1982—2015年新疆地区植被生长对气温的响应
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摘要
基于1982—2015年归一化植被指数(NDVI)数据集、植被类型和气象数据,采用滑动偏相关分析、线性趋势分析和GIS空间分析方法,揭示了新疆地区生长季植被对气温响应的变化特征.结果表明:研究期间,在整个生长季,新疆地区植被活动对气温变化的响应强度呈现明显的降低趋势;季节尺度上,这种响应关系的变化趋势在夏、秋两季较为明显,春季植被活动对气温变化响应的变化趋势与之相反.在整个生长季,不同类型植被对气温变化的响应呈现减弱态势;在春季,草地和森林对气温变化的响应呈现显著增强趋势,而灌丛和荒漠对气温变化的响应趋势正好相反;在夏季,4种植被(草地、灌丛、荒漠、森林)对气温变化的响应均呈现显著降低趋势;在秋季,4种植被对气温变化的响应均没有显著的统计学特征.新疆地区生长季气温对植被的影响力减弱具有区域的普遍性特征,这可能与研究区降雨和太阳辐射活动变化的有关.
Combined with the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) dataset, vegetation type data, and meteorological data, we revealed the variation of vegetation growth responses to air temperature in the growing-season during 1982-2015 in Xinjiang, using the moving-windows based partial correlation analysis, the unitary linear regression analysis and GIS spatial analysis. Results showed that, in the whole growing-seasons of study period, there was a significant downturn trend in the responses of vegetation growth to temperature. At the seasonal scale, the downturn trend was obvious especially in summer and autumn, while it was in adverse in spring. During the whole gro-wing season, the responses of different vegetation types to air temperature change showed a decreasing trend. Seasonally, the responses of grassland and forest to temperature change showed a significant increase, while that of shrubland and desert were exactly the opposite in spring. The responses of all natural vegetation(grassland, shrubland, desert and forest) to temperature change showed a significant decreasing trend in summer, whereas their responses in autumn had no significant statistical characteristics. Spatially, the decreasing influence of temperature on the vegetation growth during the growing season in Xinjiang was universal, which might be due to the change in precipitation and solar radiation.
Combined with the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI) dataset, vegetation type data, and meteorological data, we revealed the variation of vegetation growth responses to air temperature in the growing-season during 1982-2015 in Xinjiang, using the moving-windows based partial correlation analysis, the unitary linear regression analysis and GIS spatial analysis. Results showed that, in the whole growing-seasons of study period, there was a significant downturn trend in the responses of vegetation growth to temperature. At the seasonal scale, the downturn trend was obvious especially in summer and autumn, while it was in adverse in spring. During the whole gro-wing season, the responses of different vegetation types to air temperature change showed a decreasing trend. Seasonally, the responses of grassland and forest to temperature change showed a significant increase, while that of shrubland and desert were exactly the opposite in spring. The responses of all natural vegetation(grassland, shrubland, desert and forest) to temperature change showed a significant decreasing trend in summer, whereas their responses in autumn had no significant statistical characteristics. Spatially, the decreasing influence of temperature on the vegetation growth during the growing season in Xinjiang was universal, which might be due to the change in precipitation and solar radiation.
引文
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[21] Wang Z (王钊),Li D-K (李登科).Spatial-temporal distribution of vegetation net primary productivity and its driving factors from 2000 to 2015 in Shaanxi,China.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2018,29(6):1876-1884 (in Chinese)
[22] D’Arrigo R,Wilson R,Liepert B,et al.On the ‘divergence problem’ in northern forests:A review of the tree-ring evidence and possible causes.Global and Plane-tary Change,2008,60:289-305
[23] Briffa KR,Schweingruber FH,Jones PD,et al.Reduced sensitivity of recent tree-growth to temperature at high northern latitudes.Nature,1998,391:678-682
[24] Andreu-Hayles L,D’Arrigo R,Anchukaitis KJ,et al.Varying boreal forest response to Arctic environmental change at the Firth River,Alaska.Environtal Research Letters,2011,6:45503
[25] Fu Y,Zhao H,Piao S,et al.Declining global warming effects on the phenology of spring leaf unfolding.Nature,2015,526:104-107
[2] Zhao J (赵杰),Du Z-Q (杜自强),Wu Z-T (武志涛),et al.Seasonal variations of day- and nighttime warming and their effects on vegetation dynamics in China’s temperate zone.Acta Geographica Sinica (地理学报),2018,73(3):395-404 (in Chinese)
[3] Piao S,Wang X,Ciais P,et al.Changes in satellite-derived vegetation growth trend in temperate and boreal Eurasia from 1982 to 2006.Global Change Biology,2011,17:3228-3239
[4] Zhu Z,Piao S,Myneni RB,et al.Greening of the earth and its drivers.Nature Climate Change,2016,6:791-795
[5] Wu X,Liu H,Li X,et al.Seasonal divergence in the interannual responses of Northern Hemisphere vegetation activity to variations in diurnal climate.Scientific Reports,2016,6:19000,doi:10.1038/srep19000
[6] Piao S,Friedlingstein P,Ciais P,et al.Effect of climate and CO2 changes on the greening of the Northern Hemisphere over the past two decades.Geophysical Research Letters,2006,33:L23402,doi:10.1029/2006GL028205
[7] Piao S,Nan H,Huntingford C,et al.Evidence for a weakening relationship between interannual temperature variability and northern vegetation activity.Nature Communications,2014,5:5018,doi:10.1038/ncomms6018
[8] Du Z,Zhang X,Xu X,et al.Quantifying influences of physiographic factors on temperate dryland vegetation,Northwest China.Scientific Reports,2017,7:40092,doi:10.1038/srep40092
[9] Pang J (庞静),Du Z-Q (杜自强),Zhang X-Y (张霄羽).Time-lagged response of vegetation to hydro-thermal factors in Xinjiang Region.Chinese Journal of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning (中国农业资源与区划),2015,36(7):82-88 (in Chinese)
[10] Hou X-Y (候学煜),Sun S-Z (孙世洲),Zhang J-W (张经炜).Vegetation Map of The People’s Republic of China.Beijing:China Cartographic Press,1979 (in Chinese)
[11] Zhao J (赵杰),Liu X-J (刘雪佳),Du Z-Q (杜自强),et al.Effects of the asymmetric diurnal-warming on vegetation dynamics in Xinjiang.China Environmental Science (中国环境科学),2017,37(6):2316-2321 (in Chinese)
[12] Wang B,Zhang M,Wei J,et al.Changes in extreme events of temperature and precipitation over Xinjiang,Northwest China,during 1960-2009.Quaternary International,2013,298:141-151
[13] Fang S,Yan J,Che M,et al.Climate change and the ecological responses in Xinjiang,China:Model simulations and data analyses.Quaternary International,2013,311:108-116
[14] Jiapaer G,Liang S,Yi Q,et al.Vegetation dynamics and responses to recent climate change in Xinjiang using leaf area index as an indicator.Ecological Indicators,2015,58:64-76
[15] Cao X,Chen X,Bao A,et al.Response of vegetation to temperature and precipitation in Xinjiang during the period of 1998-2009.Journal of Arid Land,2011,3:94-103
[16] He B,Chen A,Jiang W,et al.The response of vegetation growth to shifts in trend of temperature in China.Journal of Geographical Sciences,2017,27:801-816
[17] Cong N,Shen M,Yang W,et al.Varying responses of vegetation activity to climate changes on the Tibetan Plateau grassland.International Journal of Biometeoro-logy,2017,61:1433-1444
[18] Du J,Shu J,Yin J,et al.Analysis on spatio-temporal trends and drivers in vegetation growth during recent decades in Xinjiang,China.International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation,2015,38:216-228
[19] Du J-Q (杜加强),Jiaeh AHT (贾尔恒·阿哈提),Zhao C-X (赵晨曦),et al.Dynamic changes in vegetation NDVI from 1982 to 2012 and its responses to climate change and human activities in Xinjiang,China.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2015,26(12):3567-3578 (in Chinese)
[20] Guo A-J (郭爱军),Chang J-X (畅建霞),Wang Y-M (王义民),et al.Variation characteristics of rainfall-runoff relationship and driving factors analysis in Jinghe River basin in nearly 50 years.Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (农业工程学报),2015,31(14):165-171 (in Chinese)
[21] Wang Z (王钊),Li D-K (李登科).Spatial-temporal distribution of vegetation net primary productivity and its driving factors from 2000 to 2015 in Shaanxi,China.Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology (应用生态学报),2018,29(6):1876-1884 (in Chinese)
[22] D’Arrigo R,Wilson R,Liepert B,et al.On the ‘divergence problem’ in northern forests:A review of the tree-ring evidence and possible causes.Global and Plane-tary Change,2008,60:289-305
[23] Briffa KR,Schweingruber FH,Jones PD,et al.Reduced sensitivity of recent tree-growth to temperature at high northern latitudes.Nature,1998,391:678-682
[24] Andreu-Hayles L,D’Arrigo R,Anchukaitis KJ,et al.Varying boreal forest response to Arctic environmental change at the Firth River,Alaska.Environtal Research Letters,2011,6:45503
[25] Fu Y,Zhao H,Piao S,et al.Declining global warming effects on the phenology of spring leaf unfolding.Nature,2015,526:104-107