云南荞麦轮纹病的发生及病原菌鉴定
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摘要
为了确定云南荞麦轮纹病的病原菌的种类,对云南荞麦种植基地的荞麦轮纹病的发生进行了调查研究,并采集发病叶片。采用组织分离法对荞麦轮纹病的病原菌进行分离培养,并通过显微镜及分子鉴定方法对该病原菌进行鉴定。结果表明:分生孢子器球形或扁球形,褐色;分生孢子单胞、无色,椭圆形或短棒状。利用真菌通用引物对病原菌r DNA ITS区进行PCR扩增及序列测定,10菌株的序列与Phoma herbarum的序列同源性均为99%。根据形态学和r DNA ITS区序列分析,将云南荞麦轮纹病的病原菌鉴定为草茎点霉(Phoma herbarum)。
In order to clarify the species of the pathogen of buckwheat ring rot in Yunnan Province, theoccurrence of buckwheat ring rot was investigated and the diseased leaves were collected in buckwheatplanting base in Yunnan. The pathogen of buckwheat ring rot was isolated and cultured by using tissuedissociation method, and the pathogen was identified through microscope and molecular identification method.The results indicated that the pycnidia were spherical or flat spherical, brown. The conidia were single cell,hyaline, oval or short rod-shaped. The r DNA ITS region of the pathogen was PCR-amplified with fungaluniversal primers and sequenced, and the sequences of ten strains showed 99% homogeneity with those ofPhoma herbarum. Based on morphology and r DNA ITS region sequences analysis, the pathogen of buckwheatring rot in Yunnan was identified as Phoma herbarum.
In order to clarify the species of the pathogen of buckwheat ring rot in Yunnan Province, theoccurrence of buckwheat ring rot was investigated and the diseased leaves were collected in buckwheatplanting base in Yunnan. The pathogen of buckwheat ring rot was isolated and cultured by using tissuedissociation method, and the pathogen was identified through microscope and molecular identification method.The results indicated that the pycnidia were spherical or flat spherical, brown. The conidia were single cell,hyaline, oval or short rod-shaped. The r DNA ITS region of the pathogen was PCR-amplified with fungaluniversal primers and sequenced, and the sequences of ten strains showed 99% homogeneity with those ofPhoma herbarum. Based on morphology and r DNA ITS region sequences analysis, the pathogen of buckwheatring rot in Yunnan was identified as Phoma herbarum.
引文
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[2]王莉花,叶昌荣,肖卿.云南野生荞麦资源地理分布的考察研究[J].西南农业学报,2004,17(2):156-159.
[3]邵金良,黎其万,刘宏程,等.云南荞麦开发利用现状及其发展对策[J].粮食科技与经济,2010,35(3):17-19.
[4]杨经萱,郭荣华.凉山州荞麦病虫害及天敌名录初报[J].西昌农业高等专科学校学报,2000,14(4):4-6.
[5]陈学荣,常庆涛,刘荣甫,等.泰兴荞麦主要病虫害综合防治技术[J].现代农业科技,2011(7):183-184.
[6]Lu W J,Wang L H,Wang Y Q,et al.First report of powdery mildew caused by Erysiphe polygoni on buckwheat in Yunnan,China[J].Plant Disease,2015,99(9):1281.
[7]卢文洁,王莉花,周洪友,等.荞麦立枯病的发病规律与综合防治措施[J].江苏农业科学,2013,41(8):138-139.
[8]郑芳.荞麦的病害防治[J].农业科技与信息,2003(8):25-25.
[9]陈学荣.荞麦常见病害及防治方法[J].农药市场信息,2013(23):38.
[10]余宏章.种荞麦防病害[J].湖南科技报,2007(3):1.
[11]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,中国植物保护学会.中国农作物病虫害[M](第三版),2015.
[12]王飞.地黄轮纹病病原学及防治研究[D].武汉:华中农业大学,2012.
[13]黄春燕,刘开启.苹果轮纹病及相关病害病原菌的RAPD分析[J].植物病理学报,2001,31(2):164-169.
[14]张磊,常有宏,刘邮洲,等.梨轮纹病和炭疽病病原菌PCR检测[J].江苏农业学报,2012,28(2):415-420.
[15]季延平,吴玉柱,刘慇,等.冬枣轮纹病病原菌的研究[J].山东林业科技,2005(2):22-24.
[16]章一鸣,赵雁,吴庭观,等.桑树轮纹病病原菌的分离鉴定及其生物学特性研究[J].西部林业科学,2014,43(3):51-56.
[17]白金铠.中国真菌志(第十五卷):球壳孢目茎点霉属、叶点霉属[M].北京:科学出版社,2003.
[18]Ni M,Liu T,Ding Y,et al.A leaf spot of Figwort(Scrophularia ningpoensis)caused by Phoma sp.[J].Canadian Journal of Plant Pathology,2010,32(4):493-495.
[19]Li Y P,You M P,Khan T N,et al.First Report of Phoma herbarum on Field Pea(Pisum sativum)in Australia[J].Plant Disease,2011,95(12):1590.
[20]Li Y P,Wright D G,Lanoiselet V,et al.First Report of Phoma herbarum on Tedera(Bituminaria bituminosa var.albomarginata)in Australia[J].Plant Disease,2012,96(5):769.
[21]Neumann B S,Boland G J.First Report of Phoma herbarum and Phomaexigua as Pathogens of Dandelion in Southern Ontario[J].Plant Disease,1999,83(2):200.
[22]谷祖敏,纪明山,魏松红,等.11株草茎点霉培养特征、致病力及RAPD分析[J].吉林农业大学学报,2010,32(2):140-144.