苹果树腐烂病菌对苯醚甲环唑的敏感性
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摘要
为了明确苹果树腐烂病菌对苯醚甲环唑的敏感性现状,本研究采用菌丝生长速率法测定了来自7个省份7个不同年份的106株苹果树腐烂病菌对苯醚甲环唑的敏感性,并建立了敏感基线。结果表明:供试苹果树腐烂病菌菌株的EC_(50)区间在0.003～0.123μg/mL,敏感性频率分布呈连续性单峰曲线。经K-S法检验符合正态分布,未出现敏感性明显下降的抗性群体,平均EC_(50)(0.044±0.029)μg/mL可作为苹果树腐烂病菌对苯醚甲环唑的敏感基线。不同地理来源的菌株对苯醚甲环唑的敏感性有显著性差异,来自辽宁省的菌株敏感性最高,河南省的敏感性最低;不同年份的菌株敏感性也有显著性差异,2009年采集的菌株对苯醚甲环唑的敏感性最高,2016年采集的菌株敏感性最低,菌株对药剂的敏感性随年份的推移逐渐降低,说明病菌的抗药性不断增强。
To confirm the sensitivity of Valsa mali to difenoconazole, the sensitivity baseline was established by measuring the mycelial growth of 106 isolates collected from seven provinces in seven different years on the fungicide-amended media. The results indicated that 50% effective concentration(EC_(50)) values ranged from 0.003 μg/mL to 0.123 μg/mL. Sensitivity frequency distribution showed a continuous single peak curve, which is a normal distribution based on analyzed results by K-S method. No resistant strain to difenoconazole was found in the tested isolates, and the average EC_(50) value(0.044 μg/mL±0.029 μg/mL) could be the sensitivity baseline of V.mali to difenoconazole. The isolates collected from different regions showed different sensitivities. The sensitivity of V.mali from Liaoning Province was the highest, while that from Henan Province was the lowest. Meanwhile, the sensitivity of V.mali collected in different years also showed significant difference to difenoconazole. The sensitivity of V.mali collected in 2009 was the highest, while that collected in 2016 was the lowest. The sensitivity of strains decreased along with years, indicating the resistance of V.mali to difenoconazole was increasing.
To confirm the sensitivity of Valsa mali to difenoconazole, the sensitivity baseline was established by measuring the mycelial growth of 106 isolates collected from seven provinces in seven different years on the fungicide-amended media. The results indicated that 50% effective concentration(EC_(50)) values ranged from 0.003 μg/mL to 0.123 μg/mL. Sensitivity frequency distribution showed a continuous single peak curve, which is a normal distribution based on analyzed results by K-S method. No resistant strain to difenoconazole was found in the tested isolates, and the average EC_(50) value(0.044 μg/mL±0.029 μg/mL) could be the sensitivity baseline of V.mali to difenoconazole. The isolates collected from different regions showed different sensitivities. The sensitivity of V.mali from Liaoning Province was the highest, while that from Henan Province was the lowest. Meanwhile, the sensitivity of V.mali collected in different years also showed significant difference to difenoconazole. The sensitivity of V.mali collected in 2009 was the highest, while that collected in 2016 was the lowest. The sensitivity of strains decreased along with years, indicating the resistance of V.mali to difenoconazole was increasing.
引文
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[11] 吴学宏,肖建华,张文华,等.2%三唑醇·戊唑醇种衣剂对小麦纹枯病菌麦角甾醇含量的影响[J].农药学学报,2005,7(4):372-375.
[12] 刘保友,张伟,栾炳辉,等.苹果轮纹病菌对苯醚甲环唑和氟硅唑的敏感性及其交互抗性[J].植物病理学报,2013,43(5):541-548.
[13] HENRíQUEZ S J L, SAEMIENTO V O, ALACóN C P. Sensitivity of Venturia inaequalis Chilean isolates to difenoconazole, fenarimol, mancozeb and pyrimethanil [J]. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, 2011, 71(1): 39-44.
[14] RCKANOVIE, MIHAJLOVIM, POTONIK I. In vitro sensitivity of Fusarium graminearum (Schwabe) to difenoconazole, prothioconazole and thiophanate-methyl[J]. Pesticide Phytomedicine, 2010, 25(4): 325-333.
[15] YIN Y, LIU X, LI B, et al. Characterization of sterol demethylation inhibitor-resistant isolates of Fusarium asiaticum and F. graminearum collected from wheat in China [J]. Phytopathology, 2009, 99(5): 487-497.
[16] 祁之秋,鞠雪娇,纪明山,等.辽宁省稻瘟病菌对咪鲜胺敏感基线的建立[J].农药学学报,2012,14(6):673-676.
[17] CHEN Yu, YAO Jian, WANG Wenxiang, et al. Effect of epoxiconazole on rice blast and rice grain yield in China [J]. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 2013, 135(4): 675-682.
[18] 齐永志,李海燕,苏媛,等.小麦纹枯病菌对噻呋酰胺的敏感性及抗药性突变体的主要生物学性状[J].农药学学报,2014(3):271-280.
[2] 黄丽丽,张管曲,康振生,等.果树病害图鉴[M].西安:西安地图出版社,2001:1.
[3] 曹克强,国立耘,李保华,等.中国苹果树腐烂病发生和防治情况调查[J].植物保护,2009,35(2):114-117.
[4] 焦浩,范艳云,高小宁,等.8种药剂对苹果树腐烂病的田间防效评价[J].河南农业科学,2015,44(10):95-99.
[5] 翟慧者,胡同乐,陈曲,等.10种化学杀菌剂对苹果树腐烂病的防效评价[J].植物保护,2012,38(3):151-154.
[6] TAMURA O, SAITO I. Histopathological changes of apple bark infected by Valsa ceratosperma (Tode ex Fr.) Maire during dormant and growing periods [J]. Annals of the Phytopathological Society of Japan, 2009, 48: 490-498.
[7] 陈亮,刘君丽,司乃国,等.丁香菌酯对苹果树腐烂病的防治[J].农药,2009,48(6):402-404.
[8] 王磊,郜佐鹏,黄丽丽,等.防治苹果树腐烂病杀菌剂的室内筛选[J].植物病理学报,2009,39(5):549-554.
[9] 刘长令.世界农药大全[M].北京:化学工业出版社,2005:122-126,155-158,281-282.
[10] 祁之秋,周明国.戊唑醇对小麦纹枯病菌的抑菌作用[J].农药学学报,2003,5(3):80-84.
[11] 吴学宏,肖建华,张文华,等.2%三唑醇·戊唑醇种衣剂对小麦纹枯病菌麦角甾醇含量的影响[J].农药学学报,2005,7(4):372-375.
[12] 刘保友,张伟,栾炳辉,等.苹果轮纹病菌对苯醚甲环唑和氟硅唑的敏感性及其交互抗性[J].植物病理学报,2013,43(5):541-548.
[13] HENRíQUEZ S J L, SAEMIENTO V O, ALACóN C P. Sensitivity of Venturia inaequalis Chilean isolates to difenoconazole, fenarimol, mancozeb and pyrimethanil [J]. Chilean Journal of Agricultural Research, 2011, 71(1): 39-44.
[14] RCKANOVIE, MIHAJLOVIM, POTONIK I. In vitro sensitivity of Fusarium graminearum (Schwabe) to difenoconazole, prothioconazole and thiophanate-methyl[J]. Pesticide Phytomedicine, 2010, 25(4): 325-333.
[15] YIN Y, LIU X, LI B, et al. Characterization of sterol demethylation inhibitor-resistant isolates of Fusarium asiaticum and F. graminearum collected from wheat in China [J]. Phytopathology, 2009, 99(5): 487-497.
[16] 祁之秋,鞠雪娇,纪明山,等.辽宁省稻瘟病菌对咪鲜胺敏感基线的建立[J].农药学学报,2012,14(6):673-676.
[17] CHEN Yu, YAO Jian, WANG Wenxiang, et al. Effect of epoxiconazole on rice blast and rice grain yield in China [J]. European Journal of Plant Pathology, 2013, 135(4): 675-682.
[18] 齐永志,李海燕,苏媛,等.小麦纹枯病菌对噻呋酰胺的敏感性及抗药性突变体的主要生物学性状[J].农药学学报,2014(3):271-280.