基于液晶相控阵的光束偏转控制方法研究
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摘要
液晶相控阵作为一种新型的可编程相位调制器件,可实现小角度范围内的光束偏转。但由于液晶相控阵制作工艺难度大、且受温度及大气扰动等影响,使得光束偏转系统实际偏转角与预期偏转角之间存在一定误差。为了提高液晶相控阵光束偏转精度,本文提出了一种基于分数阶PI~λD~μ控制器的光束偏转闭环控制回路。CCD作为探测元件,接收待测物体漫反射回来的光。采用斜射式三角测量法,计算预期偏转角与实际偏转角的偏转误差。将误差信号输入到分数阶PI~λD~μ控制器,控制器生成控制信号传给被控对象液晶相控阵,最终实现光束精确偏转。经仿真实验和性能分析,系统阶跃响应测试经过2步迭代达到稳定输出状态,闭环带宽为7.67rad/s,对幅值为1、频率为1的正弦扰动信号系统抑制比为-18.06dB。验证了分数阶PI~λD~μ控制算法能够快速地抑制扰动和噪声,且扰动抑制效果好,稳定性高。
As a novel programmable phase modulation device,the liquid crystal phased array can realize beam deflection in a small angle range.However,due to the influence of manufacturing process,temperature and atmospheric disturbances,there is a certain error between the actual and the expected deflection angle of the beam deflection system.In order to make beam deflection more accurate,this paper proposes a closed-loop control loop for beam deflection based on fractional-order-controller.As the detection element,CCD receives the light diffusely reflected from measured object,adopting oblique triangulation to calculate the deflection error between the expected and the actual deflection angle.Then the error signal is transmitted to controller,the generated control signal will be sent to the controlled object-liquid crystal phased array,to achieve accurate beam deflection.Through simulation experiments and performance analysis,the system step response test reach a steady output state after two iterations.The closed-loop bandwidth is 7.67 rad/s,the suppression ratio of thesinusoidal disturbance signal system with amplitude 1 and frequency 1 is -18.06 dB.It is verified that the fractional-order-control algorithm can quickly suppress the disturbance and noise,furtherly,the disturbance suppression effect is good and the stability is high.
As a novel programmable phase modulation device,the liquid crystal phased array can realize beam deflection in a small angle range.However,due to the influence of manufacturing process,temperature and atmospheric disturbances,there is a certain error between the actual and the expected deflection angle of the beam deflection system.In order to make beam deflection more accurate,this paper proposes a closed-loop control loop for beam deflection based on fractional-order-controller.As the detection element,CCD receives the light diffusely reflected from measured object,adopting oblique triangulation to calculate the deflection error between the expected and the actual deflection angle.Then the error signal is transmitted to controller,the generated control signal will be sent to the controlled object-liquid crystal phased array,to achieve accurate beam deflection.Through simulation experiments and performance analysis,the system step response test reach a steady output state after two iterations.The closed-loop bandwidth is 7.67 rad/s,the suppression ratio of thesinusoidal disturbance signal system with amplitude 1 and frequency 1 is -18.06 dB.It is verified that the fractional-order-control algorithm can quickly suppress the disturbance and noise,furtherly,the disturbance suppression effect is good and the stability is high.
引文
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[2]HANDS P I W,TATAKOVA S A,KIRBY A K,et al.Modal liquid crystal devices in optical tweezing:3Dcontrol and oscillating potential wells[J].Optics Express,2006,14(10):4525-4537.
[3]孔令讲,朱颖,宋艳,等.基于非周期闪耀光栅的液晶相控阵波控方法研究[J].光学学报,2011,31(1):0123001.KONG L J,ZHU Y,SONG Y,et al.A beam steering approach of liquid crystal phased array based on nonperiodic blazed grating[J].Acta Optica Sinica,2011,31(1):0123001.(in Chinese)
[4]梁涛年.分数阶PID控制器及参数不确定分数阶系统稳定域分析[D].西安:西安电子科技大学,2011.LIANG T N.Fractional order PID controllers and analysis of stability region for fractional order systems with uncertain parameters[D].Xi’an:Xidian University,2011.(in Chinese)
[5]汪相如,贺晓娴,方琳,等.傅立叶1/4波片法检测液晶光学相控阵移相量的精度分析[J].液晶与显示,2017,32(1):7-12.WANG X R,HE X X,FANG L,et al.Precision analysis on the phase delay measurement method of Fourier quarter-wave-plate on liquid crystal optical phased array[J].Chinese Journal of Liquid Crystal and Displays,2017,32(1):7-12.(in Chinese)
[6]郁道银,谈恒英.工程光学[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2006:362-363.YU D Y,TAN H Y.Engineering Optics[M].Beijing:China Machine Press,2006:362-363.(in Chinese)
[7]乔天元.液晶相控阵成像激光雷达精度的研究[D].哈尔滨:哈尔滨工业大学,2014.QIAO T Y.Research on accuracy of liquid-crystal optical phased array imaging laser radar[D].Harbin:Harbin Institute of Technology,2014.(in Chinese)
[8]刘伯晗,张健,吴丽莹.液晶空间光调制器的纯相位调制特性研究[J].光学精密工程,2006,14(2):213-217.LIU B H,ZHANG J,WU L Y.Research of the phase-only modulation characterization of a liquid crystal spatial light modulator[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2006,14(2):213-217.(in Chinese)
[9]章大勇,吴文启,吴美平.机载激光雷达系统标定方法[J].光学精密工程,2009,17(11):2806-2813.ZHANG D Y,WU W Q,WU M P.Calibration technology of airborne lidar[J].Optics and Precision Engineering,2009,17(11):2806-2813.(in Chinese)
[10]冯金城.高精度实时激光三角测距系统设计[D].南京:南京理工大学,2008.FENG J C.The design of a real-time and high-precision laser triangulation system[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Science and Technology,2008.(in Chinese)
[11]许剑华,汪相如,黄子强,等.基于液晶光学相控阵的空间激光通信PID跟踪方法[J].激光与光电子学进展,2017,54(2):021202.XU J H,WANG X R,HUANG Z Q,et al.PID tracking method of space laser communication based on liquid crystal optical phased array[J].Laser and Optoelectronics Progress,2017,54(2):021202.(in Chinese)
[12]肖文奔.基于液晶光学相控阵的光束偏转控制技术研究[D].成都:中国科学院大学,2013.XIAO W B.Research on beam deflection control technology based on liquid crystal optical phased array[D].Chengdu:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2013.(in Chinese)
[13]TANG T,HUANG Y M,LIU S Y,et al.Acceleration feedback of a CCD-based tracking loop for fast steering mirror[J].Optical Engineering,2009,48(1):013001.
[14]杜升平.应用于空间光通信的液晶光束偏转技术研究[D].成都:中国科学院大学,2017.DU S P.Research on liquid crystal beam deflection for space optical communication[D].Chengdu:University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,2017.(in Chinese)
[15]高振兴.复杂大气扰动下大型飞机飞行实时仿真建模研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2009.GAO Z X.Research on real-time flight simulation of large aircraft in complex atmospheric disturbance[D].Nanjing:Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics,2009.(in Chinese)
[16]ELLIS G.控制系统设计指南[M].刘君华,汤晓君,译.3版.北京:电子工业出版社,2006.ELLIS G.Control System Design Guide[M].LIU J H,TANG X J,trans.3rd ed.Beijing:Electronic Industry Press,2006.(in Chinese)