动平台分布式相参雷达系统分析
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摘要
分布式相参雷达通过相参处理,可提升N~3倍回波信噪比,从而可大幅度提高目标探测性能,因此分布式相参雷达具有重要的价值。对于地基分布式相参雷达,目前已经进行了大量的研究。本论文将分布式相参雷达系统扩展到运动平台,分析了运动平台下分布式相参雷达所面临的非均匀杂波背景下目标检测以及时/空/频(相)同步等挑战,并对相关问题进行了建模分析,最后对动平台分布式相参雷达系统进行了硬件搭建并对动平台雷达系统性能进行了初步的实验测试。
Distributed coherent radar system which contains several radar nodes and a fusion central system is firstly introduced by Lincoln laboratory. By joint coherent data processing, these radar nodes can be equivalent to a big and powerful monostatic radar. The echo signal to noise ratio(SNR) of such radar system could be increased by N~3 times by fully coherent processing, which could greatly improve the radar detection performance. A lot of research had been done for ground-based coherent distributed radar. In this paper, the distributed coherent radar system is extended to the moving platform. This paper analyzed the problems of target detecting in the nonuniform clutter environment as well as time/space/frequency(phase) synchronization challenges. Besides, the signal models of related problems had been initially established. Finally, the distributed radar prototype with moving platforms had been built and the preliminary experiments had been carried out.
Distributed coherent radar system which contains several radar nodes and a fusion central system is firstly introduced by Lincoln laboratory. By joint coherent data processing, these radar nodes can be equivalent to a big and powerful monostatic radar. The echo signal to noise ratio(SNR) of such radar system could be increased by N~3 times by fully coherent processing, which could greatly improve the radar detection performance. A lot of research had been done for ground-based coherent distributed radar. In this paper, the distributed coherent radar system is extended to the moving platform. This paper analyzed the problems of target detecting in the nonuniform clutter environment as well as time/space/frequency(phase) synchronization challenges. Besides, the signal models of related problems had been initially established. Finally, the distributed radar prototype with moving platforms had been built and the preliminary experiments had been carried out.
引文
[1] Ahlgren G W.Next generation radar concept definition team final report[R].Massachusetts:MIT Lincoln Laboratory,2003:1- 40.
[2] 殷丕磊.地基宽带分布式全相参雷达技术研究[D].北京:北京理工大学,2016.Yin P L.Research on Ground-Based Wideband Distributed Coherent Aperture Radar[D].Beijing:Beijing Institute of Technology,2016.(in Chinese)
[3] 曾涛,殷丕磊,杨小鹏,等.分布式全相参雷达系统时间与相位同步方案研究[J].雷达学报,2013,2(1):105-110.Zeng T,Yin P L,Yang X P,et al.Time and Phase Synchronization for Distributed Aperture Coherent Radar[J].Journal of Radars,2013,2(1):105-110.(in Chinese)
[4] 殷丕磊,张洪纲,刘泉华,等.基于修正代价函数的分布式全相参雷达正交波形设计方法[C]//第八届全国信号和智能信息处理与应用学术会议会刊,2014.Yin P L,Zhang H G,Liu Q H,et al.Orthogonal Waveform Design Based on Modified Cost Function for Distributed Coherent Aperture Radar[C]//Computer Engineering and Applications,2014.(in Chinese)
[5] 殷丕磊,杨小鹏,曾涛.分布式全相参雷达的相位差跟踪技术[J].信号处理,2013,29(3):313-318.Yin P L,Yang X P,Zeng T.Tracking Technology of Phased Difference for Distributed Aperture Coherent Radar[J].Journal of Signal Processing,2013,29(3):313-318.(in Chinese)
[6] 韩小妹,李雁斌,黄勇.分布式全相参雷达相位差闭环跟踪技术[J].制导与引信,2015,36(2):38- 43.Han X M,Li Y B,Huang Y.The Closed-loop Tracking Technology of Phased Difference for Distributed Aperture Coherent Radar[J].Guidance & Fuze,2015,36(2):38- 43.(in Chinese)
[7] 张洪纲,雷子健,刘泉华.基于MUSIC法的宽带分布式全相参雷达相参参数估计方法[J].信号处理,2015(2):208-214.Zhang H G,Lei Z J,Liu Q H.Coherent Parameters Estimation Method Based on MUSIC in Wideband Distributed Coherent Aperture Radar[J].Journal of Signal Processing,2015(2):208-214.(in Chinese)
[8] 孙培林,汤俊,张宁.分布式相参雷达相参性能的两种监控算法[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2014(4):419- 424.Sun P L,Tang J,Zhang N.Two Algorithms for Monitoring the Coherent Performance of Distributed Coherent Radar Systems[J].Journal of Tsinghua University:Science and Technology,2014(4):419- 424.(in Chinese)
[9] 宋靖,张剑云.分布式全相参雷达相参性能分析[J].电子与信息学报,2015,37(1):9-14.Song Jing,Zhang J Y.Coherent Performance Analysis for Distributed Aperture Coherent Radar[J].Journal of Electronics & Information Technology,2015,37(1):9-14.(in Chinese)
[10] Tohidi E,Coutino M,Chepuri S P,et al.Sparse Antenna and Pulse Placement for Colocated MIMO Radar[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2018,PP(99):1-1.
[11] 刘兴华,徐振海,肖顺平.分布式相参雷达几何布置约束条件[J].系统工程与电子技术,2017,39(8):1723-1731.Liu X H,Xu Z H,Xiao S P.Geometric Arrangement Constraints of Distributed Coherent Aperture Radar[J].Systems Engineering and Electronics,2017,39(8):1723-1731.(in Chinese)
[12] 陈静,李晗,张洪纲,等.分布式雷达主瓣间歇采样转发干扰抑制方法[J].信号处理,2018,34(11):1368-1376.Chen J,Li H,Zhang H G,et al.Main-Lobe Interrupted Sampling Repeater Jamming Suppression Method in Distributed Radar[J].Journal of Signal Processing,2018,34(11):1368-1376.(in Chinese)
[13] 葛萌萌,崔国龙,孔令讲,等.分布式雷达盲源分离干扰抑制算法[J].信号处理,2017,33(12):1562-1570.Ge M M,Cui G L,Kong L J,et al.Jamming Suppression Based on Blind Source Separation in Distributed Radars[J].Journal of Signal Processing,2017,33(12):1562-1570.(in Chinese)
[14] Chen P,Zheng L,Wang X,et al.Moving Target Detection Using Colocated MIMO Radar on Multiple Distributed Moving Platforms[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2017,PP(99):1-1.
[15] Haimovich A M,Blum R S,Cimini L J.MIMO Radar with Widely Separated Antennas[J].IEEE Signal Processing Magazine,2007,25(1):116-129.
[2] 殷丕磊.地基宽带分布式全相参雷达技术研究[D].北京:北京理工大学,2016.Yin P L.Research on Ground-Based Wideband Distributed Coherent Aperture Radar[D].Beijing:Beijing Institute of Technology,2016.(in Chinese)
[3] 曾涛,殷丕磊,杨小鹏,等.分布式全相参雷达系统时间与相位同步方案研究[J].雷达学报,2013,2(1):105-110.Zeng T,Yin P L,Yang X P,et al.Time and Phase Synchronization for Distributed Aperture Coherent Radar[J].Journal of Radars,2013,2(1):105-110.(in Chinese)
[4] 殷丕磊,张洪纲,刘泉华,等.基于修正代价函数的分布式全相参雷达正交波形设计方法[C]//第八届全国信号和智能信息处理与应用学术会议会刊,2014.Yin P L,Zhang H G,Liu Q H,et al.Orthogonal Waveform Design Based on Modified Cost Function for Distributed Coherent Aperture Radar[C]//Computer Engineering and Applications,2014.(in Chinese)
[5] 殷丕磊,杨小鹏,曾涛.分布式全相参雷达的相位差跟踪技术[J].信号处理,2013,29(3):313-318.Yin P L,Yang X P,Zeng T.Tracking Technology of Phased Difference for Distributed Aperture Coherent Radar[J].Journal of Signal Processing,2013,29(3):313-318.(in Chinese)
[6] 韩小妹,李雁斌,黄勇.分布式全相参雷达相位差闭环跟踪技术[J].制导与引信,2015,36(2):38- 43.Han X M,Li Y B,Huang Y.The Closed-loop Tracking Technology of Phased Difference for Distributed Aperture Coherent Radar[J].Guidance & Fuze,2015,36(2):38- 43.(in Chinese)
[7] 张洪纲,雷子健,刘泉华.基于MUSIC法的宽带分布式全相参雷达相参参数估计方法[J].信号处理,2015(2):208-214.Zhang H G,Lei Z J,Liu Q H.Coherent Parameters Estimation Method Based on MUSIC in Wideband Distributed Coherent Aperture Radar[J].Journal of Signal Processing,2015(2):208-214.(in Chinese)
[8] 孙培林,汤俊,张宁.分布式相参雷达相参性能的两种监控算法[J].清华大学学报:自然科学版,2014(4):419- 424.Sun P L,Tang J,Zhang N.Two Algorithms for Monitoring the Coherent Performance of Distributed Coherent Radar Systems[J].Journal of Tsinghua University:Science and Technology,2014(4):419- 424.(in Chinese)
[9] 宋靖,张剑云.分布式全相参雷达相参性能分析[J].电子与信息学报,2015,37(1):9-14.Song Jing,Zhang J Y.Coherent Performance Analysis for Distributed Aperture Coherent Radar[J].Journal of Electronics & Information Technology,2015,37(1):9-14.(in Chinese)
[10] Tohidi E,Coutino M,Chepuri S P,et al.Sparse Antenna and Pulse Placement for Colocated MIMO Radar[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2018,PP(99):1-1.
[11] 刘兴华,徐振海,肖顺平.分布式相参雷达几何布置约束条件[J].系统工程与电子技术,2017,39(8):1723-1731.Liu X H,Xu Z H,Xiao S P.Geometric Arrangement Constraints of Distributed Coherent Aperture Radar[J].Systems Engineering and Electronics,2017,39(8):1723-1731.(in Chinese)
[12] 陈静,李晗,张洪纲,等.分布式雷达主瓣间歇采样转发干扰抑制方法[J].信号处理,2018,34(11):1368-1376.Chen J,Li H,Zhang H G,et al.Main-Lobe Interrupted Sampling Repeater Jamming Suppression Method in Distributed Radar[J].Journal of Signal Processing,2018,34(11):1368-1376.(in Chinese)
[13] 葛萌萌,崔国龙,孔令讲,等.分布式雷达盲源分离干扰抑制算法[J].信号处理,2017,33(12):1562-1570.Ge M M,Cui G L,Kong L J,et al.Jamming Suppression Based on Blind Source Separation in Distributed Radars[J].Journal of Signal Processing,2017,33(12):1562-1570.(in Chinese)
[14] Chen P,Zheng L,Wang X,et al.Moving Target Detection Using Colocated MIMO Radar on Multiple Distributed Moving Platforms[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing,2017,PP(99):1-1.
[15] Haimovich A M,Blum R S,Cimini L J.MIMO Radar with Widely Separated Antennas[J].IEEE Signal Processing Magazine,2007,25(1):116-129.