基于压电阻抗技术的结构初始裂纹监测研究
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摘要
针对工程结构早期裂纹损伤,提出了利用压电阻抗法检测损伤区域高频局部动力学特性,通过监测局部动力学特性变化实现对早期损伤监测的方法。建立了压电阻抗有限元仿真模型并进行数值分析,结果显示压电导纳信号峰值频率即为结构某阶谐振频率,压电阻抗法能有效检测结构的动力学特性。针对不同大小裂纹的铝梁结构进行压电导纳仿真和试验研究,仿真和试验结果表明:压电材料的导纳峰值频率随着裂纹损伤增大而减小;同样的损伤程度下,高频谐振频率对损伤更为敏感。利用高频谐振频率变化来监测早期裂纹损伤的产生及发展,具有较好的重复性和信噪比,具有重要的应用前景。
For early crack detection of engineering structures,the high frequency characteristics of local damage dynamics are monitored by piezoelectric impedance method,then early damage monitoring is implemented by the changes of local dynamic characteristics. The finite element simulation model of piezoelectric impedance is established and numerical analysis is carried out. The results show that the peak frequency of piezoelectric admittance signal is a certain order resonance frequency of the structure,and the piezoelectric impedance method can effectively detect the dynamic characteristics of the structure. The piezoelectric admittance simulation and experimental study of aluminum beam structures with different crack sizes are carried out. Simulation and experimental results show that the peak admittance frequency decreases with the increase of crack size,and the high frequency resonance frequency is more sensitive to the damage under the same damage degree. It has good repeatability and signal-to-noise ratio to monitor the occurrence and development of early crack damage by the change of high frequency resonance frequency,which has a important application prospect.
For early crack detection of engineering structures,the high frequency characteristics of local damage dynamics are monitored by piezoelectric impedance method,then early damage monitoring is implemented by the changes of local dynamic characteristics. The finite element simulation model of piezoelectric impedance is established and numerical analysis is carried out. The results show that the peak frequency of piezoelectric admittance signal is a certain order resonance frequency of the structure,and the piezoelectric impedance method can effectively detect the dynamic characteristics of the structure. The piezoelectric admittance simulation and experimental study of aluminum beam structures with different crack sizes are carried out. Simulation and experimental results show that the peak admittance frequency decreases with the increase of crack size,and the high frequency resonance frequency is more sensitive to the damage under the same damage degree. It has good repeatability and signal-to-noise ratio to monitor the occurrence and development of early crack damage by the change of high frequency resonance frequency,which has a important application prospect.
引文
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[14] 张宇,胡利琼,罗辉,等.压电阻抗法识别管道裂纹试验研究[J].土木工程与管理学报,2015(1):48-52.
[15] 夏鹏,刘志平,华琳,等.基于PZT的金属结构焊缝裂纹检测仿真研究[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2014,38(1):208-211.
[2] 于凤坤,赵晓顺,王希望,等.无损检测技术在焊接裂纹检测中的应用[J].无损检测,2007,29(6):353-355.
[3] 宋琛琛,谢丽宇,薛松涛.压电阻抗技术在结构健康监测中的应用研究[J].结构工程师,2014(6):67-76.
[4] Liang C.Coupled Electro-Mechanical Analysis of Adaptive Material Systems Determination of the Actuator Power Consumption and System Energy Transfer[J].Journal of Intelligent Material Systems & Structures,1997,8(4):335-343.
[5] Giurgiutiu V,Zagrai A N.Characterization of Piezoelectric Wafer Active Sensors[J].Journal of Intelligent Material Systems & Structures,2000,11(12):959-976.
[6] Giurgiutiu V.Active Sensors for Health Monitoring of Aging Aerospace Structures[J].Proceedings of SPIE—The International Society for Optical Engineering,2000,3985:294-305.
[7] Tawie R,Lee H K.Monitoring the Strength Development in Concrete by EMI Sensing Technique[J].Construction & Building Materials,2010,24(9):1746-1753.
[8] Ai D,Zhu H,Luo H,et al.Mechanical Impedance Based Embedded Piezoelectric Transducer for Reinforced Concrete Structural Impact Damage Detection:A Comparative Study[J].Construction and Building Materials,2018,165:472-483.
[9] 王涛,杨志武,邵俊华,等.基于压电阻抗技术的螺栓松动检测试验研究[J].传感技术学报,2014,27(10):1321-1325.
[10] 汪正傲,王涛,李友荣,等.基于螺母外侧压电材料阻抗峰值频率变化的螺栓松动监测[J].传感技术学报,2018,31(6):45-49.
[11] Park S,Yun C B,Roh Y,et al.PZT-Based Active Damage Detection Techniques for Steel Bridge Components[J].Smart Materials & Structures,2006,15(4):957-966.
[12] Giurgiutiu V,Reynolds A,Rogers C A.Experimental Investigation of E/M Impedance Health Monitoring for Spot-Welded Structural Joints[J].Journal of Intelligent Material Systems & Structures,1999,10(10):802-812.
[13] 王丹生,朱宏平,陈晓强,等.利用压电自传感驱动器进行裂纹钢梁损伤识别的实验研究[J].振动与冲击,2006,25(6):139-142.
[14] 张宇,胡利琼,罗辉,等.压电阻抗法识别管道裂纹试验研究[J].土木工程与管理学报,2015(1):48-52.
[15] 夏鹏,刘志平,华琳,等.基于PZT的金属结构焊缝裂纹检测仿真研究[J].武汉理工大学学报(交通科学与工程版),2014,38(1):208-211.