上海市崇明区学龄前儿童单纯性肥胖流行病学调查
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摘要
目的观察上海市崇明区学龄前儿童单纯性肥胖流行病学特征及其影响因素。方法 2018-01/08采用分层整群抽样法,抽取崇明岛地区常住健康学龄前儿童8 357例作为研究对象,观察每个年龄段发生肥胖儿童的发生率,以及可能影响儿童体重差异的因素。结果对8 357名学龄前儿童进行单纯性肥胖情况调查,结果发现0～6岁各年龄段发生儿童肥胖发生率分别为1. 00%、1. 62%、2. 28%、4. 18%、5. 56%、4. 68%和5. 78%,肥胖总发生率为4. 10%,轻度肥胖发生率为2. 78%、中度肥胖发生率为1. 27%,重度肥胖发生率为0. 06%。超重发生率为14. 20%。以单纯性肥胖患儿作为因变量,将儿童的食欲、进食速度、挑食或偏食习惯、用餐方式、在外就餐次数、户外活动时间、平均每天睡觉时间、夜间睡眠质量、父母文化程度、父母BMI、主要看护人进行量化后作为自变量,进行多因素Logistic回归分析,结果提示食欲、挑食或偏食习惯、户外活动时间、母亲BMI、母乳喂养时间是与儿童单纯性肥胖相关的独立因素,其中户外活动时间与母乳喂养时间是保护性因素。结论不良饮食习惯和较少的运动是导致学龄前儿童单纯性肥胖的主要原因,因此应该注意儿童合理的膳食结构和运动习惯,从而减少儿童单纯性肥胖的发生。
Objective To observe the epidemiologic feature of simple obesity among preschool children in Chongming District. Methods Stratified cluster method was used to observe the selected 8 357 healthy preschool children in Chongming Island as the subjects to know the incidence of obese children in each age group,and the factors that might affect the weight difference of children. Results The 8 357 preschool children were investigated for simple obesity. The results showed that the incidence of obesity in children at 0-6 years old was 1. 00%,1. 62%,2. 28%,4. 18%,5. 56%,4. 68%,5. 78%. The total incidence of obesity was4. 10%,the incidence of mild obesity was 2. 78%,moderate obesity was 1. 27%,and the incidence of sever obesity was 0. 06%. The incidence of overweight was 14. 20%. Simple obesity was taken as the dependent variable,the children's appetite,their eat speed,picky or bias, eating customs, times of eating out, outdoor activities, average daily sleep, night sleep quality,parents' educational level,BMI of parents and the main caregivers were quantified as independent variables.Factor Logistic regression analysis showed that appetite,picky or bias,outdoor activity time,parents' BMI and breastfeeding time were independent factors associated with children's simple obesity,and outdoor activity time and breastfeeding time were protective factors. Conclusion Poor eating habits and less exercise are the main causes of simple obesity in preschool children. Therefore,the rational dietary structure and exercise habits of children should be paid attention to,so as to reduce the incidence of simple obesity in children.
Objective To observe the epidemiologic feature of simple obesity among preschool children in Chongming District. Methods Stratified cluster method was used to observe the selected 8 357 healthy preschool children in Chongming Island as the subjects to know the incidence of obese children in each age group,and the factors that might affect the weight difference of children. Results The 8 357 preschool children were investigated for simple obesity. The results showed that the incidence of obesity in children at 0-6 years old was 1. 00%,1. 62%,2. 28%,4. 18%,5. 56%,4. 68%,5. 78%. The total incidence of obesity was4. 10%,the incidence of mild obesity was 2. 78%,moderate obesity was 1. 27%,and the incidence of sever obesity was 0. 06%. The incidence of overweight was 14. 20%. Simple obesity was taken as the dependent variable,the children's appetite,their eat speed,picky or bias, eating customs, times of eating out, outdoor activities, average daily sleep, night sleep quality,parents' educational level,BMI of parents and the main caregivers were quantified as independent variables.Factor Logistic regression analysis showed that appetite,picky or bias,outdoor activity time,parents' BMI and breastfeeding time were independent factors associated with children's simple obesity,and outdoor activity time and breastfeeding time were protective factors. Conclusion Poor eating habits and less exercise are the main causes of simple obesity in preschool children. Therefore,the rational dietary structure and exercise habits of children should be paid attention to,so as to reduce the incidence of simple obesity in children.
引文
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[14]Hoffmann DA,Marx JM,Kiefner-burmeister A,et al.Influence of maternal feeding goals and practices on children'seating behaviors[J]. Appetite,2016,107(3):21-27.
[15]Albuquerque G,Severo M,Oliveira A. Early life characteristics associated with Appetite-related eating behaviors in 7-year-old children[J]. J Pediatrics,2017,180(1):38-46.
[2]吴旭龙,赵雯,李晶晶,等.北京市学龄前儿童单纯性肥胖影响因素研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2015,23(4):340-343.
[3]李少闻,王思思,雷晓梅,等.西安市城区2013年0~6岁儿童超重肥胖流行病学调查[J].中国学校卫生,2016,37(9):1380-1382.
[4]刘彦琦,赵卫平,孙艳宏.呼和浩特地区学龄前儿童肥胖现状及危险因素分析[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2015,23(4):385-387.
[5]Rutayisire E,Wu X,Huang K,et al. Cesarean section Mayincrease the risk of both overweight and obesity in preschoolchildren[J]. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth,2016,16(5):338-345.
[6]Brittos T,Desouza WB,Anschau F,et al. Lipids and leukocytes in newborn umbilical vein blood,birth weight and maternal body mass index[J]. J Dev Orig Health DIS,2016,7(6):672-677.
[7]Parrino C,Vinciguerra F,La spina N,et al. Influence of earlylife and parental factors on childhood overweight and obesity[J]. J Endocrinol Invest,2016,39(11):1315-1321.
[8]Lemas DJ,Yee S,Cacho N,et al. Exploring the contribution of maternal antibiotics and breastfeeding to development of the infant microbiome and pediatric obesity[J]. Semin Fetal Neonatal Med,2016,21(6):406-409.
[9]李少闻,王思思,雷晓梅,等. 2013年西安市城区0~6岁儿童超重/肥胖流行病学调查[J].中国妇幼保健,2016,31(19):4027-4030.
[10]张莹莹,郭建华,于莉莉,等.济南市区0~6岁儿童单纯性肥胖流行病学调查[J].解放军预防医学杂志,2013,31(1):60-61.
[11]吴旭龙,赵雯,李晶晶,等.北京市学龄前儿童单纯性肥胖影响因素研究[J].中国儿童保健杂志,2015,23(4):340-343.
[12]郭连增,刘蕊,陈珉惺,等.中国儿童青少年肥胖研究的三个十年[J].中国全科医学,2014,17(30):3531-3535.
[13]Karatzi K,Moschonis G,Choupi E,et al. Late-night overeating is associated with smaller breakfast,breakfast skip-ping,and obesity in children:The Healthy Growth Study[J]. Nutrition,2017,33(1):141-144.
[14]Hoffmann DA,Marx JM,Kiefner-burmeister A,et al.Influence of maternal feeding goals and practices on children'seating behaviors[J]. Appetite,2016,107(3):21-27.
[15]Albuquerque G,Severo M,Oliveira A. Early life characteristics associated with Appetite-related eating behaviors in 7-year-old children[J]. J Pediatrics,2017,180(1):38-46.