碳交易机制下多区域综合能源系统的分散调度
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摘要
为解决信息不完全情况下综合能源系统的优化运行问题,该文以能源中心为基础,首次建立了计及碳交易成本的多区域综合能源系统分散调度模型。其次,该文用联络线切割法和区域重叠法对综合能源系统进行了区域分解,并基于辅助问题原则算法、分块坐标下降法和近似牛顿法分别进行求解。最后,该文以扩展的两区域6能源中心系统和3区域33能源中心系统为仿真算例,对比分析了上述分散优化算法在综合能源系统分散调度中的计算性能,并对碳交易成本对系统运行的影响作了详细分析。
This paper proposes an optimal decentralized dispatch of multi-area integrated energy systems with carbon trading, to solve the operation optimization of integrated energy systems under the condition of incomplete information. The integrated energy systems can be decomposed into multiple small-scale systems by bus splitting method and overlap boundary method, then the decentralized optimization can be handled by different techniques, including auxiliary problem principle(APP), block coordinates down(BCD) and approximate Newton directions(AND). Finally, a two-area integrated energy system with six energy hubs and a three-area integrated system with thirty-three energy hubs are employed for testing the optimization performance with various decentralized algorithms, while the operation effect with different carbon trading prices are investigated in detail.
This paper proposes an optimal decentralized dispatch of multi-area integrated energy systems with carbon trading, to solve the operation optimization of integrated energy systems under the condition of incomplete information. The integrated energy systems can be decomposed into multiple small-scale systems by bus splitting method and overlap boundary method, then the decentralized optimization can be handled by different techniques, including auxiliary problem principle(APP), block coordinates down(BCD) and approximate Newton directions(AND). Finally, a two-area integrated energy system with six energy hubs and a three-area integrated system with thirty-three energy hubs are employed for testing the optimization performance with various decentralized algorithms, while the operation effect with different carbon trading prices are investigated in detail.
引文
[1]董朝阳,赵俊华,文福拴,等.从智能电网到能源互联网:基本概念与研究框架[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(15):1-11.Dong Zhaoyang,Zhao Junhua,Wen Fushuan,et al.From smart grid to energy internet:basic concept and research framework[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(15):1-11(in Chinese).
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[3]王伟亮,王丹,贾宏杰,等.能源互联网背景下的典型区域综合能源系统稳态分析研究综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(12):3292-3305.Wang Weiliang,Wang Dan,Jia Hongjie,et al.Review of steady-state analysis of typical regional integrated energy system under the background of energy internet[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(12):3292-3305(in Chinese).
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[7]李杨,刘伟佳,赵俊华,等.含电转气的电-气-热系统协同调度与消纳风电效益分析[J].电网技术,2016,40(12):3680-3688.Li Yang,Liu Weijia,Zhao Junhua,et al.Optimal dispatch of combined electricity-gas-heat energy systems with power-to-gas devices and benefit analysis of wind power accommodation[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(12):3680-3688(in Chinese).
[8]王信,袁方.碳排放权交易中的排放权分配和价格管理[J].金融发展评论,2010(11):48-57.Wang Xin,Yuan Fang.Allocation and price management of emission rights in carbon trading[J].Financial Development Review,2010(11):48-57(in Chinese).
[9]娄素华,胡斌,吴耀武,等.碳交易环境下含大规模光伏电源的电力系统优化调度[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(17):91-97.Lou Suhua,Hu Bin,Wu Yaowu,et al.Optimal dispatch of power system integrated with large scale photovoltaic generation under carbon trading environment[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(17):91-97(in Chinese).
[10]张晓辉,闫柯柯,卢志刚,等.基于碳交易的含风电系统低碳经济调度[J].电网技术,2013,37(10):2697-2704.Zhang Xiaohui,Yan keke,Lu Zhigang,et al.Carbon trading based low-carbon economic dispatching for power grid integrated with wind power system[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(10):2697-2704(in Chinese).
[11]卫志农,张思德,孙国强,等.基于碳交易机制的电-气互联综合能源系统低碳经济运行[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(15):9-16.Wei Zhinong,Zhang Side,Sun Guoqiang,et al.Carbon trading based low-carbon economic operation for integrated electricity and natural gas energy system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(15):9-16(in Chinese).
[12]王斌,夏叶,夏清,等.基于Benders分解法的交直流互联电网安全约束经济调度[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(6):1588-1595.Wang Bin,Xia Ye,Xia Qing,et al.Security-constrained economic dispatch with AC/DC interconnection system based on benders decomposition method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(6):1588-1595(in Chinese).
[13]Cohen G.Auxiliary problem principle and decomposition of optimization problems[J].Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications,1980,32(3):277-305.
[14]刘宝英,杨仁刚.采用辅助问题原理的多分区并行无功优化算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(7):47-51.Liu Baoying,Yang Rengang.Multi-subarea parallel reactive power optimization based on app[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(7):47-51(in Chinese).
[15]李智,杨洪耕.基于分块坐标下降思想的并行无功优化分解协调算法[J].电网技术,2013,37(1):178-182.Li Zhi,Yang Honggeng.A block coordinate descent-based parallel decomposition-coordination algorithm for reactive power optimization[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(1):178-182(in Chinese).
[16]Nogales F J,Prieto F J,Conejo A J.Multi-area AC optimal power flow:a new decomposition approach[C]//Proceedings of 13th Power Systems Control Conference.Trondheim,Norway:ETH Zurich,1999.
[17]赵维兴,刘明波.基于近似牛顿方向的多区域无功优化解耦算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(25):18-24.Zhao Weixing,Liu Mingbo.A decomposition algorithm applied to multi-area reactive-power optimization based on approximate Newton directions[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(25):18-24(in Chinese).
[18]Yan Wei,Wen Lili,Li W,et al.Decompositioncoordination interior point method and its application to multi-area optimal reactive power flow[J].International Journal of Electrical Power&Energy Systems,2011,33(1):55-60.
[19]徐豪,张孝顺,余涛.非理想通信网络条件下的经济调度鲁棒协同一致性算法[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(14):15-24,57.Xu Hao,Zhang Xiaoshun,Yu Tao.Robust collaborative consensus algorithm for economic dispatch under non-ideal communication network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(14):15-24,57(in Chinese).
[20]Geidl M,Koeppel G,Favre-Perrod P,et al.Energy hubs for the future[J].IEEE Power and Energy Magazine,2007,5(1):24-30.
[21]汪超群,韦化,吴思缘,等.七种最优潮流分解协调算法的性能比较[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(6):49-57.Wang Chaoqun,Wei Hua,Wu Siyuan,et al.Comparative analysis of seven decomposition and coordination algorithms for optimal power flow[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(6):49-57(in Chinese).
[22]刘科研,盛万兴,李运华.互联电网的直流最优潮流分解算法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(12):21-25.Liu Keyan,Sheng Wanxing,Li Yunhua.Research on decomposition algorithm of DC optimal power flow in large scale interconnection power grids[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2006,26(12):21-25(in Chinese).
[23]顾泽鹏,康重庆,陈新宇,等.考虑热网约束的电热能源集成系统运行优化及其风电消纳效益分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(14):3596-3604.Gu Zepeng,Kang Chongqing,Chen Xinyu,et al.Operation optimization of integrated power and heat energy systems and the benefit on wind power accommodation considering heating network constraints[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(14):3596-3604(in Chinese).
[24]Pazouki S,Haghifam M R,Moser A.Uncertainty modeling in optimal operation of energy hub in presence of wind,storage and demand response[J].International Journal of Electrical Power&Energy Systems,2014,61:335-345.
[25]Menon E S,Menon S,Menon E S.Gas Pipeline Hydraulics[M].Boca Raton:CRC Press,2005.
[26]戚永志,刘玉田.基于竞争博弈的风电爬坡协同控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(25):4341-4349.Qi Yongzhi,Liu Yutian.Ramping coordination control of wind generation based on competitive game theory[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(25):4341-4349(in Chinese).
[2]贾宏杰,王丹,徐宪东,等.区域综合能源系统若干问题研究[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(7):198-207.Jia Hongjie,Wang Dan,Xu Xiandong,et al.Research on some key problems related to integrated energy systems[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(7):198-207(in Chinese).
[3]王伟亮,王丹,贾宏杰,等.能源互联网背景下的典型区域综合能源系统稳态分析研究综述[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(12):3292-3305.Wang Weiliang,Wang Dan,Jia Hongjie,et al.Review of steady-state analysis of typical regional integrated energy system under the background of energy internet[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(12):3292-3305(in Chinese).
[4]王业磊,赵俊华,文福拴,等.具有电转气功能的多能源系统的市场均衡分析[J].电力系统自动化,2015,39(21):1-10,65.Wang Yelei,Zhao Junhua,Wen Fushuan,et al.Market equilibrium of multi-energy system with power-to-gas functions[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2015,39(21):1-10,65(in Chinese).
[5]Geidl M,Andersson G.Optimal power flow of multiple energy carriers[J].IEEE Transactions on Power Systems,2007,22(1):145-155.
[6]Moeini-Aghtaie M,Dehghanian P,Fotuhi-Firuzabad M,et al.Multiagent genetic algorithm:an online probabilistic view on economic dispatch of energy hubs constrained by wind availability[J].IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Energy,2014,5(2):699-708.
[7]李杨,刘伟佳,赵俊华,等.含电转气的电-气-热系统协同调度与消纳风电效益分析[J].电网技术,2016,40(12):3680-3688.Li Yang,Liu Weijia,Zhao Junhua,et al.Optimal dispatch of combined electricity-gas-heat energy systems with power-to-gas devices and benefit analysis of wind power accommodation[J].Power System Technology,2016,40(12):3680-3688(in Chinese).
[8]王信,袁方.碳排放权交易中的排放权分配和价格管理[J].金融发展评论,2010(11):48-57.Wang Xin,Yuan Fang.Allocation and price management of emission rights in carbon trading[J].Financial Development Review,2010(11):48-57(in Chinese).
[9]娄素华,胡斌,吴耀武,等.碳交易环境下含大规模光伏电源的电力系统优化调度[J].电力系统自动化,2014,38(17):91-97.Lou Suhua,Hu Bin,Wu Yaowu,et al.Optimal dispatch of power system integrated with large scale photovoltaic generation under carbon trading environment[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2014,38(17):91-97(in Chinese).
[10]张晓辉,闫柯柯,卢志刚,等.基于碳交易的含风电系统低碳经济调度[J].电网技术,2013,37(10):2697-2704.Zhang Xiaohui,Yan keke,Lu Zhigang,et al.Carbon trading based low-carbon economic dispatching for power grid integrated with wind power system[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(10):2697-2704(in Chinese).
[11]卫志农,张思德,孙国强,等.基于碳交易机制的电-气互联综合能源系统低碳经济运行[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(15):9-16.Wei Zhinong,Zhang Side,Sun Guoqiang,et al.Carbon trading based low-carbon economic operation for integrated electricity and natural gas energy system[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(15):9-16(in Chinese).
[12]王斌,夏叶,夏清,等.基于Benders分解法的交直流互联电网安全约束经济调度[J].中国电机工程学报,2016,36(6):1588-1595.Wang Bin,Xia Ye,Xia Qing,et al.Security-constrained economic dispatch with AC/DC interconnection system based on benders decomposition method[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2016,36(6):1588-1595(in Chinese).
[13]Cohen G.Auxiliary problem principle and decomposition of optimization problems[J].Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications,1980,32(3):277-305.
[14]刘宝英,杨仁刚.采用辅助问题原理的多分区并行无功优化算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2009,29(7):47-51.Liu Baoying,Yang Rengang.Multi-subarea parallel reactive power optimization based on app[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2009,29(7):47-51(in Chinese).
[15]李智,杨洪耕.基于分块坐标下降思想的并行无功优化分解协调算法[J].电网技术,2013,37(1):178-182.Li Zhi,Yang Honggeng.A block coordinate descent-based parallel decomposition-coordination algorithm for reactive power optimization[J].Power System Technology,2013,37(1):178-182(in Chinese).
[16]Nogales F J,Prieto F J,Conejo A J.Multi-area AC optimal power flow:a new decomposition approach[C]//Proceedings of 13th Power Systems Control Conference.Trondheim,Norway:ETH Zurich,1999.
[17]赵维兴,刘明波.基于近似牛顿方向的多区域无功优化解耦算法[J].中国电机工程学报,2007,27(25):18-24.Zhao Weixing,Liu Mingbo.A decomposition algorithm applied to multi-area reactive-power optimization based on approximate Newton directions[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2007,27(25):18-24(in Chinese).
[18]Yan Wei,Wen Lili,Li W,et al.Decompositioncoordination interior point method and its application to multi-area optimal reactive power flow[J].International Journal of Electrical Power&Energy Systems,2011,33(1):55-60.
[19]徐豪,张孝顺,余涛.非理想通信网络条件下的经济调度鲁棒协同一致性算法[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(14):15-24,57.Xu Hao,Zhang Xiaoshun,Yu Tao.Robust collaborative consensus algorithm for economic dispatch under non-ideal communication network[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(14):15-24,57(in Chinese).
[20]Geidl M,Koeppel G,Favre-Perrod P,et al.Energy hubs for the future[J].IEEE Power and Energy Magazine,2007,5(1):24-30.
[21]汪超群,韦化,吴思缘,等.七种最优潮流分解协调算法的性能比较[J].电力系统自动化,2016,40(6):49-57.Wang Chaoqun,Wei Hua,Wu Siyuan,et al.Comparative analysis of seven decomposition and coordination algorithms for optimal power flow[J].Automation of Electric Power Systems,2016,40(6):49-57(in Chinese).
[22]刘科研,盛万兴,李运华.互联电网的直流最优潮流分解算法研究[J].中国电机工程学报,2006,26(12):21-25.Liu Keyan,Sheng Wanxing,Li Yunhua.Research on decomposition algorithm of DC optimal power flow in large scale interconnection power grids[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2006,26(12):21-25(in Chinese).
[23]顾泽鹏,康重庆,陈新宇,等.考虑热网约束的电热能源集成系统运行优化及其风电消纳效益分析[J].中国电机工程学报,2015,35(14):3596-3604.Gu Zepeng,Kang Chongqing,Chen Xinyu,et al.Operation optimization of integrated power and heat energy systems and the benefit on wind power accommodation considering heating network constraints[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2015,35(14):3596-3604(in Chinese).
[24]Pazouki S,Haghifam M R,Moser A.Uncertainty modeling in optimal operation of energy hub in presence of wind,storage and demand response[J].International Journal of Electrical Power&Energy Systems,2014,61:335-345.
[25]Menon E S,Menon S,Menon E S.Gas Pipeline Hydraulics[M].Boca Raton:CRC Press,2005.
[26]戚永志,刘玉田.基于竞争博弈的风电爬坡协同控制策略[J].中国电机工程学报,2014,34(25):4341-4349.Qi Yongzhi,Liu Yutian.Ramping coordination control of wind generation based on competitive game theory[J].Proceedings of the CSEE,2014,34(25):4341-4349(in Chinese).