多孔泡沫金属在防砂筛管应用中结构参数试验优化
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摘要
泡沫金属由金属与气体复合而成,是一种金属基体中含有一定数量、一定尺寸孔径、一定孔隙率的金属材料,具有良好的过流、过滤性能。利用泡沫金属作为挡砂介质开发的特种筛管,是一项油田防砂可行性解决方案。防砂筛管挡砂效果主要取决于挡砂介质的结构形式与规格参数。为优化泡沫金属挡砂介质的结构参数,指导防砂筛管的设计,利用室内岩心驱替模拟试验装置,开展不同结构、不同规格参数的泡沫金属挡砂性能试验,分析不同排布结构、不同厚度比的泡沫金属挡砂效果。结果表明,挡砂介质"外密内疏"的变孔径结构要优于均匀单一孔径结构,具备更好的过流抗堵塞效果,且随着驱替排量的增大,优势体现更加明显。当排量为100 mL/min时,变孔径驱替压差较均匀单一孔径压差降低约40%;不同泡沫金属厚度比的挡砂能力也不同,厚度比2︰3结构较厚度比2.5︰2.5结构驱替压差降低约15%,控砂量较1.5︰3.5结构降低约2.6倍。综合考虑驱替压差、出砂量及驱替排量等因素,泡沫金属作为防砂筛管挡砂介质,采用变孔径结构且厚度比为2︰3最适合油气田开发要求。为进一步优化防砂筛管结构提供了理论参考。
Foam metal is a metal material containing a certain number of pores, a certain size, and a certain porosity. It is composed of metal and gas with good overcurrent and filtration performance. The special screen tube by applying foam metal as sand blocking medium is a feasible solution for sand control in oilfield. The sand blocking effect of sand control screen depends mainly on the structural form and specification parameters of the sand blocking medium. In order to optimize the structural parameters of the foam metal sand blocking medium and guide the design of sand control screen, the laboratory core displacement simulation test device was used to carry out the performance test of foam metal sand retaining structure with different structural parameters and different specifications, and the different rows were analyzed. The results show that the variable pore size structure of sand-retaining media is better than that of uniform single pore size, and has better anti-clogging effect, the advantages are more obvious with the increase of displacement. When the displacement is 100 mL/min, the pressure difference of the variable aperture displacement reduces by about 40%, compared with the uniform single pore pressure difference. The foam thickness of different foam metals is also different from that of the test. The thickness ratio is less than the 2︰3 structure design, and the displacement pressure difference of the 2.5︰2.5 structure reduces by about 15%, and the sand control volume reduces by 2.6 times than that of the 1.5︰3.5 structure design. Considering the factors such as displacement pressure difference, sand production and displacement, foam metal as the sand control screen sand blocking medium with variable pore size structure and thickness ratio 2︰3, should be the most suitable for oil and gas field development and production requirements.
Foam metal is a metal material containing a certain number of pores, a certain size, and a certain porosity. It is composed of metal and gas with good overcurrent and filtration performance. The special screen tube by applying foam metal as sand blocking medium is a feasible solution for sand control in oilfield. The sand blocking effect of sand control screen depends mainly on the structural form and specification parameters of the sand blocking medium. In order to optimize the structural parameters of the foam metal sand blocking medium and guide the design of sand control screen, the laboratory core displacement simulation test device was used to carry out the performance test of foam metal sand retaining structure with different structural parameters and different specifications, and the different rows were analyzed. The results show that the variable pore size structure of sand-retaining media is better than that of uniform single pore size, and has better anti-clogging effect, the advantages are more obvious with the increase of displacement. When the displacement is 100 mL/min, the pressure difference of the variable aperture displacement reduces by about 40%, compared with the uniform single pore pressure difference. The foam thickness of different foam metals is also different from that of the test. The thickness ratio is less than the 2︰3 structure design, and the displacement pressure difference of the 2.5︰2.5 structure reduces by about 15%, and the sand control volume reduces by 2.6 times than that of the 1.5︰3.5 structure design. Considering the factors such as displacement pressure difference, sand production and displacement, foam metal as the sand control screen sand blocking medium with variable pore size structure and thickness ratio 2︰3, should be the most suitable for oil and gas field development and production requirements.
引文
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[2] 刘正伟.海上疏松砂岩油藏出砂预测模型及应用[J].特种油气藏,2012,19(3):136-139.
[3] 姜伟,邓建明,范白涛.海上油气田防砂设计[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2014.
[4] 王爱国.金属棉优质筛管适度防砂试验研究及应用[J].断块油气田,2013,20(4):535-538.
[5] 董长银,贾碧霞,刘春苗,等.机械防砂筛管挡砂介质堵塞机制及堵塞规律试验[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2011,35(5):82-88.
[6] 徐新邦,刘培生,崔光,等.泡沫金属力学性能研究的分析概述[J].金属功能材料,2012,19(6):46-50.
[7] 左孝青,孙加林.泡沫金属制备技术研究进展[J].材料科学与工程学报,2004,22(3):452-456.
[8] 陈文革,张强.泡沫金属的特点、应用、制备与发展[J].粉末冶金工业,2005, 15(2):37-42.
[9] 高斌,王尧,张春升,等.一种新型防砂筛管的研制及性能评价 [J].石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报),2015(37):51-54.
[10] 孙金,邓金根,王尧,等. 新型泡沫金属筛管堵塞机理及影响因素试验研究 [J].石油钻探技术,2015, 43(5):123-128.
[11] 杨成博.喷射电沉积法直接制备多孔泡沫镍的工艺技术和性能研究[D].南京:南京航空航天大学,2009.
[12] 付全荣,张铱鈖,段滋华,等.多孔泡沫金属及其在化工设备中的应用[J].化工机械,2010,37(6):805-809.