影响湿纸幅强度主要因素的研究进展
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摘要
本文综述了抄纸过程中湿纸幅强度的重要性、湿纸幅强度形成的机理以及提高湿纸幅强度的技术和方法。纤维间的缠结、摩擦和结合力是影响湿纸幅强度的主要因素,同时浆料种类、打浆度、聚合物助剂、微纤化纤维素(MFC)、填料等对湿纸幅强度也有一定影响。
This paper summarizes the importance of wet web strength,the mechanism of wet web strength formation and the solutions to improve the wet web strength. The friction,entanglements and bonding between fibers are the main factors affecting the initial wet strength. In addition,the type of pulp,the degree of beating,polymer additives,microfibrillated cellulose( MFC) and fillers also affect the initial wet strength of the paper.
This paper summarizes the importance of wet web strength,the mechanism of wet web strength formation and the solutions to improve the wet web strength. The friction,entanglements and bonding between fibers are the main factors affecting the initial wet strength. In addition,the type of pulp,the degree of beating,polymer additives,microfibrillated cellulose( MFC) and fillers also affect the initial wet strength of the paper.
引文
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[2] HE Bei-hai,ZHANG Mei-yun,GAO Yu-jie,et al. PapermakingPrinciple and Engineering[M]. Beijing:China Light IndustryPress,2010.何北海,张美云,高玉杰,等.造纸原理与工程[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2010.
[3] Ora M. The effect of web structure on wet web runnability[J]. AppitaJournal,2012,65(3):255.
[4] Kouko J. Effects of heating,drying and straining on the relaxation andtensile properties of wet paper[D]. Finland:JyvskylUniversity,2014.
[5] Myllytie P,Holappa S,Paltakari J,et al. Effect of polymers on ag-gregation of cellulose fibrils and its implication on strength develop-ment in wet paper web[J]. Nordic Pulp&Paper Research Journal,2009,24(2):125.
[6] Bhardwaj N K,Rajan V,Sood Y V,et al. Wet web properties ofsome indigenous pulps and possibilitiesto improve the paper machinerunnability for bagasse pulp[C]//China:International Conferenceon Non Wood Fiber Pulping and Papermaking,2000.
[7] Espy H H. Mechanism of wet-strength development in paper:a review[J]. Tappi Journal,1995,78(4):90.
[8] Belle J,Kleemann S,Odermatt J,et al. A new method showing theimpact of pulp refiningon fiber-fiber interactions in wet webs[J]. Nor-dic Pulp&Paper Research Journal,2016,31(2):205.
[9] Robertson A A. The Physical Properties of Wet Webs,Fiber Proper-ties and Wet Web Behavior[J]. Svensk Pappirtidning,1963,66(12):477.
[10] Campbell W B. The cellulose-water relationship in papermaking[C]//Forest Service Bulletin 84,Dept. of the Interior,Canada,1933.
[11] Tejado A,Ven T G M V D. Why does paper get stronger as it dries?[J]. Materials Today,2010,13(9):42.
[12] Huang F,Li K,Kulachenko A. Measurement of interfiber frictionforce for pulp fibers by atomic force microscopy[J]. Journal of Ma-terials Science,2009,44(14):3770.
[13] Pelton R. A model of the external surface of wood pulp fibers[J].Nordic Pulp&Paper Research Journal,1993,8(1):113.
[14] Przybysz P,Dubowik M,Kucner M A,et al. Contribution of Hydro-gen Bonds to Paper Strength Properties[J]. Plos One,2016,11(5):e0155809.
[15] Page D H. A Quantitative Theory of the Strength of Wet Webs[J].Pulp&Paper Science,1993,19(4):175.
[16] Shallhorn P M. Effect of moisture content on wet-web tensile proper-ties[J]. Pulp&Paper Science,2002,28(11):384.
[17] Brecht W,Erfurt H. Wet web strength of mechanical and chemicalpulps of different form composition[J]. TAPPI Journal,1959,42(12):959.
[18] WEN Qiong-ju. Common varieties of paper concise manual[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2005.文琼菊.常用纸张品种简明手册[M].北京:化学工业出版,2005.
[19] Rantanen J,Maloney T C. Consolidation and dewatering of a micro-fibrillated cellulose fiber composite paper in wet pressing[J]. Euro-pean Polymer Journal,2015,68(7):585.
[20] Karenlampi P. Effect of distributions of fiber properties on tensilestrength of paper:a closed form theory[J]. Journal of Pulp&PaperScience,1995,21(4):138.
[21] Page D H,Seth R S. The elastic modulus of paper II. The impor-tance of fiber modulus bonding and fiber length[J]. TAPPI Journal,1980,63(6):113.
[22] Carlsson L A,Lindstrom T. A shear-lag approach to the tensilestrength of paper[J]. Composites Science&Technology,2005,65(2):183.
[23] CHEN Lihui,ZHAN Huaiyu. Mixed bamboo bleached sulfate pulpwet paper strength and adhesion characteristics[J]. Transactions ofChina Pulp and Paper,2003,18(2):94.陈礼辉,詹怀宇.混合竹材漂白硫酸盐浆湿纸幅强度和粘附特性[J].中国造纸学报,2003,18(2):94.
[24] TENG Jianjun,HE Beihai,XIAO Ping,et al. Study on the copyingproperties of bagasse newspaper pulp[J]. Transactions of ChinaPulp and Paper,1996(s1):40.滕建军,何北海,肖萍,等.蔗渣新闻纸浆的抄造性能研究[J].中国造纸学报,1996(s1):40.
[25] LIU Zhong,LIU Wen-xia,DAI Hong-qi,et al. Wet chemistry ofpaper making[M]. Beijing:China Light Industry Press,2010.刘忠,刘温霞,戴红旗,等.造纸湿部化学[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2010.
[26] Guimaraes N M,Figueiredo M M,Ferreira P J. Effect of soft woodson the wet-web strength of E. Globulus bleached kraft based furni-shes[C]//Portugal:Proceedings of the 28th Eucepa Conference,2003.
[27] YANG Yang,LI Qing-hua. Study on the properties of paper pulpbased on fibermorphology[J]. Transactions of China Pulp and Pa-per,2017,32(4):11.杨扬,李庆华.基于纤维形态的纸浆抄造性能研究[J].中国造纸学报,2017,32(4):11.
[28] LIU Shiliang,CHEN Zhonghao. Effect of Grinding Concentration onthe Properties of Mixed Pulp of Sugarcane Awn[J]. China Pulp&Paper,2007,26(6):27.刘士亮,陈中豪.磨浆浓度对蔗芒混合浆性质的影响[J].中国造纸,2007,26(6):27.
[29] Agoda-Tandjawa G,Durand S,Berot S,et al. Rheological charac-terization of microfibrillated cellulose suspensions after freezing[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2010,80(3):677.
[30] SU Qiufen,ZHOU Xuelin,QIU Zhiping,et al. Study on the Strengthof Reed Pulp of Wet Web[J]. China Pulp&Paper,1994,13(1):18.苏求凤,周雪林,邱志平,等.苇浆湿纸幅强度的研究[J].中国造纸,1996,13(1):18.
[31] Lindqvist H,Salminen K,Kataja-Aho J,et al. The effect of fines ondewatering,wet and dry web properties[C]//Paper Con. 2011,Covington,KY,USA,2011.
[32] Tejado A,Antal M,Ven T G M V D. Effect of EDC/ADH fibrecrosslinking on the wet-web strength of BHKP with and without PCCloading[J]. Science&Technology for Forest Products and Proces-ses,2011,1(1):27.
[33] Zakaria S. Development of wet-strength paper with dianhydride anddiacid[J]. Materials Chemistry&Physics,2004,88(2/3):239.
[34] Hamzeh Y,Sabbaghi S,Ashori A,et al. Improving wet and drystrength properties of recycled old corrugated carton(OCC)pulp u-sing various polymers[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2013, 94(1):577.
[35] Kajanto I,Kosonen M. The potential use of micro-and nanofibrillat-ed cellulose as a reinforcing element in paper[J]. Science&Tech-nology for Forest Products and Processes,2012,2(6):42.
[36] Gonzalez I,Vilaseca F,Alcala M,et al. Effect of the combinationof biobeating and NFC on the physico-mechanical properties of paper[J]. Cellulose,2013,20(3):1425.
[37] Su Jielong,Mosse W K J,Sharman S,et al. Effect of tethered andfree microfibrillated cellulose(MFC)on the properties of paper com-posites[J]. Cellulose,2013,20(4):1925.
[38] Su J,Zhang L,Batchelor W,et al. Paper engineered with cellulosicadditives:effect of length scale[J]. Cellulose,2014,21(4):2901.
[39] Hua X,Owston T,Laleg M. Wet-web strength and pressability ofhighly-filled sheets[C]//Paper Con. 2011,Covington,KY,USA,2011.
[40] Simonson P,Carlen J,Persson M. Challenges and demands towardshigher filler levels in white top liner and fine paper[C]//Paper Con2012,New Orleans,LA,USA,2012.
[41] Lindstrom T,Wagberg L,Larsson T. On the nature of joint strengthin paper-A review of dry and wet strength resins used in paper manu-facturing[J]. Journal of Chemical Physics, 1974, 1(13):10866.
[2] HE Bei-hai,ZHANG Mei-yun,GAO Yu-jie,et al. PapermakingPrinciple and Engineering[M]. Beijing:China Light IndustryPress,2010.何北海,张美云,高玉杰,等.造纸原理与工程[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2010.
[3] Ora M. The effect of web structure on wet web runnability[J]. AppitaJournal,2012,65(3):255.
[4] Kouko J. Effects of heating,drying and straining on the relaxation andtensile properties of wet paper[D]. Finland:JyvskylUniversity,2014.
[5] Myllytie P,Holappa S,Paltakari J,et al. Effect of polymers on ag-gregation of cellulose fibrils and its implication on strength develop-ment in wet paper web[J]. Nordic Pulp&Paper Research Journal,2009,24(2):125.
[6] Bhardwaj N K,Rajan V,Sood Y V,et al. Wet web properties ofsome indigenous pulps and possibilitiesto improve the paper machinerunnability for bagasse pulp[C]//China:International Conferenceon Non Wood Fiber Pulping and Papermaking,2000.
[7] Espy H H. Mechanism of wet-strength development in paper:a review[J]. Tappi Journal,1995,78(4):90.
[8] Belle J,Kleemann S,Odermatt J,et al. A new method showing theimpact of pulp refiningon fiber-fiber interactions in wet webs[J]. Nor-dic Pulp&Paper Research Journal,2016,31(2):205.
[9] Robertson A A. The Physical Properties of Wet Webs,Fiber Proper-ties and Wet Web Behavior[J]. Svensk Pappirtidning,1963,66(12):477.
[10] Campbell W B. The cellulose-water relationship in papermaking[C]//Forest Service Bulletin 84,Dept. of the Interior,Canada,1933.
[11] Tejado A,Ven T G M V D. Why does paper get stronger as it dries?[J]. Materials Today,2010,13(9):42.
[12] Huang F,Li K,Kulachenko A. Measurement of interfiber frictionforce for pulp fibers by atomic force microscopy[J]. Journal of Ma-terials Science,2009,44(14):3770.
[13] Pelton R. A model of the external surface of wood pulp fibers[J].Nordic Pulp&Paper Research Journal,1993,8(1):113.
[14] Przybysz P,Dubowik M,Kucner M A,et al. Contribution of Hydro-gen Bonds to Paper Strength Properties[J]. Plos One,2016,11(5):e0155809.
[15] Page D H. A Quantitative Theory of the Strength of Wet Webs[J].Pulp&Paper Science,1993,19(4):175.
[16] Shallhorn P M. Effect of moisture content on wet-web tensile proper-ties[J]. Pulp&Paper Science,2002,28(11):384.
[17] Brecht W,Erfurt H. Wet web strength of mechanical and chemicalpulps of different form composition[J]. TAPPI Journal,1959,42(12):959.
[18] WEN Qiong-ju. Common varieties of paper concise manual[M].Beijing:Chemical Industry Press,2005.文琼菊.常用纸张品种简明手册[M].北京:化学工业出版,2005.
[19] Rantanen J,Maloney T C. Consolidation and dewatering of a micro-fibrillated cellulose fiber composite paper in wet pressing[J]. Euro-pean Polymer Journal,2015,68(7):585.
[20] Karenlampi P. Effect of distributions of fiber properties on tensilestrength of paper:a closed form theory[J]. Journal of Pulp&PaperScience,1995,21(4):138.
[21] Page D H,Seth R S. The elastic modulus of paper II. The impor-tance of fiber modulus bonding and fiber length[J]. TAPPI Journal,1980,63(6):113.
[22] Carlsson L A,Lindstrom T. A shear-lag approach to the tensilestrength of paper[J]. Composites Science&Technology,2005,65(2):183.
[23] CHEN Lihui,ZHAN Huaiyu. Mixed bamboo bleached sulfate pulpwet paper strength and adhesion characteristics[J]. Transactions ofChina Pulp and Paper,2003,18(2):94.陈礼辉,詹怀宇.混合竹材漂白硫酸盐浆湿纸幅强度和粘附特性[J].中国造纸学报,2003,18(2):94.
[24] TENG Jianjun,HE Beihai,XIAO Ping,et al. Study on the copyingproperties of bagasse newspaper pulp[J]. Transactions of ChinaPulp and Paper,1996(s1):40.滕建军,何北海,肖萍,等.蔗渣新闻纸浆的抄造性能研究[J].中国造纸学报,1996(s1):40.
[25] LIU Zhong,LIU Wen-xia,DAI Hong-qi,et al. Wet chemistry ofpaper making[M]. Beijing:China Light Industry Press,2010.刘忠,刘温霞,戴红旗,等.造纸湿部化学[M].北京:中国轻工业出版社,2010.
[26] Guimaraes N M,Figueiredo M M,Ferreira P J. Effect of soft woodson the wet-web strength of E. Globulus bleached kraft based furni-shes[C]//Portugal:Proceedings of the 28th Eucepa Conference,2003.
[27] YANG Yang,LI Qing-hua. Study on the properties of paper pulpbased on fibermorphology[J]. Transactions of China Pulp and Pa-per,2017,32(4):11.杨扬,李庆华.基于纤维形态的纸浆抄造性能研究[J].中国造纸学报,2017,32(4):11.
[28] LIU Shiliang,CHEN Zhonghao. Effect of Grinding Concentration onthe Properties of Mixed Pulp of Sugarcane Awn[J]. China Pulp&Paper,2007,26(6):27.刘士亮,陈中豪.磨浆浓度对蔗芒混合浆性质的影响[J].中国造纸,2007,26(6):27.
[29] Agoda-Tandjawa G,Durand S,Berot S,et al. Rheological charac-terization of microfibrillated cellulose suspensions after freezing[J].Carbohydrate Polymers,2010,80(3):677.
[30] SU Qiufen,ZHOU Xuelin,QIU Zhiping,et al. Study on the Strengthof Reed Pulp of Wet Web[J]. China Pulp&Paper,1994,13(1):18.苏求凤,周雪林,邱志平,等.苇浆湿纸幅强度的研究[J].中国造纸,1996,13(1):18.
[31] Lindqvist H,Salminen K,Kataja-Aho J,et al. The effect of fines ondewatering,wet and dry web properties[C]//Paper Con. 2011,Covington,KY,USA,2011.
[32] Tejado A,Antal M,Ven T G M V D. Effect of EDC/ADH fibrecrosslinking on the wet-web strength of BHKP with and without PCCloading[J]. Science&Technology for Forest Products and Proces-ses,2011,1(1):27.
[33] Zakaria S. Development of wet-strength paper with dianhydride anddiacid[J]. Materials Chemistry&Physics,2004,88(2/3):239.
[34] Hamzeh Y,Sabbaghi S,Ashori A,et al. Improving wet and drystrength properties of recycled old corrugated carton(OCC)pulp u-sing various polymers[J]. Carbohydrate Polymers, 2013, 94(1):577.
[35] Kajanto I,Kosonen M. The potential use of micro-and nanofibrillat-ed cellulose as a reinforcing element in paper[J]. Science&Tech-nology for Forest Products and Processes,2012,2(6):42.
[36] Gonzalez I,Vilaseca F,Alcala M,et al. Effect of the combinationof biobeating and NFC on the physico-mechanical properties of paper[J]. Cellulose,2013,20(3):1425.
[37] Su Jielong,Mosse W K J,Sharman S,et al. Effect of tethered andfree microfibrillated cellulose(MFC)on the properties of paper com-posites[J]. Cellulose,2013,20(4):1925.
[38] Su J,Zhang L,Batchelor W,et al. Paper engineered with cellulosicadditives:effect of length scale[J]. Cellulose,2014,21(4):2901.
[39] Hua X,Owston T,Laleg M. Wet-web strength and pressability ofhighly-filled sheets[C]//Paper Con. 2011,Covington,KY,USA,2011.
[40] Simonson P,Carlen J,Persson M. Challenges and demands towardshigher filler levels in white top liner and fine paper[C]//Paper Con2012,New Orleans,LA,USA,2012.
[41] Lindstrom T,Wagberg L,Larsson T. On the nature of joint strengthin paper-A review of dry and wet strength resins used in paper manu-facturing[J]. Journal of Chemical Physics, 1974, 1(13):10866.