油茶蒲不同溶剂粗提液的总黄酮提取率与抗氧化活性比较
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摘要
为探索油茶蒲的有效利用途径,采用各具5个体积分数梯度的5种有机溶剂对油茶蒲进行超声辅助浸提而得到25种粗提液,研究比较了各粗提液的总黄酮提取率和清除DPPH·的能力。结果表明:总黄酮提取率最高的5种溶剂及其对应的总黄酮提取率依次是60%丙酮溶液(6. 28%)、60%乙醇溶液(5. 24%)、80%甲醇溶液(4. 82%)、60%1,3-丁二醇溶液(4. 40%)、60%乙酸乙酯-乙醇溶液(4. 13%);清除DPPH·能力最强的5种粗提液及其对应的清除率依次是100%乙醇溶液提取物(92. 78%)、60%乙酸乙酯-乙醇溶液提取物(92. 69%)、100%1,3-丁二醇溶液提取物(89. 68%)、100%甲醇溶液提取物(86. 54%)、100%丙酮溶液提取物(81. 99%)。黄酮提取率最高的油茶蒲提取物所对应的DPPH·清除能力并不是最强的,说明油茶蒲提取物中除了黄酮以外,可能还有多酚、皂素、多糖等其他抗氧化活性成分。适合油茶蒲黄酮利用的最佳提取剂是60%乙酸乙酯-乙醇溶液,总黄酮提取率达4. 13%,所对应提取物对DPPH·清除率达92. 69%,是一种适应工业化开发利用油茶蒲黄酮的理想溶剂。
In order to explore the effective utilization ways of Camellia oleifera fruit hull,25 crude extracts were obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction of Camellia oleifera fruit hull of five organic solvents with five volume fraction gradients respectively,and the extraction rates of total flavonoids and the abilities of scavenging DPPH free radical of various crude extracts were compared.The results showed that five solvents with the highest extraction rates of total flavonoids and their corresponding extraction rate of total flavonoids were obtained as follows:60% acetone solution(6.28%),60% ethanol solution(5.24%),80% methanol solution(4.82%),60% 1,3-butanediol solution(4.40%),60% ethyl acetate-ethanol solution(4.13%).The five crude extracts with the strongest scavenging ability of DPPH free radical and their corresponding scavenging rates were obtained as follows:100% ethanol extract(92.78%),60% ethyl acetate-ethanol solution extract(92.69%),100% 1,3-butanediol extract(89.68%),100% methanol extract(86.54%) and 100% acetone extract(81.99%).The DPPH free radical scavenging ability of the crude extract of Camellia oleifera fruit hull with the highest extraction rate of total flavonoids was not the strongest,which indicated that besides flavonoids,the crude extracts of Camellia oleifera fruit hull also contained other antioxidative components,such as polyphenols,saponins and polysaccharides.The optimal extractant for effective utilization of flavonoids in Camellia oleifera fruit hull was 60% ethyl acetate-ethanol solution,the total flavonoids extraction rate and the DPPH free radical scavenging rate of the corresponding extract were 4.13% and 92.69% respectively,and it was an ideal solvent for industrial development and utilization of Camellia oleifera fruit hull to extract flavonoids.
In order to explore the effective utilization ways of Camellia oleifera fruit hull,25 crude extracts were obtained by ultrasound-assisted extraction of Camellia oleifera fruit hull of five organic solvents with five volume fraction gradients respectively,and the extraction rates of total flavonoids and the abilities of scavenging DPPH free radical of various crude extracts were compared.The results showed that five solvents with the highest extraction rates of total flavonoids and their corresponding extraction rate of total flavonoids were obtained as follows:60% acetone solution(6.28%),60% ethanol solution(5.24%),80% methanol solution(4.82%),60% 1,3-butanediol solution(4.40%),60% ethyl acetate-ethanol solution(4.13%).The five crude extracts with the strongest scavenging ability of DPPH free radical and their corresponding scavenging rates were obtained as follows:100% ethanol extract(92.78%),60% ethyl acetate-ethanol solution extract(92.69%),100% 1,3-butanediol extract(89.68%),100% methanol extract(86.54%) and 100% acetone extract(81.99%).The DPPH free radical scavenging ability of the crude extract of Camellia oleifera fruit hull with the highest extraction rate of total flavonoids was not the strongest,which indicated that besides flavonoids,the crude extracts of Camellia oleifera fruit hull also contained other antioxidative components,such as polyphenols,saponins and polysaccharides.The optimal extractant for effective utilization of flavonoids in Camellia oleifera fruit hull was 60% ethyl acetate-ethanol solution,the total flavonoids extraction rate and the DPPH free radical scavenging rate of the corresponding extract were 4.13% and 92.69% respectively,and it was an ideal solvent for industrial development and utilization of Camellia oleifera fruit hull to extract flavonoids.
引文
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[16]张金磊,李鹏飞,马博,等.麻疯树果壳多糖的提取及抗氧化作用研究[J].食品研究与开发,2016,37(12):41-46.
[17]王锐,阳莉,徐本华.猫爪草中多酚的单因素提取工艺研究[J].昭通学院学报,2018,40(5):25-28.
[18]李柏榆,杨美莲,曹建新,等.超声辅助提取桑葚多酚及抗氧化活性分析[J].云南民族大学学报(自然科学版),2017,26(2):97-102.
[19]李小然,毛桃嫣,郑成,等.茶叶籽皂素的微波辅助提取及其表面性能[J].精细化工,2018,35(8):1299-1305,1354.
[2]姜天甲,应铁进,陈秋平,等.油茶籽壳总黄酮的提取及抗氧化研究[J].中国食品学报,2010,10(1):93-99.
[3]陈亚琪,康海权,陈秋平,等.油茶蒲提取物的抗氧化活性[J].林业科学,2011,47(3):20-24.
[4]姜泽放,林敏,李雪,等.油茶蒲主要提取物及其生物活性研究进展[J].海南师范大学学报(自然科学版),2018,31(1):55-59.
[5]YE Y,GUO Y,LUO Y T,et al. Isolation and free radical scavenging activities of a novel biflavonoid from the shells of Camellia oleifera Abel.[J]. Fitoterapia,2012,83(8).1585-1589.
[6]李利敏,沈建福,吴晓琴. 8种油茶蒲提取物中活性物质含量及其抗氧化能力的比较研究[J].中国粮油学报,2013,28(1):41-47.
[7]杨彤晖,于修烛,蔡学标,等.超声波辅助提取油茶籽壳总黄酮及对猪油抗氧化能力研究[J].粮油食品科技,2012,20(1):26-29.
[8]罗晓伟,沈建福,肖仁显,等.油茶蒲提取物中次生代谢产物的测定[J].食品工业科技,2011,32(11):451-453.
[9]淦永鉴,李旭,杨莉琳,等.油茶籽壳提取物抗氧化及抗癌活性研究[J].食品工业科技,2015,36(8):171-174,182.
[10]李菁,朱艳平,陈清杰,等.茶籽壳不同部位提取物清除二苯基苦基苯肼自由基作用[J].中国药师,2012,15(3):370-372.
[11]刘朝旭,王玮,马东来.甘草总黄酮的不同提取方法比较及其抗氧化活性研究[J].精细与专用化学品,2018,26(12):27-30.
[12]高进勇,高永平,余炎炎,等.油茶粕中黄酮化合物的分离鉴定及抗氧化性研究[J].食品工业科技,2017,38(15):35-39,44.
[13]肖燕,林海敏,吴秋平,等.油茶枯饼中黄酮类化合物的提取及抗氧化活性研究[J].林业实用技术,2011(9):52-53.
[14]董蕊,孙昌霞.木贼醇提物不同萃取部位总酚酸、黄酮含量测定及抗氧化活性研究[J].食品工业科技,2018(8):57-60,66.
[15]沈建福,姜天甲,王徐卿.油茶壳中总黄酮的最佳提取工艺研究[J].中国粮油学报,2008,23(3):104-106.
[16]张金磊,李鹏飞,马博,等.麻疯树果壳多糖的提取及抗氧化作用研究[J].食品研究与开发,2016,37(12):41-46.
[17]王锐,阳莉,徐本华.猫爪草中多酚的单因素提取工艺研究[J].昭通学院学报,2018,40(5):25-28.
[18]李柏榆,杨美莲,曹建新,等.超声辅助提取桑葚多酚及抗氧化活性分析[J].云南民族大学学报(自然科学版),2017,26(2):97-102.
[19]李小然,毛桃嫣,郑成,等.茶叶籽皂素的微波辅助提取及其表面性能[J].精细化工,2018,35(8):1299-1305,1354.