基于分布形态的英汉非宾、非施结构研究
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摘要
非宾、非施结构是英汉语常见句式结构。本研究在分布式形态理论的框架内,结合词句法一致原则、子集原则和竞争原则,对英汉语非宾、非施结构进行分布形态描写。通过这种描写,本研究认为:英汉语非宾、非施结构的句法差异由动词的词法特征决定,句法结构是词法特征在线性句法上的体现;英汉语非宾、非施结构中的动词词法特征既存在一致性,也存在差异性。
The unaccusatives and the unergatives are normal structures in Chinese and English.This paper attempts to describe the structure of unaccusatives and unergatives in Chinese and English in the framework of the distributed morphology,specifically under the principles of the agreement of morphological and syntactic features,underspecification and competition.The conclusions are the following:first,the structural differences between the unaccusatives and the unergatives are determined by the morphological features of the verbs.Syntactic structure is the linear syntactic realization of the morphological features;Second,there are similarities and differences between Chinese and English in morphological features of verbs in unaccusatives and unergatives.
The unaccusatives and the unergatives are normal structures in Chinese and English.This paper attempts to describe the structure of unaccusatives and unergatives in Chinese and English in the framework of the distributed morphology,specifically under the principles of the agreement of morphological and syntactic features,underspecification and competition.The conclusions are the following:first,the structural differences between the unaccusatives and the unergatives are determined by the morphological features of the verbs.Syntactic structure is the linear syntactic realization of the morphological features;Second,there are similarities and differences between Chinese and English in morphological features of verbs in unaccusatives and unergatives.
引文
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王永利韩景泉.最简方案下非宾结构的生成机制研究[J].外语学刊,2017(2).
张翼.动词延伸义和双重范畴化关系:对领主属宾句和存现句的统一解释[J].外语研究,2012(2).
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Dixon,R.Ergativity[J].Language,1979(55).
Halle,M.Distributed Morphology:Impoverishment and Fission[J].MIT Working Papers in Linguistics,1997(30).
Lardiere,D.Feature-assembly in Second Language Acquisition[A].In:Liceras,J.,Zobl,H.,Goodluck,H.(Eds.),The Role of Formal Features in Second Language Acquisition[C].New York:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates,2008.
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Noyer,R.Distributed Morphology[J].Encyclopedia of Language&Linguistics,2006(14).
Perlmutter,D.M.Impersonal Passives and the Unaccusative Hypothesis[P].Proceedings of the 4thAnnual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society,1978.
Schfer,F.Two Types of External Argument Licensing-the Case of Causers[J].Studia Linguistica,2012(2).
Talmy,L.,Allan,K.Toward a Cognitive Semantics[M].Cambridge:The MIT Press,2000.
程工杨大然.现代汉语动结式复合词的语序及相关问题[J].中国语文,2016b(5).
顾阳.关于存现结构的理论探讨[J].现代外语,1997(3).
韩景泉.英汉语存现句的生成语法研究[J].现代外语,2001(2).
韩景泉蒙岚.英语名词性成名抽象格的可见性分析[J].外语学刊,2018(2).
王永利韩景泉.最简方案下非宾结构的生成机制研究[J].外语学刊,2017(2).
张翼.动词延伸义和双重范畴化关系:对领主属宾句和存现句的统一解释[J].外语研究,2012(2).
Acquaviva,P.Roots and Lexicality in Distributed Morphology[J].University of York Department of Language&Linguistic Science,2009(10).
Chomsky,N.A Minimalist Program for Linguistic Theory[M].Cambridge:The MIT Press,1993.
Chomsky,N.Beyond Explanatory Adequacy[A].In:Belleti,A.(Ed.),Structures and Beyond:The Cartography of Syntactic Structures[C].Oxford:Oxford University Press,2004.
Daniel,S.Syntax Within the Word:Economy,Allomorphy,and Argument Selection in Distributed Morphology[M].Philadelphia:John Benjamins,2009.
Dixon,R.Ergativity[J].Language,1979(55).
Halle,M.Distributed Morphology:Impoverishment and Fission[J].MIT Working Papers in Linguistics,1997(30).
Lardiere,D.Feature-assembly in Second Language Acquisition[A].In:Liceras,J.,Zobl,H.,Goodluck,H.(Eds.),The Role of Formal Features in Second Language Acquisition[C].New York:Lawrence Erlbaum Associates,2008.
Lardiere,D.Some Thoughts on the Contrastive Analysis of Features in Second Language Acquisition[J].Second Language Research,2009a(2).
Lardiere,D.Further Thoughts on Parameters and Features in Second Language Acquisition[J].Second Language Research,2009b(3).
Noyer,R.Distributed Morphology[J].Encyclopedia of Language&Linguistics,2006(14).
Perlmutter,D.M.Impersonal Passives and the Unaccusative Hypothesis[P].Proceedings of the 4thAnnual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society,1978.
Schfer,F.Two Types of External Argument Licensing-the Case of Causers[J].Studia Linguistica,2012(2).
Talmy,L.,Allan,K.Toward a Cognitive Semantics[M].Cambridge:The MIT Press,2000.