Synthesis of a NiTi_2–AlNi–Al_2O_3 nanocomposite by mechanical alloying and heat treatment of Al–TiO_2–NiO
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摘要
The aim of the present study was to investigate the phases formed during ball milling of Al–TiO_2–NiO. For this purpose, a mixture of Al–TiO_2–NiO with a molar ratio of 6:1:1 was used. Characterization of the milled powders by X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy showed the formation of nanocrystalline NiTi_2 along with AlNi. A thermodynamical investigation confirmed that NiO was reduced by Al during ball milling, which consequently promoted TiO_2 reduction and the formation of NiTi_2. Al is capable of reducing NiO either during ball milling or at temperatures above the melting point of Al; by contrast, TiO_2 can be reduced by Al only by milling.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the phases formed during ball milling of Al–TiO_2–NiO. For this purpose, a mixture of Al–TiO_2–NiO with a molar ratio of 6:1:1 was used. Characterization of the milled powders by X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy showed the formation of nanocrystalline NiTi_2 along with AlNi. A thermodynamical investigation confirmed that NiO was reduced by Al during ball milling, which consequently promoted TiO_2 reduction and the formation of NiTi_2. Al is capable of reducing NiO either during ball milling or at temperatures above the melting point of Al; by contrast, TiO_2 can be reduced by Al only by milling.
The aim of the present study was to investigate the phases formed during ball milling of Al–TiO_2–NiO. For this purpose, a mixture of Al–TiO_2–NiO with a molar ratio of 6:1:1 was used. Characterization of the milled powders by X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis, field-emission scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy showed the formation of nanocrystalline NiTi_2 along with AlNi. A thermodynamical investigation confirmed that NiO was reduced by Al during ball milling, which consequently promoted TiO_2 reduction and the formation of NiTi_2. Al is capable of reducing NiO either during ball milling or at temperatures above the melting point of Al; by contrast, TiO_2 can be reduced by Al only by milling.
引文
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[16]V.Udhayabanu,K.R.Ravi,V.Vinod,and B.S.Murty,Synthesis of in-situ NiAl-Al2O3 nanocomposite by reactive milling and subsequent heat treatment,Intermetallics,18(2010),No.3,p.353.
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[19]M.Z.Mehrizi and R.Beygi,Direct synthesis of Ti3Al C2-Al2O3 nanocomposite by mechanical alloying,J.Alloys Compd.,740(2018),p.118.
[20]R.Beygi and M.Z.Mehrizi,Friction stir processing of Al with mechanically alloyed Al-Ti O2-graphite powder:Microstructure and mechanical properties,J.Mater.Eng.Perform.,26(2017),No.3,p.1455.
[2]A.S.Prosviryakov,Si C content effect on the properties of Cu-Si C composites produced by mechanical alloying,J.Alloys Compd.,632(2015),p.707.
[3]J.L.Li,F.Li,and K.A.Hu,Preparation of Ni/Al2O3 nanocomposite powder by high-energy ball milling and subsequent heat treatment,J.Mater Process.Technol.,147(2004),No.2,p.236.
[4]A.Wagih,Mechanical properties of Al-Mg/Al2O3 nanocomposite powder produced by mechanical alloying,Adv.Powder Technol.,26(2015),No.1,p.253.
[5]M.A.Taha,A.H.Nassar,and M.F.Zawrah,Improvement of wetability,sinterability,mechanical and electrical properties of Al2O3-Ni nanocomposites prepared by mechanical alloying,Ceram.Int.,43(2017),No.4,p.3576.
[6]M.Rabiee,H.Mirzadeh,and A.Ataie,Processing of Cu-Fe and Cu-Fe-Si C nanocomposites by mechanical alloying,Adv.Powder Technol.,28(2017),No.8,p.1882.
[7]D.Y.Ying,D.L.Zhang,and M.Newby,Solid-state reactions during heating mechanically milled Al/Ti O2 composite powders,Metall.Mater.Trans.A,35A(2004),No.7,p.2115.
[8]J.G.Caba?as-Moreno,T.Itsukaichi,and M.Umemoto,Anew phase in Al-Ni-Ti alloys made from mechanically alloyed powders,Mater.Sci.Eng.A,A181-A182(1994),p.1202.
[9]N.Forouzanmehr,F.Karimzadeh,and M.H.Enayati,Synthesis and characterization of Ti Al/α-Al2O3 nanocomposite by mechanical alloying,J.Alloys Compd.,478(2009),No.1-2,p.257.
[10]C.B.Martins,B.B.Fernandes,E.C.T.Ramos,G.Silva,and A.S.Ramos,Syntheses of the Ni3Ti,Ni Ti,and Ni Ti2 compounds by mechanical alloying,Mater.Sci.Forum,530(2006),p.217.
[11]H.M.Wang and Y.F.Liu,Microstructure and wear resistance of laser clad Ti5Si3/Ni Ti2 intermetallic composite coating on titanium alloy,Mater.Sci.Eng.A,338(2002),No.1-2,p.126.
[12]M.Yoshida,H.Shiraishi,and N.Ikki,Microstructure and mechanical properties of NiTi2-Ti B composite fabricated by spark plasma sintering,World J.Eng.Technol.,3(2015),No.3,p.84.
[13]D.Oleszak,NiAl-Al2O3 intermetallic matrix composite prepared by reactive milling and consolidation of powders,J.Mater.Sci.,39(2004),No.16-17,p.5169.
[14]V.Udhayabanu,N.Singh,and B.S.Murty,Mechanical activation of aluminothermic reduction of Ni O by high energy ball milling,J.Alloys Compd.,497(2010),No.1-2,p.142.
[15]J.B.Fogagnolo,E.M.J.A.Pallone,D.R.Martin,C.S.Kiminami,C.Bolfarini,and W.J.Botta,Processing of Al matrix composites reinforced with Al-Ni compounds and Al2O3 by reactive milling and reactive sintering,J.Alloys Compd.,471(2009),No.1-2,p.448.
[16]V.Udhayabanu,K.R.Ravi,V.Vinod,and B.S.Murty,Synthesis of in-situ NiAl-Al2O3 nanocomposite by reactive milling and subsequent heat treatment,Intermetallics,18(2010),No.3,p.353.
[17]K.Wieczorek-Ciurowa and K.Gamrat,Ni Al/Ni3Al-Al2O3composite formation by reactive ball milling,J.Therm.Anal.Calorim.,82(2005),No.3,p.719.
[18]M.Z.Mehrizi,R.Beygi,and G.Eisaabadi,Synthesis of Al/Ti C-Al2O3 nanocomposite by mechanical alloying and subsequent heat treatment,Ceram.Int.,42(2016),No.7,p.8895.
[19]M.Z.Mehrizi and R.Beygi,Direct synthesis of Ti3Al C2-Al2O3 nanocomposite by mechanical alloying,J.Alloys Compd.,740(2018),p.118.
[20]R.Beygi and M.Z.Mehrizi,Friction stir processing of Al with mechanically alloyed Al-Ti O2-graphite powder:Microstructure and mechanical properties,J.Mater.Eng.Perform.,26(2017),No.3,p.1455.