振动荷载作用下浸水过程对重载铁路基床变形特性影响研究
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摘要
降雨与列车振动荷载相互作用易引起基床不均匀沉降,分析动力作用下不同浸水过程对土体变形特性的影响有利于评价重载列车扩能改造后基床的平顺性。利用动三轴仪,进行了不同浸水过程的动三轴试验,分析浸水过程对湿化变形、滞回曲线以及软化指数的影响。结果表明:浸水过程对于湿化变形有显著影响,前期浸水基床扩能改造后湿化变形较大但稳定较快,前期未浸水基床扩能改造后湿化变形趋势较大,不易达到稳定状态;前期未浸水基床在扩能改造后软化指数下降较快,土体软化趋势较大,浸水基床在扩能改造后软化指数很快趋于稳定,软化趋势不明显;在相同的浸水过程下,湿化变形随轴重的增加而增加,轴重在超过30 t后,湿化变形将是影响路基平顺性的控制因素。
The interaction between rainfall and train vibration load is easy to cause uneven settlement of subgrade.Analyzing effects of different soaking processes on deformation characteristics of soil is beneficial to evaluate the ride comfort of subgrade after heavy haul train capacity expansion transformation. The dynamic tri-axis instrument was used to conduct tri-axis tests of different soaking processes to analyze effects of soaking process on wetting deformation,hysteretic curve and softening index. The results showed that soaking process significantly affects wetting deformation,and wetting deformation is larger,but it is faster to be stable after the capacity expansion of the soaking bed in the early stage,while the changing trend of wetting deformation is larger,but it is hard to reach a stable state after the capacity expansion of the unflooded bed in the early stage; the softening index drops faster and the soil softening tendency is larger after the capacity expansion of the unflooded bed in the early stage; the softening index quickly tends to be stable and the soil softening tendency is not obvious after the capacity expansion of the soaking bed in the early stage; under the same soaking process,wetting deformation increases with increase in axle load; when the axle load is more than 30 t,wetting deformation is a control factor to affect subgrade's ride comfort.
The interaction between rainfall and train vibration load is easy to cause uneven settlement of subgrade.Analyzing effects of different soaking processes on deformation characteristics of soil is beneficial to evaluate the ride comfort of subgrade after heavy haul train capacity expansion transformation. The dynamic tri-axis instrument was used to conduct tri-axis tests of different soaking processes to analyze effects of soaking process on wetting deformation,hysteretic curve and softening index. The results showed that soaking process significantly affects wetting deformation,and wetting deformation is larger,but it is faster to be stable after the capacity expansion of the soaking bed in the early stage,while the changing trend of wetting deformation is larger,but it is hard to reach a stable state after the capacity expansion of the unflooded bed in the early stage; the softening index drops faster and the soil softening tendency is larger after the capacity expansion of the unflooded bed in the early stage; the softening index quickly tends to be stable and the soil softening tendency is not obvious after the capacity expansion of the soaking bed in the early stage; under the same soaking process,wetting deformation increases with increase in axle load; when the axle load is more than 30 t,wetting deformation is a control factor to affect subgrade's ride comfort.
引文
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[19]尹松,孔令伟,杨爱武,等.循环振动作用下残积土动力变形特性试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2017,36(11):224-231.YIN Song,KONG Lingwei,YANG Aiwu,et al.Tests for dynamic deformation characteristics of residual soil under cyclic loading[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2017,36(11):224-231.
[20]冯怀平,王志鹏,常建梅,等.重载铁路基床动力湿化特性试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2015,48(增刊2):236-240.FENG Huaiping,WANG Zhipeng,CHANG Jianmei,et al.Experimental study on dynamic slaking deformation characteristics of heavy haul railway subgrade soil[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2015,48(Sup2):236-240.
[21]苗雷强.重载铁路路基湿化动力特性试验研究[D].石家庄:石家庄铁道大学,2014.
[22]IDRISS I M,DOBRY R,SINGH R D.Nonlinear behavior of soft clays during cyclic loading[J].Journal of Soil Mechanics and Foundation,1978,104(12):1427-1447.
[23]周建,龚晓南.循环荷载作用下饱和软黏土应变软化研究[J].土木工程学报,2000,33(5):75-82.ZHOU Jian,GONG Xiaonan.Study on strain soften in saturated soft clay under cyclic loading[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2000,33(5):75-82.
[24]龙尧,张家生,丁建源,等.粗粒土路基循环荷载试验及累积变形模型研究[J].振动与冲击,2017,36(16):128-133.LONG Yao,ZHANG Jiasheng,DING Jianyuan,et al.The cyclic load experiments and an accumulated deformation model for coarse-grained soil filling[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2017,36(16):128-133.
[25]MATASOVIC N,VUCETIC M.Generalized cyclicdegradation-pore-pressure generation model for clay[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1995,121(1):33-42.
[26]蔡袁强,刘伟,徐长节,等.基于修正Iwan模型的软黏土动应力-应变关系研究[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(9):1314-1319.CAI Yuanqiang,LIU Wei,XU Changjie,et al.Study on dynamic stress-strain relationship of soft clay based on modified Iwan’s model under undrained cyclic loading[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2007,29(9):1314-1319.
[2]魏松,朱俊高.粗粒土料湿化变形三轴试验研究[J].岩土力学,2007,28(8):1609-1614.WEI Song,ZHU Jungao.Study of wetting behavior of coarse grained soil in triaxial test[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2007,28(8):1609-1614.
[3]刘翔,陈兴国,孙甜.花岗岩全风化土湿化变形及强度的试验研究[J].岩土力学,2012,33(11):3313-3317.LIU Xiang,CHEN Xingguo,SUN Tian.Experimental research on wetting deformation and strength of weathered granite[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2012,33(11):3313-3317.
[4]柏树田,周晓光,晁华怡.软岩堆石料的物理力学性质,水力发电学报,2002,18(4):34-44.BO Shutian,ZHOU Xiaoguang,CHAO Huayi.Physical and mechanical properties of the soft rock of rockfill[J].Journal of Hydroelectric Engineering,2004,18(4):34-44.
[5]李鹏,李振,刘金禹.粗粒料的大型高压三轴湿化试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2004,23(2):231-234.LI Peng,LI Zhen,LIU Jinyu.Slaking test of coarse aggregate under high triaxial stress condition[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2004,23(2):231-234.
[6]刘新喜,夏元友,刘祖德,等.复杂应力下强风化软岩湿化变形试验研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2006,25(5):925-930.LIU Xinxi,XIA Yuanyou,LIU Zude,et al.Study of suitability for embankment of highly weathered soft rock subgrade[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2006,25(5):925-930.
[7]朱文君,张宗亮,袁友仁,等.粗粒料单向压缩湿化变形试验研究[J].水利水运工程学报,2009(3):99-102.ZHU Wenjun,ZHANG Zongliang,YUAN Youren,et al.Study on wetting deformation behavior of coarse-grained materials under axial compression condition[J].HydroScience and Engineering,2009(3):99-102.
[8]傅华,韩华强,赵晓菊.堆石料湿化变形特性试验研究[J].水利与建筑工程学报,2010,8(4):50-53.FU Hua,HAN Huaqiang,ZHAO Xiaoju.Experimental study on slaking deformation properties of rockfill[J].Journal of Water Resources and Architecture Engineering,2010,8(4):50-53.
[9]熊兵,胡小明.黄土湿化特性的三轴试验研究[J].铁道工程学报,2007,21(6):23-27.XIONG Bing,HU Xiaoming.The triaxial test study of loess wetting properties[J].Journal of Railway Engineering Society,2007,21(6):23-27.
[10]关亮,陈正汉,黄雪峰.非饱和填土(黄土)的湿化变形研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2011,30(8):1698-1704.GUAN Liang,CHEN Zhenghan,HUANG Xuefeng.Study of wetting deformation of unsaturated remolded loess[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2011,30(8):1698-1704.
[11]韦慧,曾胜,赵健,等.路用红砂岩碎石土湿化变形特性试验[J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2015,46(6):2261-2266.WEI Hui,ZENG Sheng,ZHAO Jian,et al.Test on wetting deformation of red sandstone gravel soil in filled subgrade[J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2015,46(6):2261-2266.
[12]谈云志,孔令伟,郭爱国.压实红黏土的湿化变形实验研究[J].岩土工程学报,2011,33(3):483-489.TAN Yunzhi,KONG Lingwei,GUO Aiguo.Experimental study on wetting deformation of compacted laterite[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2011,33(3):483-489.
[13]朱元青,陈正汉.研究黄土湿陷性的新方法[J].岩土工程学报,2008,30(4):524-528.ZHU Yuanqing,CHEN Zhenghan.A new methods for research of collapsibility of loess[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2008,30(4):524-528.
[14]毛雪松,郑小忠,马骉,等.风化千枚岩填筑路基湿化变形现场试验分析[J].岩土力学,2011,32(8):2300-2306.MAO Xuesong,ZHENG Xiaozhong,MA Biao,et al.Field experimental analysis of wetting deformation of filled subgrade with weathered phyllite[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2011,32(8):2300-2306.
[15]刘萌成,谢波,高玉峰,等.长期循环荷载作用下路基土累积残余变形模拟[J].土木工程学报,2013,46(10):135-142.LIU Mengcheng,XIE Bo,GAO Yufeng,et al.Modeling of cumulative residual deformation of subgrade soils under longterm cyclic loading[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2013,46(10):135-142.
[16]张向东,刘家顺,张虎伟.循环荷载作用下软土动力特性试验研究[J].公路交通科技,2014,31(5):1-20.ZHANG Xiangdong,LIU Jiashun,ZHANG Huwei.Experimental study on dynamic characteristic of soft soil under cyclic loading[J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2014,31(5):1-20.
[17]冷伍明,周文权,聂如松,等.重载铁路粗粒土填料动力特性及累积变形分析[J].岩土力学,2016,37(3):728-736.LENG Wuming,ZHOU Wenquan,NIE Rusong,et al.Characteristics and accumulative deformation of coarse-grained soil filling of heavy-haul railway[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2016,37(3):728-736.
[18]冷伍明,刘文劼,周文权.振动荷载作用下重载铁路路基粗颗粒土填料临界动应力试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2015,34(16):25-30.LENG Wuming,LIU Wenjie,ZHOU Wenquan.Testing research on critical cyclical stress of coarse-grained soil filling in heavy haul railway subgrade[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2015,34(16):25-30.
[19]尹松,孔令伟,杨爱武,等.循环振动作用下残积土动力变形特性试验研究[J].振动与冲击,2017,36(11):224-231.YIN Song,KONG Lingwei,YANG Aiwu,et al.Tests for dynamic deformation characteristics of residual soil under cyclic loading[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2017,36(11):224-231.
[20]冯怀平,王志鹏,常建梅,等.重载铁路基床动力湿化特性试验研究[J].土木工程学报,2015,48(增刊2):236-240.FENG Huaiping,WANG Zhipeng,CHANG Jianmei,et al.Experimental study on dynamic slaking deformation characteristics of heavy haul railway subgrade soil[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2015,48(Sup2):236-240.
[21]苗雷强.重载铁路路基湿化动力特性试验研究[D].石家庄:石家庄铁道大学,2014.
[22]IDRISS I M,DOBRY R,SINGH R D.Nonlinear behavior of soft clays during cyclic loading[J].Journal of Soil Mechanics and Foundation,1978,104(12):1427-1447.
[23]周建,龚晓南.循环荷载作用下饱和软黏土应变软化研究[J].土木工程学报,2000,33(5):75-82.ZHOU Jian,GONG Xiaonan.Study on strain soften in saturated soft clay under cyclic loading[J].China Civil Engineering Journal,2000,33(5):75-82.
[24]龙尧,张家生,丁建源,等.粗粒土路基循环荷载试验及累积变形模型研究[J].振动与冲击,2017,36(16):128-133.LONG Yao,ZHANG Jiasheng,DING Jianyuan,et al.The cyclic load experiments and an accumulated deformation model for coarse-grained soil filling[J].Journal of Vibration and Shock,2017,36(16):128-133.
[25]MATASOVIC N,VUCETIC M.Generalized cyclicdegradation-pore-pressure generation model for clay[J].Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,1995,121(1):33-42.
[26]蔡袁强,刘伟,徐长节,等.基于修正Iwan模型的软黏土动应力-应变关系研究[J].岩土工程学报,2007,29(9):1314-1319.CAI Yuanqiang,LIU Wei,XU Changjie,et al.Study on dynamic stress-strain relationship of soft clay based on modified Iwan’s model under undrained cyclic loading[J].Chinese Journal of Geotechnical Engineering,2007,29(9):1314-1319.