低铬和中铬含钛铁素体不锈钢高温氧化行为
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摘要
通过对低铬(409L)和中铬(439)含钛铁素体不锈钢在900℃下空气中开展恒温氧化试验,获得了两种钢的氧化动力学曲线,并结合EPMA、SEM和XRD等方法对氧化皮的结构进行了分析。结果表明,409L和439氧化动力学曲线均遵从抛物线规律,但409L抛物线速度常数远高于439;409L氧化80h后氧化层结构由外侧Fe_2O_3和内侧(Fe,Cr,Mn)_3O_4复合尖晶石组成;439氧化80h后氧化层外侧则由Cr_2O_3和(Cr,Mn)_3O_4尖晶石组成,内侧为一层SiO_2,基体内还伴有钛的内氧化;较高的铬含量能保证TiO_2内氧化颗粒稳定存在,而TiO_2内氧化颗粒阻止离子迁移,显著降低氧化速度。
The isothermal oxidation tests of the low chromium(409 L)and medium chromium(439)titanium stainless steel were carried out at 900℃.The oxidation kinetic curves of the two steels were obtained and the structure of oxide scale was analyzed by EPMA,SEM and XRD.The results indicated that the curves of the 409 Land 439 stainless steel both followed the parabolic curve.But the parabolic velocity constant for 409 Lstainless steel was much higher than that for 439 stainless steel.The oxide layer of 409 Lstainless steel was formed by(Fe,Cr,Mn)_3O_4 and Fe_2O_3 after oxidation of 80 h.The outside layer of the oxide layer of 439 stainless steel was formed by Cr_2O_3 and(Cr,Mn)_3O_4,the inner layer of the oxide layer was SiO_2 and the internal oxidation of Ti was accompanied in the matrix.The higher content of Cr can ensure the stable existence of the oxide particles in the TiO_2,and the TiO_2 oxidation particles can prevent the ion migration and reduce the oxidation rate significantly.
The isothermal oxidation tests of the low chromium(409 L)and medium chromium(439)titanium stainless steel were carried out at 900℃.The oxidation kinetic curves of the two steels were obtained and the structure of oxide scale was analyzed by EPMA,SEM and XRD.The results indicated that the curves of the 409 Land 439 stainless steel both followed the parabolic curve.But the parabolic velocity constant for 409 Lstainless steel was much higher than that for 439 stainless steel.The oxide layer of 409 Lstainless steel was formed by(Fe,Cr,Mn)_3O_4 and Fe_2O_3 after oxidation of 80 h.The outside layer of the oxide layer of 439 stainless steel was formed by Cr_2O_3 and(Cr,Mn)_3O_4,the inner layer of the oxide layer was SiO_2 and the internal oxidation of Ti was accompanied in the matrix.The higher content of Cr can ensure the stable existence of the oxide particles in the TiO_2,and the TiO_2 oxidation particles can prevent the ion migration and reduce the oxidation rate significantly.
引文
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[2]游香米,姜周华,李花兵,等.超纯铁素体不锈钢的开发与应用现状[J].中国冶金,2006,16(11):16.
[3]Huntz A M,Reckmann A,Haut C,et al.Oxidation of AISI304and AISI 439stainless steels[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2007,447A(1/2):266.
[4]Manabu Oku.日新制钢汽车排气系统用耐热铁素体不锈钢的开发[J].世界钢铁,2011,10(5):10.
[5]颜海涛,毕洪运,李鑫,等.汽车排气系统用铁素体不锈钢的抗高温氧化性能[J].上海金属,2008,30(5):8.
[6]李美栓.金属的高温腐蚀[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2001.
[7]李鑫,舒俊,毕洪运,等.含钼铁素体不锈钢的高温氧化行为[J].钢铁研究学报,2013,25(5):55.
[8]Mougin J,Dupeux M,Antoni L,et al.Adhesion of thermal oxide scales grown on ferritic stainless steels measured using the inverted blister test[J].Materials Science and Engineering:A,2003,259(1):44.
[9]WANG B,GONG J,WANG A Y,et al.Oxidation behaviour of NiCrAlY coatings on Ni-based superalloy[J].Surface and Coatings Technology,2002,149(1):70.
[10]Khalid F A,Hussain N,Shahid K A.Microstructure and morphology of high temperature oxidation in superalloy[J].Mater Sci Eng A,1999,265:87.
[11]李鑫,刘后龙,毕洪运,等.中铬铁素体不锈钢18CrNb高温氧化行为[J].材料研究学报,2016,30(4):264.
[12]李磊,陈伟,陈德敏,等.00Cr25Ni22Mo2N奥氏体不锈钢的高温氧化行为[J].钢铁,2016,51(1):94.