日粮代谢能和粗蛋白质水平对0～6周龄太行鸡育肥公鸡生长性能及营养物质表观代谢率的影响
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摘要
试验通过研究日粮中不同水平代谢能和粗蛋白质对0~6周龄太行鸡育肥公鸡生长性能和营养物质表观代谢率的影响,确定日粮中适宜的代谢能和粗蛋白质水平,为太行鸡公鸡育肥提供依据。选取1日龄540只健康太行鸡公鸡,随机分成9组,每组4个重复,每个重复15只。采用两因素三水平的试验设计,设置日粮代谢能水平分别为11.75、12.15、12.55 MJ/kg,粗蛋白质水平分别为16.1%、17.6%、19.1%,共9种日粮。结果表明:日粮中不同代谢能水平对0~6周龄太行鸡育肥公鸡的生长性能有显著影响(P<0.05),不同粗蛋白质水平对期末体重和日增重有显著影响(P<0.05),代谢能和粗蛋白质水平在生长性能上表现出显著交互作用(P<0.05)。日粮中不同代谢能水平对0~6周龄太行鸡育肥公鸡的能量和粗蛋白表观代谢率均有显著影响(P<0.05),而不同粗蛋白质水平对能量、粗蛋白、钙和磷表观代谢率均无显著影响(P>0.05),日粮代谢能和粗蛋白质水平在能量和粗蛋白表观代谢率上表现出显著交互作用(P<0.05)。综合考虑生长性能和营养物质表观代谢率指标,建议0~6周龄太行鸡育肥公鸡日粮适宜代谢能水平为12.15 MJ/kg,粗蛋白质水平为17.6%。
This experiment was conducted to study the effect of different dietary metabolizable energy(ME) and crude protein(CP) level on growth performance and nutrient apparent metabolic rate of fattened Taihang roosters aged from 0 to 6 weeks, to determine the appropriate ME and CP level production. A total of 540 healthy 1-day-age Taihang roosters were randomly allocated to 9 groups with 4 replicates per group and 15 roosters per replicate. The experiment was designed with 2 factors and 3 levels. Dietary metabolizable energy levels were 11.75, 12.15 and12.55 MJ/kg, crude protein levels were 16.1%, 17.6% and 19.1%, respectively. The results showed as follows: different energy levels had a significant influence on the growth performance(P<0.05), while different protein levels had a significant influence on final body weight and arerage daily gain(ADG)(P<0.05), and there was significant interaction between energy and protein in growth performance(P<0.05). Different energy levels had a significant influence on the apparent metabolic rate of energy and crude protein(P<0.05), while different protein levels had no significant influence on the apparent metabolic rate of nutrients(P>0.05), and there was significant interaction between energy and protein in the apparent metabolic rate of energy and crude protein(P<0.05). Considering the growth performance and apparent metabolic rate of nutrients, It′s recommend that the optimum dietary ME level of 0-6-week-age fattened Taihang rooster was 12.15 MJ/kg, CP level was 17.6%.
This experiment was conducted to study the effect of different dietary metabolizable energy(ME) and crude protein(CP) level on growth performance and nutrient apparent metabolic rate of fattened Taihang roosters aged from 0 to 6 weeks, to determine the appropriate ME and CP level production. A total of 540 healthy 1-day-age Taihang roosters were randomly allocated to 9 groups with 4 replicates per group and 15 roosters per replicate. The experiment was designed with 2 factors and 3 levels. Dietary metabolizable energy levels were 11.75, 12.15 and12.55 MJ/kg, crude protein levels were 16.1%, 17.6% and 19.1%, respectively. The results showed as follows: different energy levels had a significant influence on the growth performance(P<0.05), while different protein levels had a significant influence on final body weight and arerage daily gain(ADG)(P<0.05), and there was significant interaction between energy and protein in growth performance(P<0.05). Different energy levels had a significant influence on the apparent metabolic rate of energy and crude protein(P<0.05), while different protein levels had no significant influence on the apparent metabolic rate of nutrients(P>0.05), and there was significant interaction between energy and protein in the apparent metabolic rate of energy and crude protein(P<0.05). Considering the growth performance and apparent metabolic rate of nutrients, It′s recommend that the optimum dietary ME level of 0-6-week-age fattened Taihang rooster was 12.15 MJ/kg, CP level was 17.6%.
引文
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[2]苏从成.华北柴鸡生长规律的研究[J].家禽科学,2012(10):7-9.
[3]王娟,臧素敏,元娜,等.太行鸡生长期消化道pH及主要消化酶变化规律的研究[J].中国家禽,2010,32(1):16-19.
[4]李利,臧素敏,王鹏,等.太行鸡肌肉品质的分析[J].动物营养报,2011(9):1592-1599.
[5]张丽英.饲料分析及饲料质量检测技术[M].北京:中国农业出版社,2016:7.
[6]贺军.日粮能量水平对0~5周龄白羽肉鸡生长性能的影响[J].国外畜牧学(猪与禽),2011(5):62-63.
[7]冯焯,赵国先,李树鹏,等.日粮代谢能和粗蛋白质水平对育雏期太行鸡生长性能及血液生化指标的影响[J].中国饲料,2016(21):18-22.
[8]官丽辉,刘海斌,张立永,等.不同能量、蛋白水平日粮对育雏期塞北乌骨鸡生长发育规律、生化指标和肠道消化酶的影响[J].中国兽医学报,2013(8):1292-1300.
[9]袁超,宋华慧,严华祥,等.日粮能量、蛋白水平对育雏期绿壳蛋鸡生长性能和屠体成分及血清生化指标的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2013(23):26-30.
[10]FRINKHA M,SAFAA H M,JIMéNEZ-MORENO E,et al.Influence of energy concentration and feed form of the diet on growth performance and digestive traits of brown egglaying pullets from 1 to 120 days of age[J].Animal Feed Science and Techology,2009,153(3/4):292-302.
[11]陈小鸽,王彩玲,刘应鹏,等.不同能量水平日粮对肉杂817生长性能的影响[J].饲料工业,2007(5):43-45.
[12]郭添福.低蛋白质日粮和单一性别对1~48日龄肉鸡生产性能、血浆代谢物、消化性和氮排泄量的影响[J].江西饲料,2012(3):17-25.
[13]HERNáNDEZ F,LóPEZ M,MARTíNEZ S,et al.Effect of low-protein diets and single sex on production performance,plasmametabolites,digestibility,and nitrogen excretion in 1 to48-day-old broilers[J].Poultry Science,2012(91):683-692.
[14]MUSHTAQ T,SARWAR M,ABROAD G,et al.Influence of sunflower meal based diets supplemented with exogenous enzyme and digestible lysine on performancedigestibility and carcass response of broiler chickens[J].Animal Feed Science and Technology,2009,149(3-4):275-286.
[15]王磊.0~4月龄鸵鸟日粮适宜能量、蛋白水平的研究[D].杨凌:西北农林科技大学,2009.
[16]胡艳,王向荣,刘绍伟,等.1~56日龄慢长型湘黄肉鸡能量和蛋白质需要量的研究[J].湖南畜牧兽医,2011(6):6-8.
[17]程红娜,梁明振,杨家晃,等.日粮代谢能、粗蛋白质、钙和磷水平对合浦鹅养分利用率的影响[J].粮食与饲料工业,2007(8):38-40.
[18]李莉,卜泽明,罗世乾,等.日粮能量和蛋白水平对桂香雏鸡饲料营养物质表观消化率的影响[J].南方农业学报,2015(2):344-348.
[19]刘璐.广西东兰乌鸡生长期适宜能量和蛋白质水平的研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2016.
[20]冯凯玲,蒋启东,董泽敏,等.夏季不同能量和蛋白水平对30~60日龄麻鸭物质代谢率、血清生化指标和肌肉成分的影响[J].中国家禽,2014,36(5):24-30.
[21]李俊波,左绍群,张克英.生长前期丝羽乌骨鸡饲粮适宜能量、蛋白水平研究[J].动物营养学报,2000(3):37-43.
[22]吕铭翰,丁雪梅,白世平,等.1~28日龄二郎山山地鸡饲粮适宜的代谢能和粗蛋白质水平[J].动物营养学报,2014(9):2530-2541.
[23]许晟玮.广西桂香鸡适宜日粮能量蛋白水平研究[D].南宁:广西大学,2012.
[24]王润莲,汪忠艳,张锐,等.0~6周龄贵妃鸡适宜饲粮能量和蛋白质水平的研究[J].家禽科学,2013(3):10-14.