面向低碳化设计的复杂装备碳排放分层递阶模型
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摘要
为支持复杂装备的低碳化设计,分析了复杂装备生产过程中的碳排放环节,提出了这类碳排放的描述方法。通过追踪零部件各生产环节中的碳排放,用基础零部件的工艺过程信息来描述其碳排放信息,构建了面向生产过程的基础碳排放库。利用功能分解树映射结构形成产品结构的分层递阶划分,并通过结构的逐层搭建及碳排放信息的逐层提取,自底向上地构建了产品的碳排放分层递阶模型。重点分析了该模型在锻压机设计中的应用,搭建了锻压机低碳化设计平台,通过对产品的碳排放分层描述,准确定位各层高碳排零部件,为低碳优化设计提供实际指导。
In oder to support low-carbon design of complex equipment,carbon emission links in manufacturing process for complex equipment were analyzed,and a method to describe the carbon emissions was proposed.Through tracking the carbon emissions of each parts in production and describing the processing procedure of basic components,production process oriented basic carbon emission base was constructed.The hiberarchy of product structure was formed by using function-decomposition tree,and carbon emission hierarchical model of complex equipment products was constructed from bottom to top by constructing the structure and drawing the information of carbon emissions layer by layer.This method was applied to a design process.A forging machine low-carbon design platform was built to analyze the model's application.Through hierarchical description of productions carbon emission,each high emission part was located and guidance for low-carbon design was given.
In oder to support low-carbon design of complex equipment,carbon emission links in manufacturing process for complex equipment were analyzed,and a method to describe the carbon emissions was proposed.Through tracking the carbon emissions of each parts in production and describing the processing procedure of basic components,production process oriented basic carbon emission base was constructed.The hiberarchy of product structure was formed by using function-decomposition tree,and carbon emission hierarchical model of complex equipment products was constructed from bottom to top by constructing the structure and drawing the information of carbon emissions layer by layer.This method was applied to a design process.A forging machine low-carbon design platform was built to analyze the model's application.Through hierarchical description of productions carbon emission,each high emission part was located and guidance for low-carbon design was given.
引文
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[2]JOYEE T,OKRASINSKI T A,SCHAEFFER W.Estimatingthe carbon footprint of telecommunications products:a heuris-tic approach[J].Jorunal of Mechanical Design,2010,132(9):1-4.
[3]WANG Haifeng.Reducing GHG mitigation costs in the ship-ping industry using the clean development mechanism[J].Management of Environmental Quality:an International Jour-nal,2010,21(4):452-463.
[4]XU Dongling.Application of multiple criteria decision analysisin impact assessment of carbon labeling[C]//Proceedings ofIEEE International Conference on Industrial Engineering andEngineering Management.Washington,D.C.,USA:IEEE,2009:2251-2255.
[5]GU Xinjian,WU Dichong,JI Yangjian.Group technology forlow-carbon economy[J].Group Technology&ProductionModernization,2010,27(1):1-3(in Chinese).[顾新建,吴迪冲,纪杨建.面向低碳经济的成组技术[J].成组技术与生产现代化,2010,27(1):1-3.]
[6]JESWIET J,KARA S.Carbon emissions and CESTM in man-ufacturing[J].CIRP Annals—Manufacturing Technology,2008,57(1):17-20.
[7]BALL P D,EVANS S,LEVERS A,et al.Zero carbon manu-facturing facility-towards integrating material,energy,andwaste process flows[J].Journal of Engineering Manufacture,2009,223(9):1085-1096.
[8]WIEDMANN T.Editorial:carbon footprint and input-outputanalysis—an introduction[J].Economic Systems Research,2009,21(3):175-186.
[9]British Standards Institute(BSI).PAS 2050—specification forthe assessment of the life cycle greenhouse gas emissions ofgoods and services[M].London,UK:BSI,2008.
[10]DEVANATHAN S,RAMANUJAN D,BERNSTEIN W Z,et al.Integration of sustainability into early design throughthe function impact matrix[J].Journal of Mechanical Design,2010,132(8):1-8.
[11]SONG J S,LEE K M.Development of a low-carbon productdesign system based on embedded GHG emissions[J].Re-sources,Conservation and Recycling,2010,54(9):547-556.
[12]ZHANG Ling,ZHANG Bo.Theory and applications ofproblem solving[M].Beijing:Tsinghua University Press,2007(in Chinese).[张铃,张钹.问题求解理论与应用[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2007.]