外源硒对菲胁迫下苍耳光合荧光特性的影响
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摘要
为了探究硒元素缓解土壤中多环芳烃污染对陆生植物苍耳(Xanthium sibiricum Patrin ex Widder)的胁迫作用,选择菲作多环芳烃代表物,通过盆栽实验,研究了土壤中不同菲污染浓度(0,20,80,320mg·kg-1)对苍耳的生长、叶绿素含量、光合参数及叶绿素荧光参数的影响,以及外源性施加硒(0.5mg·kg-1)对上述胁迫效应的缓解作用.结果显示,硒能显著缓解高浓度(320mg·kg-1)菲胁迫下苍耳生物量的减少(p<0.05),同时缓解各浓度菲胁迫下叶片中叶绿素含量的降低;硒还能缓解植物在菲胁迫下净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度的降低,减缓叶片PSⅡ最大光化学效率、PSⅡ实际光能转化效率、光化学淬灭系数的下降和非光化学淬灭系数的上升.研究表明,土壤中外源性添加硒能保护菲胁迫下苍耳的光合机构,改善其光合功能.
In this study,pot-culture experiments were carried out to assess the effects of selenium(0.5 mg·kg-1 soil)on the growth and photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics of Xanthium sibiricum Patrin ex Widder after exposed to phenanthrene,apolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollutant,at levels of 0,20,80,and 320 mg·kg-1 soil.Response variables including plant growth,chlorophyll content,photosynthetic parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were tested.Meanwhile,the alleviation of exogenously applied of selenium(0.5 mg·kg-1)on the above stress effects were also tested.The biomass of Xanthium sibiricum Patrin ex Widder reduces significantly at the highest exposure level to phenanthrene(320 mg·kg-1),while the application of selenium(0.5 mg·kg-1)to the soil significantly alleviats these reduction(p<0.05).Selenium also alleviats the decrease of chlorophyll content in leaves under different concentrations of phenanthrene stress.Furthermore,selenium can alleviate the decrease of net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration under phenanthrene stress,as well as the decrease of the maximum quenching yield of PSⅡ,the quantum yield of PSⅡ,proportion of open PSⅡ and the rise of non-photochemical quenching.The results show that exogenous application of selenium can protect photosynthetic organs and improve photosynthetic function of Xanthium sibiricum Patrin ex Widder under phenanthrene stress.
In this study,pot-culture experiments were carried out to assess the effects of selenium(0.5 mg·kg-1 soil)on the growth and photosynthetic fluorescence characteristics of Xanthium sibiricum Patrin ex Widder after exposed to phenanthrene,apolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons pollutant,at levels of 0,20,80,and 320 mg·kg-1 soil.Response variables including plant growth,chlorophyll content,photosynthetic parameters and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters were tested.Meanwhile,the alleviation of exogenously applied of selenium(0.5 mg·kg-1)on the above stress effects were also tested.The biomass of Xanthium sibiricum Patrin ex Widder reduces significantly at the highest exposure level to phenanthrene(320 mg·kg-1),while the application of selenium(0.5 mg·kg-1)to the soil significantly alleviats these reduction(p<0.05).Selenium also alleviats the decrease of chlorophyll content in leaves under different concentrations of phenanthrene stress.Furthermore,selenium can alleviate the decrease of net photosynthetic rate,stomatal conductance and intercellular CO2 concentration under phenanthrene stress,as well as the decrease of the maximum quenching yield of PSⅡ,the quantum yield of PSⅡ,proportion of open PSⅡ and the rise of non-photochemical quenching.The results show that exogenous application of selenium can protect photosynthetic organs and improve photosynthetic function of Xanthium sibiricum Patrin ex Widder under phenanthrene stress.
引文
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[2]WILSON S C,JONES K C.Bioremediation of soil contaminated with polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons(PAHs):A review[J].Environmental Pollution,1993,81(3):229.DOI:10.1016/0269-7491(93)90206-4.
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[5]董捷,黄莹,李永霞,等.北方某大型钢铁企业表层土壤中多环芳烃污染特征与健康风险评价[J].环境科学,2016,37(9):3540-3546.DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2016.09.036.DONG J,HUANG Y,LI Y X,et al.Pollution characteristics and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in the surface soils of a large steel enterprise in the north of China[J].Environment Science,2016,37(9):3540-3546.DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2016.09.036(Ch).
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[9]韩广泉,李俊,宋曼曼,等.硒对盐胁迫下加工番茄种子萌发及抗氧化酶系统的影响[J].石河子大学学报(自然科学版),2010,28(4):422-426.DOI:10.13880/j.cnki.65-1174/n.2010.04.013.HAN G Q,LI J,SONG M M,et al.Effects of selenium on the germination of tomato seeds and protective system against active oxygen under salt stress[J].Journal of Shihezi University(Natural Science),2010,28(4):422-426.DOI:10.13880/j.cnki.65-1174/n.2010.04.013(Ch).
[10]陈利云,王弋博,李三相,等.硒元素对铅、汞胁迫下紫花苜蓿生长的影响[J].中国草地学报,2016,38(5):109-114.DOI:10.16742/j.zgcdxb.2016-05-18.CHEN L Y,WANG Y B,LI S X,et al.Effects of selenium on alfalfa growth,nutrient absorption and nitrogen fixing ability under Pb and Hg stress[J].Chinese Journal of Grassland,2016,38(5):109-114.DOI:10.16742/j.zgcdxb.2016-05-18(Ch).
[11]罗亚平,吴晓芙,李明顺,等.桂北锰矿废弃地主要植物种类调查及土壤重金属污染评价[J].生态环境学报,2007,16(4):1149-1153.DOI:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2007.04.015.LUO Y P,WU X F,LI M S,et al.Investigation of main plant species and assessment of soil heavy metal pollutions in manganese mine wastelands in north Guangxi[J].Ecology and Environment,2007,16(4):1149-1153.DOI:10.16258/j.cnki.1674-5906.2007.04.015(Ch).
[12]张佩华,韦颖,李鹏善,等.苍耳在PAHs胁迫下的根系响应[J].江苏农业科学,2015,43(11):458-461.DOI:10.15889/j.issn.1002-1302.2015.11.143.ZHANG P H,WEI Y,LI P S,et al.Root response of Xanthium sibiricum Patr.under PAHs stress[J].Jiangsu Agricultural Sciences,2015,43(11):458-461.DOI:10.15889/j.issn.1002-1302.2015.11.143(Ch).
[13]MAXWELL K,JOHNSON G N.Chlorophyll fluorescence—A practical guide[J].Journal of Experimental Botany,2000,51(345):659-668.DOI:10.1093/jexbot/51.345.659.
[14]刘泓,崔波,叶媛蓓,等.拟南芥对多环芳烃菲胁迫的早期响应[J].中国生态农业学报,2009,17(5):949-953.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1011.2009.00949.LIU H,CUI B,YE Y B,et al.Early reactions of Arabidopsis thaliana to phenanthrene polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon stress[J].Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture,2009,17(5):949-953.DOI:10.3724/SP.J.1011.2009.00949(Ch).
[15]袁思莉,余垚,万亚男,等.硒缓解植物重金属胁迫和累积的机制[J].农业资源与环境学报,2014,31(6):545-550.DOI:10.13254/j.jare.2014.0251.YUAN S L,YU Y,WAN Y N,et al.Mechanisms of selenium mitigating stress and accumulation of heavy metals in plants[J].Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment,2014,31(6):545-550.DOI:10.13254/j.jare.2014.0251(Ch).
[16]刘大会,周文兵,朱端卫,等.硒在植物中生理功能的研究进展[J].山地农业生物学报,2005,24(3):253-259.DOI:10.15958/j.cnki.sdnyswxb.2005.03.015.LIU D H,ZHOU W B,ZHU D W,et al.General survey on physiological function of selenium in plant[J].Journal of Mountain Agriculture&Biology,2005,24(3):253-259.DOI:10.15958/j.cnki.sdnyswxb.2005.03.015(Ch).
[17]刘昱卉,张恩让.低温下硒对萝卜幼苗抗氧化系统的影响[J].山地农业生物学报,2009,28(4):298-301.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-0457.2009.04.004.LIU Y H,ZHANG E R.Effect of selenium on antioxidant system in radish seedlings under low temperature stress[J].Journal of Mountain Agriculture and Biology,2009,28(4):298-301.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1008-0457.2009.04.004(Ch).
[18]李亚敏,刘建中,肖红利.硒对高温胁迫下萝卜幼苗叶绿素含量和酶活性的影响[J].河南农业科学,2010,39(11):94-96.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-3268.2010.11.025.LI Y M,LIU J Z,XIAO H L.Effect of Se to chlorophyll content and enzyme activity of radish seedlings under the high temperature[J].Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences,2010,39(11):94-96.DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1004-3268.2010.11.025(Ch).
[19]王建伟,何晓玲,崔金霞,等.外源硒对NaCl胁迫下加工番茄幼苗膜脂过氧化和AsA-GSH循环的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2014,51(10):1814-1820.DOI:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2014.10.010.WANG J W,HE X L,CUI J X,et al.Effect of exogenous selenium on membrane lipid peroxidation and ascorbate-glutathione cycle of tomato seedlings under salt stress[J].Xinjiang Agricultural Sciences,2014,51(10):1814-1820.DOI:10.6048/j.issn.1001-4330.2014.10.010(Ch).
[20]LIU H,WEISMAN D,YE Y B,et al.An oxidative stress response to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure is rapid and complex in Arabidopsis thaliana[J].Plant Science,2009,176(3):375-382.DOI:10.1016/j.plantsci.2008.12.002.
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