客运企业及其车辆和驾驶人安全评价研究
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摘要
客运安全作为交通运输行业重要的运营指标,道路客运车辆一旦发生事故,往往会造成群死群伤.虽然国家制定了严格的法律法规来规范和保障客运车辆安全运营,但由于制度落实不到位,客运企业安全主体责任不落实、客运驾驶人违法违规仍然是造成事故的主要原因.鉴于道路安全评价的重要性,提出了一种操作性较强的安全评价模型,能够直观而客观地反映客运企业、客运车辆和驾驶人的安全状况,有利于管理部门开展针对性的监管,有利于社会对客运企业的评价和监督,也有利消费者选择更安全的企业、车辆或驾驶人.
Passenger transport safety is the critical operational indicator in the field of traffic and transportation,once the road passenger vehicle has accidents,it often causes mass casualties and injuries.Although the state has formulated strict laws and regulations to regulate and guarantee the safe operation of passenger vehicles,the main causes of accidents are still the inadequate implementation of the regulations,including the non-implementation of the main responsibility of passenger transport enterprises and the violation of laws and regulations by passenger drivers.Given the importance of the road safety evaluation,this paper proposes an advanced safety evaluation model,which can directly and objectively reflect the safety situation of passenger transport enterprises and related passenger vehicles and drivers.It is conducive to the targeted supervision by the administration department,social evaluation and supervision of passenger transport enterprises,and consumers' choice of safer enterprises,vehicles or drivers.
Passenger transport safety is the critical operational indicator in the field of traffic and transportation,once the road passenger vehicle has accidents,it often causes mass casualties and injuries.Although the state has formulated strict laws and regulations to regulate and guarantee the safe operation of passenger vehicles,the main causes of accidents are still the inadequate implementation of the regulations,including the non-implementation of the main responsibility of passenger transport enterprises and the violation of laws and regulations by passenger drivers.Given the importance of the road safety evaluation,this paper proposes an advanced safety evaluation model,which can directly and objectively reflect the safety situation of passenger transport enterprises and related passenger vehicles and drivers.It is conducive to the targeted supervision by the administration department,social evaluation and supervision of passenger transport enterprises,and consumers' choice of safer enterprises,vehicles or drivers.
引文
[1] 公安部交通管理局.2017年道路交通事故统计年报[R].无锡:公安部交通管理科学研究所,2018.
[2] 陈坚,陈林,王代瑜.基于物元理论的道路客运企业安全生产标准化定量分级模型[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2017,36(8):95-101.
[3] 周志强.四川省道路客运企业安全评价指标体系及系统设计研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2016.
[4] 杨超.城乡客运安全监管体系及服务质量评价的研究[D].西安:长安大学,2013.
[5] 吴玲,刘浩学,朱彤.高速公路特长隧道驾驶人视觉特征变化规律及安全状态判别模型研究[J].公路,2016(1):138-143.
[6] 马勇,付锐.驾驶人视觉特性与行车安全研究进展[J].中国公路学报,2015,28(6):82-94.
[7] Department for Transport (Great Britain).Contributory factors for reported road accidents[EB/OL].(2018-09-27)[2019-03-04].https://www.gov.uk/government/statistical-data-sets/ras50-contributory-factors.
[8] RAMACHANDRAN M,SAHANDI R,PRAKOONWIT S,et al.A safety transport model for validation of UK coach operators for school journeys[C]// Intelligent Transport Systems-From Research and Development to the Market Uptake.Hyvink??:Springer,2017:183-191.
[9] 中华人民共和国公安部.中华人民共和国公共安全行业标准,道路交通事故信息调查:GA/T 1082-2013[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2013:2-7.
[10] 公安部交通管理局.道路交通事故深度调查工作规范(试行)[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2017:2-10.
[11] 国务院陕西安康京昆高速“8.10”特别重大道路交通事故调查组.陕西安康京昆高速“8.10”特别重大道路交通事故调查报告[EB/OL].(2018-01-31)[2019-03-04].http://dab.scybjj.gov.cn/show_news_qs.asp?id=6835.
[12] 国务院湖南郴州宜凤高速“6.26”特别重大道路交通事故调查组.湖南郴州宜凤高速“6.26”特别重大道路交通事故调查报告[EB/OL].(2017-01-13)[2019-03-04].http://www.sz.gov.cn/ytqzfzx/cn/zwgk/zdlyxxgk/aqsc/dcbg/201705/t20170518_6713615.htm.
[2] 陈坚,陈林,王代瑜.基于物元理论的道路客运企业安全生产标准化定量分级模型[J].重庆交通大学学报(自然科学版),2017,36(8):95-101.
[3] 周志强.四川省道路客运企业安全评价指标体系及系统设计研究[D].成都:西南交通大学,2016.
[4] 杨超.城乡客运安全监管体系及服务质量评价的研究[D].西安:长安大学,2013.
[5] 吴玲,刘浩学,朱彤.高速公路特长隧道驾驶人视觉特征变化规律及安全状态判别模型研究[J].公路,2016(1):138-143.
[6] 马勇,付锐.驾驶人视觉特性与行车安全研究进展[J].中国公路学报,2015,28(6):82-94.
[7] Department for Transport (Great Britain).Contributory factors for reported road accidents[EB/OL].(2018-09-27)[2019-03-04].https://www.gov.uk/government/statistical-data-sets/ras50-contributory-factors.
[8] RAMACHANDRAN M,SAHANDI R,PRAKOONWIT S,et al.A safety transport model for validation of UK coach operators for school journeys[C]// Intelligent Transport Systems-From Research and Development to the Market Uptake.Hyvink??:Springer,2017:183-191.
[9] 中华人民共和国公安部.中华人民共和国公共安全行业标准,道路交通事故信息调查:GA/T 1082-2013[S].北京:中国标准出版社,2013:2-7.
[10] 公安部交通管理局.道路交通事故深度调查工作规范(试行)[S].北京:人民交通出版社,2017:2-10.
[11] 国务院陕西安康京昆高速“8.10”特别重大道路交通事故调查组.陕西安康京昆高速“8.10”特别重大道路交通事故调查报告[EB/OL].(2018-01-31)[2019-03-04].http://dab.scybjj.gov.cn/show_news_qs.asp?id=6835.
[12] 国务院湖南郴州宜凤高速“6.26”特别重大道路交通事故调查组.湖南郴州宜凤高速“6.26”特别重大道路交通事故调查报告[EB/OL].(2017-01-13)[2019-03-04].http://www.sz.gov.cn/ytqzfzx/cn/zwgk/zdlyxxgk/aqsc/dcbg/201705/t20170518_6713615.htm.