心理危机脆弱性在大学生生活事件应激与心理危机间的作用
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摘要
目的探究心理危机脆弱性在大学生生活事件应激与心理危机之间的中介效应,为预防大学生心理危机提供理论依据。方法采用按年级分层整群抽样方法,对潍坊医学院3 584名大学生进行青少年生活事件量表、心理危机脆弱性量表、大学生心理危机表现的问卷调查,AMOS 23.0进行统计分析。结果生活事件、心理危机脆弱性和心理危机表现的总分分别为(36.53±8.58)(54.21±11.80)(26.33±39.72)分;生活事件总分与心理危机表现得分呈正相关(r=0.54,P<0.05),与心理危机脆弱性总分呈正相关(r=0.30,P<0.05);心理危机脆弱性总分与心理危机表现得分呈正相关(r=0.37,P<0.05)。心理危机脆弱性在生活事件与心理危机间起到部分中介作用,部分中介效应为0.10,占总效应的15.13%。结论生活事件既可以对大学生心理危机产生直接作用,又可通过心理危机脆弱性水平间接作用于心理危机。
Objective To explore the psychological vulnerability in the relationship between stressful life events and psychological crisis, and to provide basis for psychological crisis prevention among college students. Methods With stratified cluster sampling,3584 students in Weifang Medical University and Weifang University were selected for a cross-sectional self-administrated questionnaire survey in December 2017. A self-designed general questionnaire, Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List( ASLEC), psychological vulnerability scale, and psychological crisis performance questionnaire for college students were applied in the survey. Mediating effect was tested by using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0. Results The average score was 36.53±8.58 for life events( ASLEC), 54.21±11.80 for psychological vulnerability,and 26.33±39.72 for psychological crisis performance. The life events score was positively correlated with psychological crisis score( r = 0.54, P< 0.05) and positively correlated with psychological vulnerability score( r = 0.30, P< 0.05); psychological vulnerability score was positively correlated with psychological crisis score( r =0.37, P<0.05). Psychological vulnerability played a partial intermediary role on the relationship between life events and psychological among undergraduates,the effect was 0.10 accounting for 15.13% of the total effect. Conclusion Life events have made a direct influence and an indirect influence mediated by psychological crisis vulnerability on psychological crisis among undergraduates.
Objective To explore the psychological vulnerability in the relationship between stressful life events and psychological crisis, and to provide basis for psychological crisis prevention among college students. Methods With stratified cluster sampling,3584 students in Weifang Medical University and Weifang University were selected for a cross-sectional self-administrated questionnaire survey in December 2017. A self-designed general questionnaire, Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check List( ASLEC), psychological vulnerability scale, and psychological crisis performance questionnaire for college students were applied in the survey. Mediating effect was tested by using SPSS 23.0 and AMOS 23.0. Results The average score was 36.53±8.58 for life events( ASLEC), 54.21±11.80 for psychological vulnerability,and 26.33±39.72 for psychological crisis performance. The life events score was positively correlated with psychological crisis score( r = 0.54, P< 0.05) and positively correlated with psychological vulnerability score( r = 0.30, P< 0.05); psychological vulnerability score was positively correlated with psychological crisis score( r =0.37, P<0.05). Psychological vulnerability played a partial intermediary role on the relationship between life events and psychological among undergraduates,the effect was 0.10 accounting for 15.13% of the total effect. Conclusion Life events have made a direct influence and an indirect influence mediated by psychological crisis vulnerability on psychological crisis among undergraduates.
引文
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[13]杨苗苗.负性生活事件感受对中学生心理韧性与心理健康关系的中介作用[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2016,24(12):1889-1892.
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[15]聂衍刚,李婷,李祖娴.青少年自我意识、生活事件与心理危机特质的关系[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2011,19(4):435-438.
[16]徐明津,冯志远,莫如雯,等.精神信仰对大学生生活事件与心理韧性关系的中介作用[J].现代预防医学,2016,43(7):1250-1252,1260.
[17]朱研,李志平.医学研究生应激与抑郁关系及自我和谐中介作用[J].中国公共卫生,2016,32(6):842-844.
[18]高素华.中国大学生生活事件与心理健康关系的定量综合分析[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(10):1812-1915.
[19]聂衍刚,刘伯兴,梁君倩.青少年大五人格、应对方式与心理危机特质的关系[J].心理科学,2010,33(3):712-714.
[20]刘艳,张莹,史新竹,等.社会心理因素对医学生自杀意念影响[J].中国公共卫生,2014,30(3):269-272.
[21]潘凌理,刘云建,李磊.独立学院大学生心理危机的预警机制研究[J].中国成人教育,2018(2):63-66.
[22]马建青,朱美燕.大学生心理危机及其干预现状的调查分析[J].学校党建与思想教育,2014,23(12):73-75.
[23]陈树,马娟,张瑾,等.某高职院校新生心理健康状况变化分析[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(11):1725-1727.
[2]杨振斌,李焰.大学生非正常死亡现象的分析[J].心理与行为研究,2015,13(5):698-701.
[3]CAPLAN G. The theory and practice of mental health consultation[M].New York:Basic,1970:18-19.
[4]RUCHLEWSKA A,KAMPERMAN A M,VANDER GAAG M,et al.Working alliance in patients with severe mental illness who need a cri-sis intervention plan[J].Commun Ment Health J,2016,52(1):102-108.
[5]于洪苏,赵久波,张小远.生存理由在生活事件与自杀风险的中介及正念调节作用[J].中国公共卫生,2017,33(11):1624-1627.
[6]HIRSH,C R,CLARK D M,MATHEWS.Imagery and interpretations insocial phobia:support for the combined cognitive biases hypothesis[J].Behav Ther,2006,37(3):223-236.
[7]WEINSTEIN A,LEJOYEUX M.Internet addiction or excessive Inter-net use[J].Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse,2010,36(5):277-283.
[8]KWON J H,CHUNG C S,LEE J.The effects of escape from self andinterpersonal relationship on the pathological use of Internet games[J].Commun Ment Health J,2011,47(1):113-121.
[9]刘贤臣,刘连启,杨杰,等.青少年生活事件量表的编制与信效度检验[J].中国临床心理学杂志,1997,5(1):34-36.
[10]郭静,王瑛,季丽丽,等.心理危机脆弱性量表的编制及信效度检验[J].心理与行为研究,2018,16(6):847-853.
[11]赵倩.大学生心理危机表现问卷编制及信效度分析[J].现代预防医学,2016,43(21):3945-3949,3956.
[12]PODSAKOFF P M,MACKENZIE S B,LEE J Y,et al.Common meth-od biases in behavioral research:a critical review of the literature andrecommended remedies[J].J Appl Psychol,2003,88(5):879-903.
[13]杨苗苗.负性生活事件感受对中学生心理韧性与心理健康关系的中介作用[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2016,24(12):1889-1892.
[14]GROVER K E,GREEN K L,PETTIT J W,et al.Problem solving mod-erates the effects of life event stress and chronic stress on suicidal be-haviors in adolescence[J]. J Clin Psychol,2009,65(12):1281-1290.
[15]聂衍刚,李婷,李祖娴.青少年自我意识、生活事件与心理危机特质的关系[J].中国健康心理学杂志,2011,19(4):435-438.
[16]徐明津,冯志远,莫如雯,等.精神信仰对大学生生活事件与心理韧性关系的中介作用[J].现代预防医学,2016,43(7):1250-1252,1260.
[17]朱研,李志平.医学研究生应激与抑郁关系及自我和谐中介作用[J].中国公共卫生,2016,32(6):842-844.
[18]高素华.中国大学生生活事件与心理健康关系的定量综合分析[J].现代预防医学,2018,45(10):1812-1915.
[19]聂衍刚,刘伯兴,梁君倩.青少年大五人格、应对方式与心理危机特质的关系[J].心理科学,2010,33(3):712-714.
[20]刘艳,张莹,史新竹,等.社会心理因素对医学生自杀意念影响[J].中国公共卫生,2014,30(3):269-272.
[21]潘凌理,刘云建,李磊.独立学院大学生心理危机的预警机制研究[J].中国成人教育,2018(2):63-66.
[22]马建青,朱美燕.大学生心理危机及其干预现状的调查分析[J].学校党建与思想教育,2014,23(12):73-75.
[23]陈树,马娟,张瑾,等.某高职院校新生心理健康状况变化分析[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(11):1725-1727.