考虑路径走行时间边界的行程时间可靠性研究
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摘要
以路径的自由流时间为路径走行时间的下边界,提出了截断正态分布条件下的出行时间预算模型,并将其与一般正态分布条件下的出行时间预算模型进行对比.在多用户随机网络条件下,假定出行者的期望准时到达概率是异质的,并建立了基于可靠性的多类用户随机用户均衡模型.研究结果表明,在截断正态分布条件下,出行者的预算时间更大,且其风险厌恶水平是基于情景自适应的.同时,对准时到达要求较高的出行者倾向于选择可靠性较大的路径,对准时到达要求不高的出行者倾向于选择平均走行时间较小的路径.
Through assuming the route-free flow travel time as the lower bound of route travel time,the travel time budget model with truncated normal distribution was proposed.And the model was compared with the travel time budget model with general normal distribution.In the multi-class user stochastic network,travelers were assumed to be heterogeneous with respect to their desired on-time arrival probabilities.Then the reliability-based multi-class stochastic user equilibrium model was developed,its equivalent variational inequality formulation was given.The results show that the budget time of travelers under truncated normal distribution is larger than that under general normal distribution.In this case, the risk aversion levels of travelers are context-based adaptive.In addition,the results also demonstrate that the punctual travelers tend to choose the routes with the better reliability.Nevertheless,the risky travelers prefer to choose the routes with the less average travel time.
Through assuming the route-free flow travel time as the lower bound of route travel time,the travel time budget model with truncated normal distribution was proposed.And the model was compared with the travel time budget model with general normal distribution.In the multi-class user stochastic network,travelers were assumed to be heterogeneous with respect to their desired on-time arrival probabilities.Then the reliability-based multi-class stochastic user equilibrium model was developed,its equivalent variational inequality formulation was given.The results show that the budget time of travelers under truncated normal distribution is larger than that under general normal distribution.In this case, the risk aversion levels of travelers are context-based adaptive.In addition,the results also demonstrate that the punctual travelers tend to choose the routes with the better reliability.Nevertheless,the risky travelers prefer to choose the routes with the less average travel time.
引文
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[15] TAN Z,YANG H,GUO R.Pareto efficiency of reliability-based traffic equilibria and risk-taking behavior of travelers [J].Transportation research part B:methodological,2014,66:16- 31.
[16] 王倩,周晶,徐薇.基于累积前景理论考虑路网通行能力退化的用户均衡模型 [J].系统工程理论与实践,2013,33(6):1563- 1569.WANG Qian,ZHOU Jing,XU Wei.A user equilibrium model based on the cumulative prospect theory for a degradable transport network [J].System Engineering-Theory & Practice,2013,33(6):1563- 1569.
[2] LAM T C,SMALL K A.The value of time and reliability:measurement from a value pricing experiment [J].Transportation Research Part E:Logistics and Transportation Review,2001,37(2):231- 251.
[3] CHEN A,ZHOU Z.The α-reliable mean-excess traffic equilibrium model with stochastic travel times [J].Transportation Research Part B:Methodological,2010,44(4):493- 513.
[4] 黄中祥,况爱武,范文婷,等.出行信息对道路网络出行时间可靠性的影响 [J].交通运输系统工程与信息,2012,12(6):93- 99.HUANG Zhong-xiang,KUANG Ai-wu,FAN Wen-ting,et al.Impacts of travel information on road network travel time reliability [J].Journal of Transportation Systems Engineering and Information Technology,2012,12(6):93- 99.
[5] 曾明华,杨晓光,李夏苗.基于先进交通信息的多目标多类用户降级网络双层优化 [J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2016,47(7):2528- 2536.ZENG Ming-hua,YANG Xiao-guang,LI Xia-miao.Multi-user and multi-objective bi-level optimization of degradable road network based on advanced traffic information [J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2016,47(7):2528- 2536.
[6] WARDROP J G.Sometheoreticalaspectsof road traffic research [J].Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers,1952,1(3):325- 362.
[7] LO H K,TUNG Y K.Network with degradable links:capacity analysis and design [J].Transportation Research Part B:Methodological,2003,37(4):345- 363.
[8] LO H K,LUO X W,SIU B W Y.Degradable transport network:travel time budget of travelers with heterogeneous risk aversion [J].Transportation Research Part B:Methodological,2006,40(9):792- 806.
[9] CHEN A,ZHOU Z,LAM W H K.Modeling stochastic perception error in the mean-excess traffic equilibrium model [J].Transportation Research Part B:Methodological,2011,45(10):1619- 1640.
[10] XU H,LOU Y,YIN Y,et al.A prospect-based user equilibrium model with endogenous reference points and its application in congestion pricing [J].Transportation Research Part B:Methodological,2011,45(2):311- 328.
[11] 要甲,史峰,周钊,等.基于出行时间预算的多模式多类用户城市交通均衡分析 [J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2011,42(11):3572- 3577.YAO Jia,SHI Feng,ZHOU Zhao,et al.Multi-mode and multi-class user’s urban transportation equilibrium analysis based on travel time budget [J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2011,42(11):3572- 3577.
[12] 何胜学.基于出行时间预算的多用户交通分配模型及算法 [J].公路交通科技,2009,26(5):107- 111,116.HE Sheng-xue.Multi-class traffic assignment model and algorithm based on travel time budget [J].Journal of Highway and Transportation Research and Development,2009,26(5):107- 111,116.
[13] 孟梦,邵春福,曾靖静,等.降级路网组合出行交通流分配模型与算法 [J].中南大学学报(自然科学版),2014,45(2):643- 649.MENG Meng,SHAO Chun-fu,ZENG Jing-jing,et al.Traffic assignment model and algorithm with combined modes in a degraded transportation network [J].Journal of Central South University(Science and Technology),2014,45(2):643- 649.
[14] LAM W H K,SHAO H,SUMALEE A.Modeling impacts of adverse weather conditions on a road network with uncertainties in demand and supply [J].Transportation research part B:methodological,2008,42(10):890- 910.
[15] TAN Z,YANG H,GUO R.Pareto efficiency of reliability-based traffic equilibria and risk-taking behavior of travelers [J].Transportation research part B:methodological,2014,66:16- 31.
[16] 王倩,周晶,徐薇.基于累积前景理论考虑路网通行能力退化的用户均衡模型 [J].系统工程理论与实践,2013,33(6):1563- 1569.WANG Qian,ZHOU Jing,XU Wei.A user equilibrium model based on the cumulative prospect theory for a degradable transport network [J].System Engineering-Theory & Practice,2013,33(6):1563- 1569.