute of Mechanics,Beijing Society of Vibration Engineering,2015:103-104.(in Chinese))
[6]蒋可,李黔,陈远林,等.页岩气水平井固井质量对套管损坏的影响[J].天然气工业,2015,35(12):77-82.(Jiang Ke,Li Wei,Chen Yuanlin,et al.Influence of cementing quality of shale gas horizontal well on casing damage[J].Natural Gas Industry,2015,35(12):77-82.(in Chinese))
[7]刘奎,王宴滨,高德利,等.页岩气水平井压裂对井筒完整性的影响[J].石油学报,2016,37(3):406-414.(Liu Kui,Wang Yanbin,Gao Deli,et al.Effects of hydraulic fracturing on horizontal wellbore for shale gas[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2015,37(3):406-414.(in Chinese))
[8]刘奎,高德利,王宴滨,等.局部载荷对页岩气井套管变形的影响[J].天然气工业,2016,36(11):76-82.(Liu Kui,Gao Deli,Wang Yanbin,et al.Influence of local loads on casing deformation in shale gas wells[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(11):76-82.(in Chinese))
[9]田中兰,石林,乔磊.页岩气水平井井筒完整性问题及对策[J].天然气工业,2015,35(9):70-76.(Tian Zhonglan,Shi Lin,Qiao Lei.Research of and countermeasure for wellbore integrity of shale gas horizontal well[J].Natural Gas Industry,2015,35(9):70-76.(in Chinese))
[10]戴强.页岩气井完井改造期间生产套管损坏原因初探[J].钻采工艺,2015,38(3):22-25.(Dai Qiang.Analysis of production casing damage during testing and completion of shale gas well[J].Drilling&Production Technology,2015,38(3):22-25.(in Chinese))
[11]Lian Z H,Yu H,Lin T J,et al.A study on casing deformation failure during multi-stage hydraulic fracturing for the stimulated reservoir volume of horizontal shale wells[J].Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering,2015,23:538-546.
[12]陈朝伟,石林,项德贵.长宁威远页岩气示范区套管变形机理及对策[J].天然气工业,2016,36(11):70-75.(Chen Chaowei,Shi Lin,Xiang Degui.Mechanism of casing deformation in the ChangningWeiyuan national shale gas project demonstration area and countermeasures[J].Natural Gas Industry,2016,36(11):70-75.(in Chinese))
[13]李健,吴顺川,高永涛,等.露天矿边坡微地震监测研究综述[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2014,33(增2):3998-4013.(Li Jian,Wu Shunchuan,Gao Yongtao,et al.Review of slope micro-seismic monitoring in Open-pit mine[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2014,33(Supp.2):3998-4013.(in Chinese))
[14]杜文凤,彭苏萍,师素珍.基于三维地震勘探研究地裂缝空间展布特征[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2016,35(4):778-783.(Du Wenfeng,Peng Suping,Shi Suzhen.The spatial distribution characteristics of ground fissures based on 3D seismic exploration[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2016,35(4):778-783.(in Chinese))