一种快速高分辨率的VCO频率校准技术
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摘要
为了在不影响校准分辨率的情况下减小压控振荡器的频率校准时间,提出了一种拥有混合校准过程的频率校准技术.该校准技术先利用相对频率比较方法来检测和减小当前频率子带与目标频率的偏移量,当频率子带靠近目标频率时,再使用频率误差检测方法获得高精度的校准分辨率.凭借着快速相对频率比较过程和高精度频率误差检测过程,压控振荡器获得2MHz校准分辨率所需的时间仅为2.77μs.与传统频率误差检测技术相比,在相同校准分辨率的情况下,该技术的校准时间减少了31%.此外,该校准技术适用于多位宽开关电容阵列的分数频率综合器.
A frequency calibration technique with the hybrid calibration process is proposed to reduce the calibration time of the voltage-controlled oscillator(VCO)and maintain the fine calibration resolution.The calibration technique begins by employing the relative frequency comparison method to discern and decrease the difference between the frequency tuning curve and the target frequency.When the frequency tuning curve is close to the target frequency,the calibration technique changes to utilize the frequency error detection method to achieve a fine calibration resolution.With the fast relative frequency comparison process and the high-accuracy frequency error detection process,the calibration time for a frequency resolution of 2 MHz is only 2.77μs.Compared to the conventional binary searcher process by only employing the frequency error detection method,the proposed technique saves 31% of the calibration time under the same calibration resolution.Furthermore,this calibration technique is suitable for the wideband fractional-N frequency synthesizer.
A frequency calibration technique with the hybrid calibration process is proposed to reduce the calibration time of the voltage-controlled oscillator(VCO)and maintain the fine calibration resolution.The calibration technique begins by employing the relative frequency comparison method to discern and decrease the difference between the frequency tuning curve and the target frequency.When the frequency tuning curve is close to the target frequency,the calibration technique changes to utilize the frequency error detection method to achieve a fine calibration resolution.With the fast relative frequency comparison process and the high-accuracy frequency error detection process,the calibration time for a frequency resolution of 2 MHz is only 2.77μs.Compared to the conventional binary searcher process by only employing the frequency error detection method,the proposed technique saves 31% of the calibration time under the same calibration resolution.Furthermore,this calibration technique is suitable for the wideband fractional-N frequency synthesizer.
引文
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[11]ZHANG H,XUE P,HONG Z.A 4.6~5.6GHz Constant KVCO Low Phase Noise LC-VCO and an Optimized Automatic Frequency Calibrator Applied in PLL Frequency Synthesizer[C]//Proceedings of the 2017 43rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society.Piscataway:IEEE,2017:8337-8342.
[12]WANG S,CHAWLA V,HA D S,et al.Low-voltage Low-power 1.6GHz Quadrature Signal Generation through Stacking a Transformer-based VCO and a Divide-by-two[J].IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I:Regular Papers,2012,59(12):2901-2910.
[13]LI W,CHENG K K M.A Novel,Low-voltage,Current Reused,Quadrature VCO and Divide-by-4Frequency Divider Circuit[J].IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters,2013,23(2):87-89.
[2]ZHOU B,CHIANG P.Short-range Low-data-rate FM-UWB Transceivers:Overview,Analysis,and Design[J].IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I:Regular Papers,2016,63(3):423-435.
[3]LEE H,CHO J K,LEE K S,et al.AΣΔFractional-N Frequency Synthesizer Using a Wide-band Integrated VCO and a Fast AFCt Technique for GSM/GPRS/WCDMA Applications[J].IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,2004,39(7):1164-1169.
[4]MARUTANI M,ANBUTSU H,KONDO M,et al.An 18mW 90to 770MHz Synthesizer with Agile Auto-tuning for Digital TV-tuners[C]//Proceedings of the 2006IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference.Piscataway:IEEE,2006:681-690.
[5]冯焱,罗阳,陈贵灿.具有稳定环路带宽功能的多模分数频率综合器[J].西安电子科技大学学报,2013,40(5):119-123.FENG Yan,LUO Yang,CHEN Guican.Multi-mode Fractional-N Synthesizer with a Stabilized Loop Bandwidth[J].Journal of Xidian University,2013,40(5):119-123.
[6]LEE D S,JANG J H,PARK H G,et al.A Wide-locking-range Dual Injection-locked Frequency Divider with an Automatic Frequency Calibration Loop in 65-nm CMOS[J].IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II:Express Briefs,2015,62(4):327-331.
[7]YANG C,GAO S,DONG J,et al.A 2.4GHz Two-pointΔΣModulator with Gain Calibration and AFC for WPAN/BAN Applications[C]//Proceedings of 2015IEEE 11th International Conference on ASIC.Piscataway:IEEE,2016:1-4.
[8]RYU H,SUNG E T,PARK S,et al.Fast Automatic Frequency Calibrator Using an Adaptive Frequency Search Algorithm[J].IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration Systems,2017,25(4):1490-1496.
[9]SHIN J,SHIN H.A Fast and High-precision VCO Frequency Calibration Technique for WidebandΔΣFractional-N Frequency Synthesizers[J].IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I:Regular Papers,2010,57(7):1573-1582.
[10]SHIN J,SHIN H.A 1.9~3.8GHzΔΣFRACTIONAL-N PLL Frequency Synthesizer with Fast Auto-calibration of Loop Bandwidth and VCO Frequency[J].IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits,2012,47(3):665-675.
[11]ZHANG H,XUE P,HONG Z.A 4.6~5.6GHz Constant KVCO Low Phase Noise LC-VCO and an Optimized Automatic Frequency Calibrator Applied in PLL Frequency Synthesizer[C]//Proceedings of the 2017 43rd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society.Piscataway:IEEE,2017:8337-8342.
[12]WANG S,CHAWLA V,HA D S,et al.Low-voltage Low-power 1.6GHz Quadrature Signal Generation through Stacking a Transformer-based VCO and a Divide-by-two[J].IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I:Regular Papers,2012,59(12):2901-2910.
[13]LI W,CHENG K K M.A Novel,Low-voltage,Current Reused,Quadrature VCO and Divide-by-4Frequency Divider Circuit[J].IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters,2013,23(2):87-89.