注干用10%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐可溶粒剂的研制及对松材线虫病的防治效果
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摘要
为有效防治松材线虫病,研制了注干用10%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐(以下简称甲维盐)可溶粒剂,并通过在马尾松树干基部钻孔施药,考察了其对松材线虫病的防治效果。以苯甲酸钠、单水乳糖、可溶性淀粉和羧甲基纤维素为水溶性载体,采用混料均匀试验设计及偏最小二乘回归分析法对水溶性载体的配方进行了优化。将水溶性载体与溶于正丁醇和乳化剂OP-10的甲维盐(油相)在不同时间下混合并造粒,通过对其性能指标的追踪检测得出粒剂最佳配比和混合时间。结果表明:10%甲维盐可溶粒剂的最佳配比(质量分数)为:甲维盐10.0%(折纯),乳化剂OP-10 6.7%,正丁醇12.0%,苯甲酸钠39.0%,单水乳糖20.5%,水溶性淀粉3.0%和羧甲基纤维素4.5%;机械混合时间为10 min,粒剂外观为乳白色圆柱体,各项性能指标合格。注干施药结果表明:在浙江临安东湖村松材线虫病疫区,注干110棵马尾松,1 a后马尾松死亡率为0,对照区为6.1%;在福建泉州仙公山疫区,注干230棵马尾松,1 a后马尾松死亡率为1.7%,对照区10.8%。结果表明,所研制的10%甲维盐可溶粒剂可在松脂分泌旺盛的松树上注干施药,制剂造粒工艺简单,无包装物污染,对松材线虫病防治效果显著。
In order to prevent and control pine wilt disease, 10% emamectin benzoate soluble granule was prepared for trunk injection. Its control efficacy against pine wood nematode disease was evaluated after trunk injection. Sodium benzoate, lactose monohydrate, soluble starch and CMC were tested as the water-soluble carrier. The formulation of the water-soluble carrier was optimized using the uniform design of experiments with mixtures and partial least squares regression. The emamectin benzoate(oil phase) was dissolved in n-butanol and emulsifier OP-10, and mixed with water-soluble carrier with different mixing time. And then the optimal formulation and mixing time was obtained by tracking and detecting of the indicators. The optimum formulation of emamectin benzoate 10% soluble granule was composed of emamectin benzoate 14.3%(pure 10.0%), OP-10 5.7%, n-butanol 12%, sodium benzoate39.0%, lactose monohydrate 20.5%, water-solubility starch 3.0% and CMC 4.5%. After 10 min mechanical kneading, the appearance of the granule was the cylinder in milk white. And all the indicators were up to the standard. The field experiments showed that the granule could completely dissolve in water and effectively conduct in P. massoniana after the trunk injection. In the pine wood nematode disease area in Donghu Village, 110 pines were injected. The mortality of P. massoniana was0 after 1 year. And the mortality of P. massoniana in the control group was 6.1%. In the Xian' gong Mountain, 230 pines were injected. The mortality of P. massoniana was 1.7%, and the mortality of P.massoniana in the control group was 10.8%. The soluble granule can be used during the whole pine resin secretion period. And it features simple and safe production procedur, no packaging pollution and significant control effect.
In order to prevent and control pine wilt disease, 10% emamectin benzoate soluble granule was prepared for trunk injection. Its control efficacy against pine wood nematode disease was evaluated after trunk injection. Sodium benzoate, lactose monohydrate, soluble starch and CMC were tested as the water-soluble carrier. The formulation of the water-soluble carrier was optimized using the uniform design of experiments with mixtures and partial least squares regression. The emamectin benzoate(oil phase) was dissolved in n-butanol and emulsifier OP-10, and mixed with water-soluble carrier with different mixing time. And then the optimal formulation and mixing time was obtained by tracking and detecting of the indicators. The optimum formulation of emamectin benzoate 10% soluble granule was composed of emamectin benzoate 14.3%(pure 10.0%), OP-10 5.7%, n-butanol 12%, sodium benzoate39.0%, lactose monohydrate 20.5%, water-solubility starch 3.0% and CMC 4.5%. After 10 min mechanical kneading, the appearance of the granule was the cylinder in milk white. And all the indicators were up to the standard. The field experiments showed that the granule could completely dissolve in water and effectively conduct in P. massoniana after the trunk injection. In the pine wood nematode disease area in Donghu Village, 110 pines were injected. The mortality of P. massoniana was0 after 1 year. And the mortality of P. massoniana in the control group was 6.1%. In the Xian' gong Mountain, 230 pines were injected. The mortality of P. massoniana was 1.7%, and the mortality of P.massoniana in the control group was 10.8%. The soluble granule can be used during the whole pine resin secretion period. And it features simple and safe production procedur, no packaging pollution and significant control effect.
引文
[1]理永霞,张星耀.松材线虫病致病机理研究进展[J].环境昆虫学报,2018,40(2):231-241.LI Y X,ZHANG X Y.Research advance of pathogenic mechanism of pine wilt disease[J].J Environ Entomol,2018,40(2):231-241.
[2]王曦茁,曹业凡,汪来发,等.松材线虫病发生及防控现状[J].环境昆虫学报,2018,40(2):256-267.WANG X Z,CAO Y F,WANG L F,et al.Current status of pine wilt disease and its control status[J].J Environ Entomol,2018,40(2):256-267.
[3]唐光辉,陈安良,冯俊涛,等.树干注药技术研究进展[J].西北林学院学报,2006,21(4):117-120.TANG G H,CHEN A L,FENG J T,et al.Review on trunk injection technique[J].J Northwest For Univ,2006,21(4):117-120.
[4]王慧瑜,赵玉安,贾耀军.树干注射施药技术研究概况[J].农药学学报,2005,7(2):104-108.WANG H Y,ZHAO Y A,JIA Y J.Trunk injection techniques with chemicals[J].Chin J Pestic Sci,2005,7(2):104-108.
[5]王龙龙,刘钰,崔蕊蕊,等.甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐研究开发现状与展望[J].农药,2015,54(6):394-399.WANG L L,LIU Y,CUI R R,et al.Research status and prospects of emamectin benzoate[J].Agrochemicals,2015,54(6):394-399.
[6]艾辉建,刘志明,黄金玲,等.几种杀线剂对南方根结线虫的田间药效试验[J].南方农业学报,2012,43(7):961-964.AI H J,LIU Z M,HUANG J L,et al.Field control efficacy trials of several nematicides on southern root-knot nematode[J].J South Agric,2012,43(7):961-964.
[7]刘奎,唐良德,李鹏,等.几种杀虫剂对豆大蓟马的毒力测定及复配增效作用[J].热带作物学报,2014,35(8):1615-1618.LIU K,TANG L D,LI P,et al.Toxocity and synergistic effect of the complex formulation of several insecticides to megalurothrips usitatus(bagnall)[J].Chin J Trop Crop,2014,35(8):1615-1618.
[8]TAKAI K,SOEJIMA T,SUZUKI T,et al.Emamectin benzoate as a candidate for a trunk-injection agent against the pine wood nematode,Bursaphelenchus xylophilus[J].Pest Manag Sci,2000,56(10):937-941.
[9]TAKAI K,SOEJIMA T,SUZUKI T,et al.Development of a watersoluble preparation of emamectin benzoate and its preventative effect against the wilting of pot-grown pine trees inoculated with the pine wood nematode,Bursaphelenchus xylophilus[J].Pest Manag Sci,2001,57(5):463-466.
[10]TAKAI K,SUZUKI T,KAWAZU K.Development and preventative effect against pine wilt disease of a novel liquid formulation of emamectin benzoate[J].Pest Manag Sci,2003,59(3):365-370.
[11]潘伟华,吴继来,贾进伟,等.甲维盐注干施用对松材线虫病的防治效果分析[J].中国森林病虫,2014,33(6):41-44.PAN W H,WU J L,JIA J W,et al.Control effect of trunk injection of emamectin benzoate against pine wilt disease[J].Forest Pest and Disease,2014,33(6):41-44.
[12]魏方林,魏晓林,刘迎,等.农药新剂型:微乳粒剂配制的可行性研究[J].农药学学报,2011,13(3):319-326.WEI F L,WEI X L,LIU Y,et al.Feasibility study on preparing a novel pesticide formulation:micro-emulsifiable granule[J].Chin J Pestic Sci,2011,13(3):319-326.
[13]农药乳液稳定性测定方法:GB/T 1603—2001[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2002.Determination method of emulsion stability for pesticides:GB/T 1603—2001[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2002.
[14]农药pH值测定方法:GB/T1601—1993[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1994.Determination method of pH value for pesticides:GB/T 1601—1993[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,1994.
[15]农药热贮稳定性测定方法:GB/T19136—2003[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2003.Testing method for the storage stability at elevated temperature of pesticides:GB/T 19136—2003[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2003.
[16]朱昶,韩群琦,陈安良.松脂二烯在植物叶片表面的成膜性能[J].农药学学报,2018,20(4):523-528.ZHU C,HAN Q Q,CHEN A L.Film-forming properties of pinolene on leaf surface[J].Chin J Pestic Sci,2018,20(4):523-528.
[17]王玲萍.松墨天牛生物学特性的研究[J].福建林业科技,200431(3):23-26.WANG L P.Study on the biological characteristic of Monochamus alternatus Hope[J].J Fujian For Sci Technol,2004,31(3):23-26.
[18]黄金水,汤陈生,宋惠芬,等.厦门市松墨天牛生物学特性.I:生活史[J].华东昆虫学报,2005,14(2):118-121.HUANG J S, TANG C S,SONG H F,et al.The biological characteristic of Monochamus alternatus in Xiamen city.I:life history[J].Entomol J East China,2005,14(2):118-121.
[19]KURODA K.Mechanism of cavitation development in the pine wilt disease[J].Forest Pathol,1991,21(2):82-89.
[20]刘红梅,陈永,钟国华.农药固体剂型研究进展[J].广东化工,2009,36(5):47-49.LIU H M,CHEN Y,ZHONG G H.Research progress of pesticide solid formulation[J].Guangdong Chem Ind,2009,36(5):47-49.
[21]应倩雯,张欣伟,毛杨军,等.20%烯啶虫胺注干可溶粒剂研制及应用[J].农药,2019,58(1):30-32.YING Q W,ZHANG X W,MAO Y J,et al.The development and application of nitenpyram 20%soluble granule for trunk inj ection[J].Agrochemicals,2019,58(1):30-32.
[2]王曦茁,曹业凡,汪来发,等.松材线虫病发生及防控现状[J].环境昆虫学报,2018,40(2):256-267.WANG X Z,CAO Y F,WANG L F,et al.Current status of pine wilt disease and its control status[J].J Environ Entomol,2018,40(2):256-267.
[3]唐光辉,陈安良,冯俊涛,等.树干注药技术研究进展[J].西北林学院学报,2006,21(4):117-120.TANG G H,CHEN A L,FENG J T,et al.Review on trunk injection technique[J].J Northwest For Univ,2006,21(4):117-120.
[4]王慧瑜,赵玉安,贾耀军.树干注射施药技术研究概况[J].农药学学报,2005,7(2):104-108.WANG H Y,ZHAO Y A,JIA Y J.Trunk injection techniques with chemicals[J].Chin J Pestic Sci,2005,7(2):104-108.
[5]王龙龙,刘钰,崔蕊蕊,等.甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐研究开发现状与展望[J].农药,2015,54(6):394-399.WANG L L,LIU Y,CUI R R,et al.Research status and prospects of emamectin benzoate[J].Agrochemicals,2015,54(6):394-399.
[6]艾辉建,刘志明,黄金玲,等.几种杀线剂对南方根结线虫的田间药效试验[J].南方农业学报,2012,43(7):961-964.AI H J,LIU Z M,HUANG J L,et al.Field control efficacy trials of several nematicides on southern root-knot nematode[J].J South Agric,2012,43(7):961-964.
[7]刘奎,唐良德,李鹏,等.几种杀虫剂对豆大蓟马的毒力测定及复配增效作用[J].热带作物学报,2014,35(8):1615-1618.LIU K,TANG L D,LI P,et al.Toxocity and synergistic effect of the complex formulation of several insecticides to megalurothrips usitatus(bagnall)[J].Chin J Trop Crop,2014,35(8):1615-1618.
[8]TAKAI K,SOEJIMA T,SUZUKI T,et al.Emamectin benzoate as a candidate for a trunk-injection agent against the pine wood nematode,Bursaphelenchus xylophilus[J].Pest Manag Sci,2000,56(10):937-941.
[9]TAKAI K,SOEJIMA T,SUZUKI T,et al.Development of a watersoluble preparation of emamectin benzoate and its preventative effect against the wilting of pot-grown pine trees inoculated with the pine wood nematode,Bursaphelenchus xylophilus[J].Pest Manag Sci,2001,57(5):463-466.
[10]TAKAI K,SUZUKI T,KAWAZU K.Development and preventative effect against pine wilt disease of a novel liquid formulation of emamectin benzoate[J].Pest Manag Sci,2003,59(3):365-370.
[11]潘伟华,吴继来,贾进伟,等.甲维盐注干施用对松材线虫病的防治效果分析[J].中国森林病虫,2014,33(6):41-44.PAN W H,WU J L,JIA J W,et al.Control effect of trunk injection of emamectin benzoate against pine wilt disease[J].Forest Pest and Disease,2014,33(6):41-44.
[12]魏方林,魏晓林,刘迎,等.农药新剂型:微乳粒剂配制的可行性研究[J].农药学学报,2011,13(3):319-326.WEI F L,WEI X L,LIU Y,et al.Feasibility study on preparing a novel pesticide formulation:micro-emulsifiable granule[J].Chin J Pestic Sci,2011,13(3):319-326.
[13]农药乳液稳定性测定方法:GB/T 1603—2001[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2002.Determination method of emulsion stability for pesticides:GB/T 1603—2001[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2002.
[14]农药pH值测定方法:GB/T1601—1993[S].北京:中国标准出版社,1994.Determination method of pH value for pesticides:GB/T 1601—1993[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,1994.
[15]农药热贮稳定性测定方法:GB/T19136—2003[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2003.Testing method for the storage stability at elevated temperature of pesticides:GB/T 19136—2003[S].Beijing:Standards Press of China,2003.
[16]朱昶,韩群琦,陈安良.松脂二烯在植物叶片表面的成膜性能[J].农药学学报,2018,20(4):523-528.ZHU C,HAN Q Q,CHEN A L.Film-forming properties of pinolene on leaf surface[J].Chin J Pestic Sci,2018,20(4):523-528.
[17]王玲萍.松墨天牛生物学特性的研究[J].福建林业科技,200431(3):23-26.WANG L P.Study on the biological characteristic of Monochamus alternatus Hope[J].J Fujian For Sci Technol,2004,31(3):23-26.
[18]黄金水,汤陈生,宋惠芬,等.厦门市松墨天牛生物学特性.I:生活史[J].华东昆虫学报,2005,14(2):118-121.HUANG J S, TANG C S,SONG H F,et al.The biological characteristic of Monochamus alternatus in Xiamen city.I:life history[J].Entomol J East China,2005,14(2):118-121.
[19]KURODA K.Mechanism of cavitation development in the pine wilt disease[J].Forest Pathol,1991,21(2):82-89.
[20]刘红梅,陈永,钟国华.农药固体剂型研究进展[J].广东化工,2009,36(5):47-49.LIU H M,CHEN Y,ZHONG G H.Research progress of pesticide solid formulation[J].Guangdong Chem Ind,2009,36(5):47-49.
[21]应倩雯,张欣伟,毛杨军,等.20%烯啶虫胺注干可溶粒剂研制及应用[J].农药,2019,58(1):30-32.YING Q W,ZHANG X W,MAO Y J,et al.The development and application of nitenpyram 20%soluble granule for trunk inj ection[J].Agrochemicals,2019,58(1):30-32.