地鳖肽对氧化应激肉仔鸡生长性能、肉品质、脏器指数和抗氧化能力的影响
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摘要
本试验旨在探究地鳖肽对氢化可的松诱导的氧化应激肉仔鸡生长性能、肉品质、脏器指数和抗氧化能力的影响。选用180只1日龄健康爱拔益加(AA)肉仔鸡,随机分为5组,分别为对照组、模型组(25 mg/L氢化可的松)和3个地鳖肽组[0.4、0.8和1.6 g/kg BW,每组6个重复,每个重复6只鸡。从第4天开始,3个地鳖肽组在饮水中加地鳖肽至第21天;从第8天开始,除对照组外,其余各组均在饮水中加氢化可的松,连续5 d。试验期21 d。结果表明:1)14日龄时,模型组肉仔鸡的血清皮质酮含量显著高于对照组和地鳖肽组(P<0.05)。2)1~14日龄时,与对照组相比,模型组肉仔鸡的平均日增重(ADG)显著降低(P<0.05),料重比(F/G)显著增加(P<0.05);与模型组相比,地鳖肽组的F/G显著降低(P<0.05)。15~21日龄时,模型组的ADG和平均日采食量(ADFI)显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。1~21日龄时,模型组的ADG和ADFI显著低于对照组(P<0.05),F/G显著高于对照组(P<0.05);与模型组相比,0.4和1.6 g/kg BW地鳖肽组的F/G显著降低(P<0.05)。3)14日龄时,与对照组相比,模型组肉仔鸡的胸肌p H45 m in和红度(a*)值显著降低(P<0.05),胸肌、腿肌滴水损失显著升高(P<0.05);与模型组相比,0.8 g/kg BW地鳖肽组的胸肌p H45 m in显著升高(P<0.05),胸肌滴水损失显著降低(P<0.05),0.4和1.6 g/kg BW地鳖肽组的腿肌滴水损失显著降低(P<0.05)。21日龄时,与模型组相比,0.4 g/kg BW地鳖肽组的胸肌a*值显著升高(P<0.05),胸肌滴水损失显著降低(P<0.05)。4)14日龄时,模型组肉仔鸡的脾脏、胸腺和法氏囊指数显著低于对照组(P<0.05);21日龄时,模型组的法氏囊指数显著低于对照组和1.6 g/kg BW地鳖肽组(P<0.05)。5)14日龄时,模型组肉仔鸡的肝脏和胸肌超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著低于对照组(P<0.05),肝脏和胸肌谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著低于对照组和0.4 g/kg BW地鳖肽组(P<0.05),肝脏和胸肌过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性显著低于对照组和0.8和1.6 g/kg BW地鳖肽组(P<0.05)。14和21日龄时,模型组的肝脏和胸肌丙二醛(M DA)含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。以上结果提示,地鳖肽可有效缓解氧化应激状态下肉仔鸡的应激反应,促进肉仔鸡生长,改善肉品质,提高机体抗氧化能力。
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker polypeptides( ESW Ps) on growth performance,meat quality,organ indexes and antioxidant capacity of broilers under oxidative stress induced by hydrocortisone. One hundred and eighty 1-day-old healthy Arbor Acres( AA) broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 6 broilers per replicate. Five groups were control group,model group( 25 mg/L hydrocortisone),and 0.4,0.8 and 1.6 g/kg BW ESW Ps groups,respectively. ESW Ps were supplemented into the drinking water from the 4 thday to the 21 stday in the three ESW Ps groups. At the 8 thday,hydrocortisone were supplemented into the drinking water in all groups except control group for 5 days. The experiment lasted for 21 days. The results showed as follows: 1) serum corticosterone content of broilers in model group was significantly higher than that in control group and ESW Ps groups at14 days of age( P < 0. 05). 2) From 1 to 14 days of age,compared with control group,average daily gain( ADG) of broilers in model group was significantly decreased( P < 0. 05),and the ratio of feed to gain( F/G) significantly increased( P<0.05); compared with model group,F/G in ESWPs groups significantly decreased( P< 0.05). From 15 to 21 days of age,ADG and average daily feed intake( ADFI) in model group were significantly lower than those in control group( P< 0.05). From 1 to 21 days of age,ADG and ADFI in model group were significantly lower than those in control group( P< 0.05),F/G in model group was significantly higher than that in control group( P< 0.05); and F/G in 0.4 and 1.6 g/kg BW ESW Ps groups was significantly lower than that in model group( P < 0. 05). 3) At 14 days of age,compared with control group,p H45 m inand redness( a*) value in breast muscle of broilers in model group significantly decreased( P<0.05),and drip loss in breast and leg muscles significantly increased( P< 0.05); compared with model group,p H45 m in in breast muscle in 0.8 g/kg BW ESW Ps group significantly increased( P < 0. 05),drip loss in breast muscle was significantly decreased( P< 0. 05),and drip loss in leg muscle in 0. 4 and 1. 6 g/kg BW ESW Ps groups was significantly decreased( P< 0.05). At 21 days of age,compared with model group,the a*value in breast muscle in 0.4 g/kg BW ESW Ps group significantly increased( P< 0.05),drip loss in breast muscle significantly decreased( P< 0.05). 4) At 14 days of age,the indexes of spleen,thymus and bursa of Fabricius in model group were significantly lower than that in control group( P< 0.05). At 21 days of age,bursa of Fabricius index in model group was significantly lower than that in control group and 1. 6 g/kg BW ESW Ps group( P <0.05). 5) At 14 days of age,the activity of superoxide dismutase( SOD) in liver and breast muscle of broilers in model group was significantly lower than that in control group( P< 0.05),the activity of glutathione peroxidase( GSH-Px) in liver and breast muscle was significantly lower than that in control group and 0. 4 g/kg BW ESW Ps group( P< 0.05),and the activity of catalase( CAT) in liver and breast muscle was significantly lower than that in control group and 0.8 and 1. 6 g/kg BW ESW Ps groups( P < 0. 05). At 14 and 21 days of age,the content of malondialdehyde( MDA) in liver and breast muscle in model group was significantly higher than that in control group( P< 0.05). The results indicate that ESW Ps can effectively alleviate the stress response of broilers under oxidative stress,promote broilers growth,improve meat quality,and enhance the antioxidant capacity of broilers.
This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of Eupolyphaga sinensis Walker polypeptides( ESW Ps) on growth performance,meat quality,organ indexes and antioxidant capacity of broilers under oxidative stress induced by hydrocortisone. One hundred and eighty 1-day-old healthy Arbor Acres( AA) broilers were randomly divided into 5 groups with 6 replicates per group and 6 broilers per replicate. Five groups were control group,model group( 25 mg/L hydrocortisone),and 0.4,0.8 and 1.6 g/kg BW ESW Ps groups,respectively. ESW Ps were supplemented into the drinking water from the 4 thday to the 21 stday in the three ESW Ps groups. At the 8 thday,hydrocortisone were supplemented into the drinking water in all groups except control group for 5 days. The experiment lasted for 21 days. The results showed as follows: 1) serum corticosterone content of broilers in model group was significantly higher than that in control group and ESW Ps groups at14 days of age( P < 0. 05). 2) From 1 to 14 days of age,compared with control group,average daily gain( ADG) of broilers in model group was significantly decreased( P < 0. 05),and the ratio of feed to gain( F/G) significantly increased( P<0.05); compared with model group,F/G in ESWPs groups significantly decreased( P< 0.05). From 15 to 21 days of age,ADG and average daily feed intake( ADFI) in model group were significantly lower than those in control group( P< 0.05). From 1 to 21 days of age,ADG and ADFI in model group were significantly lower than those in control group( P< 0.05),F/G in model group was significantly higher than that in control group( P< 0.05); and F/G in 0.4 and 1.6 g/kg BW ESW Ps groups was significantly lower than that in model group( P < 0. 05). 3) At 14 days of age,compared with control group,p H45 m inand redness( a*) value in breast muscle of broilers in model group significantly decreased( P<0.05),and drip loss in breast and leg muscles significantly increased( P< 0.05); compared with model group,p H45 m in in breast muscle in 0.8 g/kg BW ESW Ps group significantly increased( P < 0. 05),drip loss in breast muscle was significantly decreased( P< 0. 05),and drip loss in leg muscle in 0. 4 and 1. 6 g/kg BW ESW Ps groups was significantly decreased( P< 0.05). At 21 days of age,compared with model group,the a*value in breast muscle in 0.4 g/kg BW ESW Ps group significantly increased( P< 0.05),drip loss in breast muscle significantly decreased( P< 0.05). 4) At 14 days of age,the indexes of spleen,thymus and bursa of Fabricius in model group were significantly lower than that in control group( P< 0.05). At 21 days of age,bursa of Fabricius index in model group was significantly lower than that in control group and 1. 6 g/kg BW ESW Ps group( P <0.05). 5) At 14 days of age,the activity of superoxide dismutase( SOD) in liver and breast muscle of broilers in model group was significantly lower than that in control group( P< 0.05),the activity of glutathione peroxidase( GSH-Px) in liver and breast muscle was significantly lower than that in control group and 0. 4 g/kg BW ESW Ps group( P< 0.05),and the activity of catalase( CAT) in liver and breast muscle was significantly lower than that in control group and 0.8 and 1. 6 g/kg BW ESW Ps groups( P < 0. 05). At 14 and 21 days of age,the content of malondialdehyde( MDA) in liver and breast muscle in model group was significantly higher than that in control group( P< 0.05). The results indicate that ESW Ps can effectively alleviate the stress response of broilers under oxidative stress,promote broilers growth,improve meat quality,and enhance the antioxidant capacity of broilers.
引文
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[3]杨子明,刘金磊,颜小捷,等.核桃多肽对D-半乳糖诱导老年小鼠血脂水平的影响[J].食品科学,2015,36(9):181-184.
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[9]韩慕俊,赵桂苹,赵景鹏,等.维生素E水平和应激对雏鸡血浆皮质酮浓度的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2009,36(7):60-62.
[10]于文会,姜龙,苏景,等.野菊花水煎剂对免疫应激鸡血清ACTH和CORT含量及下丘脑CRH mRNA表达影响[J].中国兽医杂志,2015,51(11):42-44.
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[13]岳洪源.日粮氧化大豆油对蛋鸡脂代谢及抗氧化机能影响的研究[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院,2011.
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[15]胡骁飞,呙于明.生理应激对肉仔鸡胴体品质及肌肉品质影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2010,15(2):71-76.
[16]MYLONAS C,KOURETAS D.Lipid peroxidation and tissue dam age[J].In Vivo,1999,13(3):295-309.
[17]ZHANG W H,GAO F,ZHU Q F,et al.Dietary sodium butyrate alleviates the oxidative stress induced by corticosterone exposure and im proves m eat quality in broiler chickens[J].Poultry Science,2011,90(11):2592-2599.
[18]DEBUT M,BERRI C,BAEZA E,et al.Variation of chicken technological m eat quality in relation to genotype and preslaughter stress conditions[J].Poultry Science,2003,82(12):1829-1838.
[19]高晶.应激对肉鸡脂质过氧化状态及肉质的影响[D].硕士学位论文.泰安:山东农业大学,2008.
[20]武书庚.肉仔鸡氧化应激模型的研究[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院,2007.
[21]MUJAHID A,AKIBA Y,TOYOMIZU M.Olive oilsupplem ented diet alleviates acute heat stress-induced m itochondrial ROS production in chicken skeletal m uscle[J].Am erican Journal of Physiology Regulatory Integrative&Com parative Physiology,2009,297(3):R690-698.
[22]闵育娜,李华磊,刘少凯,等.酒糟对氧化应激肉鸡肉品质和抗氧化能力的影响[J].西北农业学报,2014,23(12):43-50.
[23]李永义.茶多酚对氧化应激仔猪的保护作用及机制研究[D].博士学位论文.雅安:四川农业大学,2011.
[2]LI Y,YU J M.Research progress in structure-activity relationship of bioactive peptides[J].Journal of M edicinal Food,2015,18(2):147-56.
[3]杨子明,刘金磊,颜小捷,等.核桃多肽对D-半乳糖诱导老年小鼠血脂水平的影响[J].食品科学,2015,36(9):181-184.
[4]TIE R,JI L L,NAN Y,et al.Achyranthes bidentata polypeptides reduces oxidative stress and exerts protective effects against m yocardial ischem ic/reperfusion injury in rats[J].International Journal of M olecular Sciences,2013,14(10):19792-19804.
[5]刘卫东,宋素芳,程璞,等.大米蛋白肽对热应激时蛋鸡生产性能和相关生理生化指标的影响[J].中国粮油学报,2012,27(12):89-92.
[6]李岗生,闫芝芬,郭延军,等.地鳖虫[M].北京:中国中医药出版社,2000.
[7]KALAM S S R,MANI A,PATEL J,et al.Antioxidants:elixir of life[J].International M ultidisciplinary Research Journal,2012,2(1):18-34.
[8]ZULKIFLI I,SIEGEL H S,MASHALY M M,et al.Inhibition of adrenal steroidogenesis,neonatal feed restriction,and pituitary-adrenal axis response to subsequent fasting in chickens[J].General and Com parative Endocrinology,1995,97(1):49-56.
[9]韩慕俊,赵桂苹,赵景鹏,等.维生素E水平和应激对雏鸡血浆皮质酮浓度的影响[J].中国畜牧兽医,2009,36(7):60-62.
[10]于文会,姜龙,苏景,等.野菊花水煎剂对免疫应激鸡血清ACTH和CORT含量及下丘脑CRH mRNA表达影响[J].中国兽医杂志,2015,51(11):42-44.
[11]LI Y,CAI H Y,LIU G H,et al.Effects of stress simulated by dexam ethasone on jejunal glucose transport in broilers[J].Poultry Science,2009,88(2):330-337.
[12]GAO J,LIN H,WANG X J,et al.Vitamin E supplem entation alleviates the oxidative stress induced by dexam ethasone treatm ent and im proves m eat quality in broiler chickens[J].Poultry Science,2010,89(2):318-327.
[13]岳洪源.日粮氧化大豆油对蛋鸡脂代谢及抗氧化机能影响的研究[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院,2011.
[14]EID Y,EBEID T,YOUNIS H.Vitamin E supplementation reduces dexam ethasone-induced oxidative stress in chicken sem en[J].British Poultry Science,2006,47(3):350-356.
[15]胡骁飞,呙于明.生理应激对肉仔鸡胴体品质及肌肉品质影响[J].中国农业大学学报,2010,15(2):71-76.
[16]MYLONAS C,KOURETAS D.Lipid peroxidation and tissue dam age[J].In Vivo,1999,13(3):295-309.
[17]ZHANG W H,GAO F,ZHU Q F,et al.Dietary sodium butyrate alleviates the oxidative stress induced by corticosterone exposure and im proves m eat quality in broiler chickens[J].Poultry Science,2011,90(11):2592-2599.
[18]DEBUT M,BERRI C,BAEZA E,et al.Variation of chicken technological m eat quality in relation to genotype and preslaughter stress conditions[J].Poultry Science,2003,82(12):1829-1838.
[19]高晶.应激对肉鸡脂质过氧化状态及肉质的影响[D].硕士学位论文.泰安:山东农业大学,2008.
[20]武书庚.肉仔鸡氧化应激模型的研究[D].博士学位论文.北京:中国农业科学院,2007.
[21]MUJAHID A,AKIBA Y,TOYOMIZU M.Olive oilsupplem ented diet alleviates acute heat stress-induced m itochondrial ROS production in chicken skeletal m uscle[J].Am erican Journal of Physiology Regulatory Integrative&Com parative Physiology,2009,297(3):R690-698.
[22]闵育娜,李华磊,刘少凯,等.酒糟对氧化应激肉鸡肉品质和抗氧化能力的影响[J].西北农业学报,2014,23(12):43-50.
[23]李永义.茶多酚对氧化应激仔猪的保护作用及机制研究[D].博士学位论文.雅安:四川农业大学,2011.