花生除杂(清选)分级机的设计与研究
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摘要
在花生的生产工作中,花生荚果的除杂与分级是一项重要的产后处理工作。为此,针对目前我国对花生除杂和分级机械研究缺乏的现状,设计了一种花生除杂(清选)分级机。工作时,采用基于重力和外形特点的花生荚果除杂(清选)技术与花生荚果分级技术,使其除杂分级后的花生荚果不仅除去了花生中的有机杂质和无机杂质,而且得到了不同尺寸的花生果。试验表明:当花生喂入量为1 000kg/h、风机风速为6～7m/s、除杂筛与水平夹角为24°～25°、导向螺旋螺距为160mm、分级筛筒转速为35r/min时,除杂和分级效果最佳,总体获得最优的结构参数配比。
In the production of peanuts,the removal and grading of peanut pod is an important postpartum treatment. In view of the lack of research on peanut removal and classification of peanuts in China,a peanut removal( cleaning) classifier is designed,and the technology of removing impurity( cleaning) and grading of peanut pods based on the characteristics of gravity and shape is adopted to make peanut pods except for the removal of the organic impurities in peanuts.Organic matter and inorganic impurities,and peanut fruits of different sizes were obtained. It is proved by the test that when the feeding amount of the peanut is 1000 kg/h,the wind speed of the fan is 6 ～ 7 m/s,the angle of the mixed screen and the horizontal angle is 24 ～ 25 degrees,the guide spiral pitch is 160 mm and the grading screen barrel speed is35 r/min,the best structure parameter ratio is obtained.
In the production of peanuts,the removal and grading of peanut pod is an important postpartum treatment. In view of the lack of research on peanut removal and classification of peanuts in China,a peanut removal( cleaning) classifier is designed,and the technology of removing impurity( cleaning) and grading of peanut pods based on the characteristics of gravity and shape is adopted to make peanut pods except for the removal of the organic impurities in peanuts.Organic matter and inorganic impurities,and peanut fruits of different sizes were obtained. It is proved by the test that when the feeding amount of the peanut is 1000 kg/h,the wind speed of the fan is 6 ～ 7 m/s,the angle of the mixed screen and the horizontal angle is 24 ～ 25 degrees,the guide spiral pitch is 160 mm and the grading screen barrel speed is35 r/min,the best structure parameter ratio is obtained.
引文
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[9]侯守印,陈海涛.立式轴流大豆育种脱粒机参数优化[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(5):19-25.
[10]王成军.典型农业物料在三维并联振动筛中的筛分理论与试验[D].镇江:江苏大学,2012.
[11]原富林,聂运强,张法行,等.小麦联合收获机精选清理系统的技术研究及应用[J].中国农机化学报,2015(1):177-180.
[12]李骅.风筛式清选装置设计理论与方法研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2012.
[2]尚书旗,杨然兵,殷元元,等.国际田间试验机械的发展现状及展望[J].农业工程学报,2010(S1):5-8.
[3]王东伟.花生联合收获机关键装置的研究[D].沈阳:沈阳农业大学,2013.
[4]薛然,谢焕雄.花生荚果分级机械研究现状与发展建议[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(9):426-428.
[5]赵荣东.发展花生收获机械迫在眉睫[J].农业机械,2004,9(4):4-5.
[6]李耀明,赵湛,陈进,等.风筛式清选装置上物料的非线性运动规律[J].农业工程学报,2007(11):142-147.
[7]成芳,王俊.风筛式清选装置主要参数的试验研究[J].农业工程学报,2007(11):142-147.
[8]李宝筏.农业机械学[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2014:207-209.
[9]侯守印,陈海涛.立式轴流大豆育种脱粒机参数优化[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(5):19-25.
[10]王成军.典型农业物料在三维并联振动筛中的筛分理论与试验[D].镇江:江苏大学,2012.
[11]原富林,聂运强,张法行,等.小麦联合收获机精选清理系统的技术研究及应用[J].中国农机化学报,2015(1):177-180.
[12]李骅.风筛式清选装置设计理论与方法研究[D].南京:南京农业大学,2012.