干热岩钻探关键技术探索
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摘要
干热岩是国际公认的高效低碳清洁能源,近年来,随着国家对清洁能源勘探开发的提倡和支持,国内开展了一些干热岩勘探工作。干热岩钻探是前期获取地质资料进行资源量计算及后期开发利用的关键部分。现阶段国内在干热岩钻探工艺技术方面还没有形成体系,大多借用石油钻井行业及地质钻井行业的一些工艺技术,但干热岩钻探钻遇地层温度普遍较高,且大部分孔段均为坚硬的花岗岩地层,因此如何在高温环境下保持钻井液性能,保证其携带岩屑及维护孔壁稳定的功效,在坚硬的花岗岩层中如何提高钻进效率,实现高效钻进,钻遇破碎地层时如何维护孔壁稳定,实现护壁堵漏等问题,该文结合国内已施工的部分干热岩钻探工程,对国内干热岩钻探所采取的工艺技术进行了探索,研制了抗高温配方的钻井液,使用转盘回转+孔底动力钻具复合钻进,在钻井液中加入抗高温封堵剂,可有效提高干热岩钻探效率,以期促进干热岩钻探工艺技术的研究、应用和推广。
Dry hot rock is a highly efficient low-carbon clean energy recognized by the international community. In recent years, accompanying with the advocation and support of the exploration and development of clean energy,dry hot rock exploration work has been carried out. It is a key part of obtaining geological data for resource calculation in the early period and development and utilization of dry hot rock in the later period. At present,systematic dry hot rock drilling technology has not been formed in our country. Some technology from the oil drilling industry and geological drilling industry have been used. But the formation temperature of dry hot rock drilling is generally high,and most of the drilling holes are in hard granite. Therefore,how to maintain the performance of the drilling fluid in a high temperature environment, to ensure that it carries the cuttings and maintains the stability of the hole wall,how to improve drilling efficiency and achieve efficient drilling in a hard granite layer,how to maintain the stability of the hole wall and achieve the wall plugging when drilling the fractured ground are difficulties. In this paper, combining with some practices of dry hot rock drilling projects which have been constructed in China, technology of dry hot rock drilling have been studied in order to promote the application of dry hot rock drilling technology.
Dry hot rock is a highly efficient low-carbon clean energy recognized by the international community. In recent years, accompanying with the advocation and support of the exploration and development of clean energy,dry hot rock exploration work has been carried out. It is a key part of obtaining geological data for resource calculation in the early period and development and utilization of dry hot rock in the later period. At present,systematic dry hot rock drilling technology has not been formed in our country. Some technology from the oil drilling industry and geological drilling industry have been used. But the formation temperature of dry hot rock drilling is generally high,and most of the drilling holes are in hard granite. Therefore,how to maintain the performance of the drilling fluid in a high temperature environment, to ensure that it carries the cuttings and maintains the stability of the hole wall,how to improve drilling efficiency and achieve efficient drilling in a hard granite layer,how to maintain the stability of the hole wall and achieve the wall plugging when drilling the fractured ground are difficulties. In this paper, combining with some practices of dry hot rock drilling projects which have been constructed in China, technology of dry hot rock drilling have been studied in order to promote the application of dry hot rock drilling technology.
引文
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[17] 陈天成,白彬珍.涡轮钻具适用性分析与应用探析[J].钻采工艺,2010,33(6):26-27.
[18] 卢淑芹,张艺馨,朱宽亮,等.抗温钻井液随钻堵漏剂及其制备方法[P].中国专利:申请号201410107828.7,2014-03-21.
[19] 王先兵,陈大钧,蒋宽,等.新型防漏堵漏剂TFD与油气层保护技术[J].钻井液与完井液,2011,28(1):20-23.
[20] 颜磊,蒋卓,王大勇,等.干热岩抗高温钻井液体系研究[J].化学与生物工程,2015,32(7):55-58.
[2] 贾军,张德龙,翁炜,等.干热岩钻探关键技术及进展[J].科技导报,2015,33(9):40-41.
[3] 郤保平,赵金昌,赵阳升,等.高温岩体地热钻井施工关键技术研究[J].岩土力学与工程学报,2011,30(11):2236-2239.
[4] 刘伟莉,马庆涛,付怀刚.干热岩地热开发钻井技术难点与对策[J].石油机械,2015,43(8):11-12.
[5] 张所邦,宋鸿,陈兵,等.中国干热岩开发与钻井关键技术[J].资源环境与工程,2017,31(2):204-206.
[6] 赵福森,张凯.青海贵德ZR1干热岩井钻进工艺研究[J].探矿工程(岩土钻掘工程),2016,43(2):19-21.
[7] 胡继良,陶士先,单文军,等.超深井高温钻井液技术及研究方向的探讨[J].地质与钻探,2012,48(1):157.
[8] 牛似成,王锦昌,袁立鹤.定北区块抗高温钻井液体系优化[J].探矿工程,2016,43(12):26-28.
[9] 张希文,李爽,张洁,等.钻井液堵漏材料及防漏堵漏技术研究进展[J].钻井液与完井液,2009,26(6):74-76.
[10] 卜海,孙金声,王成彪,等.超高温钻井液的高温流变性研究[J].西南石油大学学报,2012,34(4):124.
[11] 李家芬,苏长明,于培志,等.CY-1无渗透钻井液处理剂的室内试验研究[J].石油钻探技术,2006,34(1):32-35.
[12] 于卫东,殷风玲,孙伟,等.螺杆钻具在深井快速钻进中的应用[J].石油矿场机械,2010,39(4):92.
[13] 梁奇敏,周芷仪,吴秋来,等.浅谈螺杆钻具的选择[J].科技导报,2017,45(2):29.
[14] 冯定.涡轮钻具复合钻进技术[J].石油钻采工艺,2007,29(3):19-20.
[15] 刘占魁.深井涡轮钻具复合钻进技术应用[J].西部探矿工程,2012,6(3):64.
[16] 赵柳东,李立鑫,王瑜,等.涡轮钻具的研究进展[J].探矿工程,2016,43(10):269-270.
[17] 陈天成,白彬珍.涡轮钻具适用性分析与应用探析[J].钻采工艺,2010,33(6):26-27.
[18] 卢淑芹,张艺馨,朱宽亮,等.抗温钻井液随钻堵漏剂及其制备方法[P].中国专利:申请号201410107828.7,2014-03-21.
[19] 王先兵,陈大钧,蒋宽,等.新型防漏堵漏剂TFD与油气层保护技术[J].钻井液与完井液,2011,28(1):20-23.
[20] 颜磊,蒋卓,王大勇,等.干热岩抗高温钻井液体系研究[J].化学与生物工程,2015,32(7):55-58.