日本沼虾养殖群体主要形态性状对体质量的通径分析
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摘要
从封闭养殖5代的6月龄日本沼虾群体中随机选取200尾雌虾和70尾雄虾,测定体质量以及全长、体长、头胸甲长、头胸甲宽、头胸甲高、腹部长、第二腹节宽和第二腹节高等表型形态性状,采用相关分析、通径分析和回归分析方法,分析表型形态性状对体质量的影响。结果显示:体质量仍具有最大的选择潜力,雌虾的全长、体长、腹部长等性状和体质量的通径系数达到极显著水平,其中体长对体质量的直接影响和决定程度最大;雄虾的全长、头胸甲高和体质量的通径关系达到极显著水平,全长对体质量的直接影响和决定程度略大于头胸甲高;雌、雄虾所选性状对体质量回归方程的回归关系均达到极显著水平,所选性状与体质量的复相关系数分别为0. 933和0. 930,可见这些性状经过5代封闭养殖后,在雌雄虾中仍是影响体质量的主要自变量指标。
Path analysis was performed on eight morphometric attributes to determine for body mass of Macrobrachium nipponense,which were closed cultured for five years in ponds. The direct and indirect effects of eight attributes included total length,body length,carapace length,carapace width,carapace height,abdomen length,second uromere width and height. Results showed that body mass still had the greatest selection potential. And body mass was significantly correlated with the traits of total length,body length,abdomen length,carapace height and carapace width in female,and with traits of the total length and carapace height in male. Furthermore,body length and total length had substantial direct effects on body mass in female and male respectively. The regression equations were established between the selected traits to body mass for the male and female and the regression coefficient of equations reached the extreme significant level.The multiple correlation coefficients of the five attributes in female prawn and two attributes in male prawn to body mass reached 0. 933 and 0. 930 respectively,which indicated that the selected traits were the main variable index of body mass. Results suggest that body length in female and total length in male are primary selection criteria for improving body mass in M. nipponense.
Path analysis was performed on eight morphometric attributes to determine for body mass of Macrobrachium nipponense,which were closed cultured for five years in ponds. The direct and indirect effects of eight attributes included total length,body length,carapace length,carapace width,carapace height,abdomen length,second uromere width and height. Results showed that body mass still had the greatest selection potential. And body mass was significantly correlated with the traits of total length,body length,abdomen length,carapace height and carapace width in female,and with traits of the total length and carapace height in male. Furthermore,body length and total length had substantial direct effects on body mass in female and male respectively. The regression equations were established between the selected traits to body mass for the male and female and the regression coefficient of equations reached the extreme significant level.The multiple correlation coefficients of the five attributes in female prawn and two attributes in male prawn to body mass reached 0. 933 and 0. 930 respectively,which indicated that the selected traits were the main variable index of body mass. Results suggest that body length in female and total length in male are primary selection criteria for improving body mass in M. nipponense.
引文
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[10]李莉,王雪,菅玉霞,等.不同月龄大泷六线鱼形态性状与体质量的相关性及通径分析[J].上海海洋大学学报,2019,28(1):58-66.LI L,WANG X,JIAN Y X,et al.Correlation and path analysis between morphological traits and body mass of Hexagrammos otakii at different months of age[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2019,28(1):58-66.
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[13]赵晓勤,倪娟,陈立侨,等.日本沼虾4种群的形态差异分析[J].中国水产科学,2006,13(2):224-229.ZHAO X Q,NI J,CHEN L Q,et al.Analysis of morphological variations among four populations of Macrobrachium nipponense[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2006,13(2):224-229.
[14]姜虎成,冯建彬,丁怀宇,等.淮河安徽段日本沼虾野生群体遗传结构的微卫星分析[J].上海海洋大学学报,2012,21(2):167-175.JIANG H C,FENG J B,DING H Y,et al.Genetic structure analysis of natural Macrobrachium nipponense populations in Anhui section of Huaihe River based on microsatellite[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2012,21(2):167-175.
[15]冯建彬,吴春林,马克异,等.太湖日本沼虾野生群体遗传结构的微卫星分析[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(6):1606-1614.FENG J B,WU C L,MA K Y,et al.Genetic structure of wild Macrobrachium nipponense in Taihu Lake based on microsatellite analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2011,22(6):1606-1614.
[16]杨爱辉,陈马康,谭玉钧.青虾生长规律与群体组成的研究[J].湖泊科学,1994,6(4):325-332.YANG A H,CHEN M K,TAN Y J.Study on the growth and population compositions of freshwater shrimp(Macrobrachium nipponense)[J].Journal of Lake Science,1994,6(4):325-332.
[2]吕丁,傅洪拓,乔慧,等.青虾种质资源研究与保护进展[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(11):97-102.LV D,FU H T,QIAO H,et al.Research progress on germplasm resource of Macrobrachium nipponense[J].Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin,2012,28(11):97-102.
[3]Food and Agriculture Organization.Fishery statistics Aquaculture production[R].Roma:FAO yearbook,2016.
[4]刘小林,吴长功,张志怀,等.凡纳对虾形态性状对体重的影响效果分析[J].生态学报,2004,24(4):857-862.LIU X L,WU C G,ZHANG Z H,et al.Mathematical analysis of effects of morphometric attributes on body weight for Penaeus vannamei[J].Acta Ecologica Sinica,2004,24(4):857-862.
[5]安丽,刘萍,李健,等.“黄海1号”中国明对虾形态性状对体质量的影响效果分析[J].中国水产科学,2008,15(5):779-786.AN L,LIU P,LI J,et al.Mathematical analysis of effects of morphometric traits on body weight for Fenneropenaeus chinensis named Yellow Sean No.1[J].Journal of Fishery Science of China,2008,15(5):779-786.
[6]张成松,李富花,相建海.脊尾白虾形态性状对体重影响的通径分析[J].水产学报,2013,37(6):809-815.ZHANG C S,LI F H,XIANG J H,et al.Path analysis of effects of morphometric attributes on body weight of Exopalaemon carinicauda[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2013,37(6):809-815.
[7]JIANG S,ZHOU F L,YANG Q B,et al.Correlation and path coefficient analyses of the morphological characteristics and body weight of Penaeus monodon(Crustacea,Decapoda,Penaeidae)[J].Insights in Aquaculture Biotechnology,2017,1:2.
[8]刘仕鑫,高春霞,田思泉,等.淀山湖秀丽白虾形态性状对体质量的影响效果[J].上海海洋大学学报,2015,24(6):926-933.LIU S X,GAO C X,TIAN S Q,et al.Effect of morphometric traits on body weight for Exopalaemon modestus in Dianshan Lake[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2015,24(6):926-933.
[9]刘峰,楼宝,陈睿毅,等.小黄鱼形态性状与体质量的灰色关联分析[J].上海海洋大学学报,2017,26(1):131-137.LIU F,LOU B,CHEN R Y,et al.Analysis of grey relationship between morphological traits and body weight in the small yellow croaker(Pseudosciaena polyactis)[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2017,26(1):131-137.
[10]李莉,王雪,菅玉霞,等.不同月龄大泷六线鱼形态性状与体质量的相关性及通径分析[J].上海海洋大学学报,2019,28(1):58-66.LI L,WANG X,JIAN Y X,et al.Correlation and path analysis between morphological traits and body mass of Hexagrammos otakii at different months of age[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2019,28(1):58-66.
[11]王志铮,吴一挺,杨磊,等.日本沼虾形态性状对体重的影响效应[J].海洋与湖沼,2011,42(4):612-618.WANG Z Z,WU Y T,YANG L,et al.Effect of phenotypic and morphometric traits on body weight of Macrobrachium nipponense[J].Oceanologia Et Limnologia Sinica,2011,42(4):612-618.
[12]黄有辉,范斌,李一鸣,等.日本沼虾五群体形态性状对体质量的通径分析[J].水产学报,2016,40(8):1173-1185.HUANG Y H,FAN B,LI Y M,et al.Path analysis for the correlations between morphological traits and body weight in five Macrobrachium nipponense populations[J].Journal of Fisheries of China,2016,40(8):1173-1185.
[13]赵晓勤,倪娟,陈立侨,等.日本沼虾4种群的形态差异分析[J].中国水产科学,2006,13(2):224-229.ZHAO X Q,NI J,CHEN L Q,et al.Analysis of morphological variations among four populations of Macrobrachium nipponense[J].Journal of Fishery Sciences of China,2006,13(2):224-229.
[14]姜虎成,冯建彬,丁怀宇,等.淮河安徽段日本沼虾野生群体遗传结构的微卫星分析[J].上海海洋大学学报,2012,21(2):167-175.JIANG H C,FENG J B,DING H Y,et al.Genetic structure analysis of natural Macrobrachium nipponense populations in Anhui section of Huaihe River based on microsatellite[J].Journal of Shanghai Ocean University,2012,21(2):167-175.
[15]冯建彬,吴春林,马克异,等.太湖日本沼虾野生群体遗传结构的微卫星分析[J].应用生态学报,2011,22(6):1606-1614.FENG J B,WU C L,MA K Y,et al.Genetic structure of wild Macrobrachium nipponense in Taihu Lake based on microsatellite analysis[J].Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology,2011,22(6):1606-1614.
[16]杨爱辉,陈马康,谭玉钧.青虾生长规律与群体组成的研究[J].湖泊科学,1994,6(4):325-332.YANG A H,CHEN M K,TAN Y J.Study on the growth and population compositions of freshwater shrimp(Macrobrachium nipponense)[J].Journal of Lake Science,1994,6(4):325-332.