环境规制与中国城市生态效率提升——基于空间计量模型的分析
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摘要
本文基于空间视角,选取2003～2017年中国285个地级及以上城市的面板数据,通过设置3种空间计量模型,探讨了环境规制对中国城市生态效率的影响。实证结果显示:(1)环境规制对中国城市生态效率的影响存在倒"U"型曲线关系,且在不同城市之间存在明显的负向空间溢出效应;(2)东部样本、西部样本与中部样本空间溢出效应的强度依次递减,不同区域之间存在明显的空间异质性;(3)金融信贷对中国城市生态效率有显著的促进作用,政府干预对中国城市生态效率有显著的抑制作用,而人力资本对中国城市生态效率的影响具有不确定性。
Based on the perspective of spatial economics,we adopt three spatial econometric models to gauge the impact of environmental regulation on the urban eco-efficiency in China through the panel data of 285 prefecture level cities and above from 2003 to 2017.The empirical results show that,firstly,there is an inverted"U"-shaped curve relationship about the impact of environmental regulation on urban eco-efficiency in China,and there are significant and negative spatial spillover effects among diffe-rent cities.Secondly,eastern sample,western sample,and central sample's spatial spillover effects are successively decreasing,and there also exists significant spatial heterogeneity among different regions.Financial credits have a significant role in promoting urban eco-efficiency in China,and government intervention has a significant inhibitory effect on urban eco-efficiency in China.However,the impact of human capital on urban eco-efficiency in China is uncertain.
Based on the perspective of spatial economics,we adopt three spatial econometric models to gauge the impact of environmental regulation on the urban eco-efficiency in China through the panel data of 285 prefecture level cities and above from 2003 to 2017.The empirical results show that,firstly,there is an inverted"U"-shaped curve relationship about the impact of environmental regulation on urban eco-efficiency in China,and there are significant and negative spatial spillover effects among diffe-rent cities.Secondly,eastern sample,western sample,and central sample's spatial spillover effects are successively decreasing,and there also exists significant spatial heterogeneity among different regions.Financial credits have a significant role in promoting urban eco-efficiency in China,and government intervention has a significant inhibitory effect on urban eco-efficiency in China.However,the impact of human capital on urban eco-efficiency in China is uncertain.
引文
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[2]陈诗一,陈登科.雾霾污染、政府治理与经济高质量发展[J].经济研究,2018,53(2):20～34.
[3]杨文.城市发展质量及其空间分异研究[D].北京:中国农业大学,2017.
[4]李佳佳,罗能生.城市规模对生态效率的影响及区域差异分析[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2016,26(2):129～136.
[5]侯孟阳,姚顺波.中国城市生态效率测定及其时空动态演变[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2018,28(3):13～21.
[6]Gong Y D,Zhu J,Chen Y,et al.DEA As a Tool for Auditing:Application to Chinese Manufacturing Industry with Parallel Network Structures[J].Annals of Operations Research,2018,263(1-2):247～269.
[7]申晨,贾妮莎,李炫榆.环境规制与工业绿色全要素生产率——基于命令——控制型与市场激励型规制工具的实证分析[J].研究与发展管理,2017,29(2):144～154.
[8]杨志江,朱桂龙.技术创新、环境规制与能源效率——基于中国省际面板数据的实证检验[J].研究与发展管理,2017,29(4):23～32.
[9]罗能生,王玉泽.财政分权、环境规制与区域生态效率——基于动态空间杜宾模型的实证研究[J].中国人口·资源与环境,2017,27(4):110～118.
[10]李斌,曹万林.环境规制对我国循环经济绩效的影响研究——基于生态创新的视角[J].中国软科学,2017,(6):140～154.
[11]王涛,石丹.环境规制与区域工业经济增长——规模和效率的门槛效应[J].工业技术经济,2018,37(4):70～77.
[12]Elhorst J P.Matlab Software for Spatial Panels[J],International Regional Science Review,2014,37(3):389～405.