视屏显示终端作业中键盘手托对上肢肌肉活动的影响
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摘要
为探究用户在视屏显示终端作业中使用有托和无托的键盘对人体上肢相关肌肉活动及主观舒适度的影响,并完成上肢肌肉的活性筛选,利用主观评价和表面肌电评价相结合的方法,经过调研,抽选10名被试,通过让被试分别使用有托键盘与无托键盘进行一定时间段的键盘输入,实验后选取上肢肌肉活动影响较大的肌肉块,并分析相关部位主观舒适度。使用有托键盘,上肢肱二头肌(BB)和拇短展肌(APB)负荷明显降低,可提升受试者右手与右手腕的主观舒适度。使用无托键盘,除对受试者的右手与右手腕有不舒适影响,对其余各个部位的主观舒适度均无影响。此外,经肌肉贡献率的量化计算,筛选出几块活性较强、伸缩性较大的上肢肌肉,给予后续应用。使用有手托键盘可有效减小上肢中前臂肌肉负荷;并增加右手腕与右手的主观舒适度。活性较强、伸缩性较大的上肢肌肉排序,即伸腕桡侧肌(ECR)、屈腕桡侧肌(FCR)、伸腕尺肌(ECU)和拇短展肌。
In order to explore the impact of the user's use of the keyboard with and without the support on the upper limb related muscle activity and subjective comfort in the visual display terminal( VDT) operation,and complete the activity screening of the upper limb muscle. After investigation,10 subjects were selected,and the subjects were input with a keyboard with a keyboard and a keyboard without keyboard for a certain period of time. After the experiment,muscle blocks with greater influence on upper limb muscle activity were selected,and subjective comfort was analyzed. degree. Results With the support of the keyboard,the upper extremity biceps( BB) and the abductor flexor muscle( APB) load were significantly reduced,which improved the subjective comfort of the right and left wrists of the subject. The use of a keyboard without a keyboard has no effect on the subject's right hand and right wrist,and has no effect on the subjective comfort of the remaining parts. In addition,through the quantitative calculation of muscle contribution rate,several upper limb muscles with stronger activity and greater flexibility were screened for subsequent application. Using a hand-held keyboard can effectively reduce the forearm muscle load in the upper limbs and increase the subjective comfort of the right wrist and right hand. The upper limb muscles with stronger activity and greater flexibility,namely the extensor of the wrist( ECR),the flexor tendon( FCR),the ulnar muscle( ECU) and the abductor flexor muscle.
In order to explore the impact of the user's use of the keyboard with and without the support on the upper limb related muscle activity and subjective comfort in the visual display terminal( VDT) operation,and complete the activity screening of the upper limb muscle. After investigation,10 subjects were selected,and the subjects were input with a keyboard with a keyboard and a keyboard without keyboard for a certain period of time. After the experiment,muscle blocks with greater influence on upper limb muscle activity were selected,and subjective comfort was analyzed. degree. Results With the support of the keyboard,the upper extremity biceps( BB) and the abductor flexor muscle( APB) load were significantly reduced,which improved the subjective comfort of the right and left wrists of the subject. The use of a keyboard without a keyboard has no effect on the subject's right hand and right wrist,and has no effect on the subjective comfort of the remaining parts. In addition,through the quantitative calculation of muscle contribution rate,several upper limb muscles with stronger activity and greater flexibility were screened for subsequent application. Using a hand-held keyboard can effectively reduce the forearm muscle load in the upper limbs and increase the subjective comfort of the right wrist and right hand. The upper limb muscles with stronger activity and greater flexibility,namely the extensor of the wrist( ECR),the flexor tendon( FCR),the ulnar muscle( ECU) and the abductor flexor muscle.
引文
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11金昌,闫瑞强,李启民,等.长时间曲肘使用电脑鼠标所致右侧肱动脉血栓1例报告[J].中国微创外科杂志,2017,17(4):373-375Jin Chang,Yan Ruiqiang,Li Qimin,et al.A case report of right radial artery thrombosis caused by computer mouse for long time elbow[J].Chinese Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgery,2017,17(4)):373-375
12杨锆,胡海华,刘加海,等.不同肘部支撑高度对打字时相关肌肉活动及舒适性的影响[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志,2013,35(11):879-882Yang Gao,Hu Haihua,Liu Jiahai,et al.Effects of different elbow support heights on muscle activity and comfort during typing[J].Chinese Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,2013,35(11):879-882
13陈婧,余隋怀,刘天宇,等.使用不同高度及材料的键盘手托对相关肌肉活动的影响[J].人类工效学,2017,23(3):1-3Chen Jing,Yu Suihuai,Liu Tianyu,et al.Effects of keyboard hand rests with different heights and materials on related muscle activities[J].Ergonomics,2017,23(3):1-3
14陈登凯,刘天宇,陈婧.键盘操作中腕托对肌肉疲劳影响的定量化研究[J].电气工程学报,2017,12(4):22-26Chen Dengkai,Liu Tianyu,Chen Jing.Quantitative study on the effect of wrist rest on muscle fatigue in keyboard operation[J].Journal of Electric Engineering,2017,12(4):22-26
15 Onyebeke L C,Young J G,Trudeau M B,et al.Effects of forearm and palm supports on the upper extremity during computer mouse use[J].Applied Ergonomics,2014,45:564-570
16 Tomatis L,Nakaseko M,Lubli T L.Co-activation and maximal EMG activity of forearm muscles during key tapping[J].International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics,2009,39(5):749-755
17 Workineh S A,Yamaura H.Multi-position ergonomic computer workstation design to increase comfort of computer work[J].International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics,2016,53:1-9
18 Van Niekerk S M,Fourie S M,Louw Q A.Postural dynamism during computer mouse and keyboard use:A pilot study[J].Applied Ergonomics,2015,50:170-176
19 Nag P K,Pal S,Nag A,et al.Influence of arm and wrist support on forearm and back muscle activity in computer keyboard operation[J].Applied Ergonomics,2009,40(2):286-291
20王健,刘加海.肌肉疲劳的表面肌电信号特征研究与展望[J].电气工程学报,2003,39(2):4-7Wang Jian,Liu Jiahai.Study and prospect of surface EMG signal characteristics of muscle fatigue[J].Transactions of Electrical Engineering,2003,39(2):4-7
21吴剑锋.基于肌电信号的人体下肢运动信息获取技术研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2008Wu Jianfeng.Research on the acquisition technology of human lower limb movement information based on EMG signal[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2008
2 Dropkin J,Kim H,Punnett L,et al.Effect of an office ergonomic randomised controlled trial among workers with neck and upper extremity pain[J].Occupational and Environmental Medicine,2015,72:6-14
3 Smith P,Bielecky A,Mustard C,et al.The relationship between chronic conditions and work-related injuries and repetitive strain injuries in Canada[J].Occupational and Environmental Medicine,2012,54:841-846
4 Waisted M,Hanvold T N,Veiersted K B,et al.Computer work and musculoskeletal disorders of the neck and upper extremity:A systematic refiew[J].Bmc Musculoskeletal Disorders,2010,2(1):60-79
5 Grooten W J,Mulder M,Wiktorin C,et al.The effect of ergonomic intervention on neck/shoulder and low back pain[J].Work,2007,28(4):313-323
6 Orhan K.Work-related musculoskeletal disorders due to computer use:A literature review[M].Saarbrücken:Lap Lambert Academic Publishing,2010:19-23
7 O'Sullivan K,O'Keeffe M,O'Sullivan P,et al.The effect of dynamic sitting on the prevention and management of low back pain and low back discomfort:A systematic review[J].Ergonomics,2012,55:898-908
8 Van Niekerk S M,Louw Q A,Grimmer-Sommers K,et al.Frequency of postural changes during sitting whilst using a desktop computerexploring an analytical methodology[J].Ergonomics,2014,57(4):545-554
9 Szeto G P,Straker L M,O'Sullivan P B,et al.EMG median frequency chan-ges in the neck-shoulder stabilizers of symptomatic office workers when challenged by different physical stressors[J].Electromyogr Kinesiol,2005,15:544-555
10朱伟,张智君.不同键盘、输入速度的sEMG、绩效及舒适性比较[J].人类工效学,2010,16(3):1-4Zhu Wei,Zhang Zhijun.Comparison of sEMG performance and comfort of different keyboards and input speeds[J].Ergonomics,2010,16(3):1-4
11金昌,闫瑞强,李启民,等.长时间曲肘使用电脑鼠标所致右侧肱动脉血栓1例报告[J].中国微创外科杂志,2017,17(4):373-375Jin Chang,Yan Ruiqiang,Li Qimin,et al.A case report of right radial artery thrombosis caused by computer mouse for long time elbow[J].Chinese Journal of Minimally Invasive Surgery,2017,17(4)):373-375
12杨锆,胡海华,刘加海,等.不同肘部支撑高度对打字时相关肌肉活动及舒适性的影响[J].中华物理医学与康复杂志,2013,35(11):879-882Yang Gao,Hu Haihua,Liu Jiahai,et al.Effects of different elbow support heights on muscle activity and comfort during typing[J].Chinese Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation,2013,35(11):879-882
13陈婧,余隋怀,刘天宇,等.使用不同高度及材料的键盘手托对相关肌肉活动的影响[J].人类工效学,2017,23(3):1-3Chen Jing,Yu Suihuai,Liu Tianyu,et al.Effects of keyboard hand rests with different heights and materials on related muscle activities[J].Ergonomics,2017,23(3):1-3
14陈登凯,刘天宇,陈婧.键盘操作中腕托对肌肉疲劳影响的定量化研究[J].电气工程学报,2017,12(4):22-26Chen Dengkai,Liu Tianyu,Chen Jing.Quantitative study on the effect of wrist rest on muscle fatigue in keyboard operation[J].Journal of Electric Engineering,2017,12(4):22-26
15 Onyebeke L C,Young J G,Trudeau M B,et al.Effects of forearm and palm supports on the upper extremity during computer mouse use[J].Applied Ergonomics,2014,45:564-570
16 Tomatis L,Nakaseko M,Lubli T L.Co-activation and maximal EMG activity of forearm muscles during key tapping[J].International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics,2009,39(5):749-755
17 Workineh S A,Yamaura H.Multi-position ergonomic computer workstation design to increase comfort of computer work[J].International Journal of Industrial Ergonomics,2016,53:1-9
18 Van Niekerk S M,Fourie S M,Louw Q A.Postural dynamism during computer mouse and keyboard use:A pilot study[J].Applied Ergonomics,2015,50:170-176
19 Nag P K,Pal S,Nag A,et al.Influence of arm and wrist support on forearm and back muscle activity in computer keyboard operation[J].Applied Ergonomics,2009,40(2):286-291
20王健,刘加海.肌肉疲劳的表面肌电信号特征研究与展望[J].电气工程学报,2003,39(2):4-7Wang Jian,Liu Jiahai.Study and prospect of surface EMG signal characteristics of muscle fatigue[J].Transactions of Electrical Engineering,2003,39(2):4-7
21吴剑锋.基于肌电信号的人体下肢运动信息获取技术研究[D].杭州:浙江大学,2008Wu Jianfeng.Research on the acquisition technology of human lower limb movement information based on EMG signal[D].Hangzhou:Zhejiang University,2008