改性的光棒废料粉末填充EVA的复合材料性能研究
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摘要
为了探索光纤预制棒废料(主要成分为二氧化硅)在聚乙烯-聚醋酸乙烯酯(EVA)材料领域的应用,将经过烘干、研磨和煅烧处理后的废料分别由A-151改性和聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯(PMMA)包覆改性制备了纳米粉末Si O2/A-151和Si O2/PMMA,然后把制得的改性纳米粉末与EVA熔融共混制备Si O2/A-151/EVA和Si O2/PMMA/EVA纳米复合材料,研究了复合材料的磨耗和拉伸性能(拉伸强度和断裂伸长率)与粉末质量分数的关系。疏水性测试结果表明改性后的粉末疏水性好。关于磨耗性能,粉末填充质量分数为1%~2%时两种复合材料较纯EVA都有显著提高,其中质量分数都为1%时提高最多。关于拉伸性能,填充质量分数为1%~4%的Si O2/A-151粉末和1%~3%的Si O2/PMMA粉末都能提升EVA的拉伸强度和断裂伸长率;两种复合材料的拉伸性能都随粉末质量分数的增大先增大后减小;Si O2/A-151、Si O2/PMMA粉末填充质量分数分别为1%、2%时,复合材料的拉伸强度达到最大值,二者填充质量分数在3%时断裂伸长率都达到最大。
In order to explore the application of the optical fiber preform waste(the main component is SiO_2) in EVA materials,the waste which was treated by drying,grinding and calcining was modified by A-151 reaction and PMMA encapsulation respectively to prepare nano-powder SiO_2/A-151 and SiO_2/PMMA,and then the modified nano-powders were melt-blended with EVA to prepare SiO_2/A-151/EVA and SiO_2/PMMA/EVA nanocomposites.The relation of the abrasion and the tensile properties(tensile strength and elongation at break) of the composite materials to the powder mass fractions was studied.Hydrophobic test results showed that the two kinds of modified powders possessed good hydrophobicity.With respect to the abrasion properties,both composites with a filler content of 1%~2% showed a significant improvement over pure EVA,with the highest increase at the mass fraction of 1%.As for the tensile properties,the tensile strength and elongation at break of EVA can be improved by filling 1%~4% SiO_2/A-151 powder or 1%~3% SiO_2/PMMA powder.The tensile properties of two composites increased first and then decreased with the increase of the powder mass fraction.When the filling amount of SiO_2/A-151 and SiO_2/PMMA powder were 1% and 2%,respectively,the tensile strengths of the composites reached the maximum value.When the filling fractions of two kinds of powders were both 3%,the elongations at break reached the maximum.
In order to explore the application of the optical fiber preform waste(the main component is SiO_2) in EVA materials,the waste which was treated by drying,grinding and calcining was modified by A-151 reaction and PMMA encapsulation respectively to prepare nano-powder SiO_2/A-151 and SiO_2/PMMA,and then the modified nano-powders were melt-blended with EVA to prepare SiO_2/A-151/EVA and SiO_2/PMMA/EVA nanocomposites.The relation of the abrasion and the tensile properties(tensile strength and elongation at break) of the composite materials to the powder mass fractions was studied.Hydrophobic test results showed that the two kinds of modified powders possessed good hydrophobicity.With respect to the abrasion properties,both composites with a filler content of 1%~2% showed a significant improvement over pure EVA,with the highest increase at the mass fraction of 1%.As for the tensile properties,the tensile strength and elongation at break of EVA can be improved by filling 1%~4% SiO_2/A-151 powder or 1%~3% SiO_2/PMMA powder.The tensile properties of two composites increased first and then decreased with the increase of the powder mass fraction.When the filling amount of SiO_2/A-151 and SiO_2/PMMA powder were 1% and 2%,respectively,the tensile strengths of the composites reached the maximum value.When the filling fractions of two kinds of powders were both 3%,the elongations at break reached the maximum.
引文
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[2]熊向峰.中国光纤光缆产业的发展趋势探讨[J].中国新通信,2010,12(9):5-9.
[3]陈炎,石从云,钱凡,等.从制备光纤预制棒产生的废料中回收白炭黑[J].无机盐工业,2016,48(4):61-62.
[4]石从云,郭飞,吴海涛,等.从光棒废料中获取较高吸油值的白炭黑[J].广州化工,2016,44(19):58-61.
[5]李红姬,张万喜,孙国恩,等.乙烯醋酸乙烯酯共聚物与纳米Si O2颗粒复合物的制备方法研究[J].功能材料,2006,37(7):1124-1126.
[6]李红姬,张万喜,孙国恩,等.EVA/Si O2纳米复合材料的制备与性能研究[J].功能材料,2005,36(3):437-440.
[7]李红姬,张万喜,孙国恩,等.纳米Ti O2和Si O2填充EVA复合材料的结构与性能[J].高分子材料科学与工程,2006(6):110-113.
[8]张由芳,郑玉婴,刘艺,等.湿法接枝改性淀粉在EVA鞋底发泡材料中应用的初步探讨[J].功能材料,2013,44(15):2253-2256.
[9]张桢华,李光吉,冯晖,等.EVA/Nano-Si O2隔热复合材料的制备及性能研究[J].塑料工业,2011,39(12):101-102.
[10]付蒙,陈福林,岑兰,等.EVA/LLDPE/纳米白炭黑的结构与性能研究[J].塑料工业,2013,41(11):70-74.
[11]王娜,邵亚薇,张静,等.聚丙烯/改性纳米二氧化硅复合材料的制备与性能[J].石油化工,2008,37(6):624-627.
[12]刘志雷,胡孝涛,周街胜,等.“点击”化学法聚合物包覆纳米二氧化硅的研究[J].表面技术,2016,45(12):111-115.