弥雾栽培对姜田小气候及生姜生长的影响
|
摘要
为创新生姜栽培技术模式,以传统遮光栽培和裸地栽培为对照,研究弥雾栽培对姜田小气候及生姜生长、产量和叶片水气交换参数的影响。结果表明,弥雾栽培可通过增加空气湿度,降低植株冠层气温及叶温,增大叶片气孔导度,显著增强叶片的光合速率及蒸腾速率,提高水分利用效率。弥雾栽培生姜植株地上部生长量虽不及传统遮光栽培,但根茎生长量较大,产量可达2688.68kg·(667m2)-1,较裸地栽培增产31.30%。
In order to innovate a technical system for ginger cultivation,and improve its traditional cultivation method,this paper studied the effect of fogging cultivation on microclimate of ginger field,ginger growth and yield,water and air exchange parameters of ginger leaves by comparing the traditional shading and bare land cultivation methods. The results showed that by increasing humidity,fogging cultivation could reduce plant canopy and leaf temperature,increase stomatal conductance of leaves,significantly strengthen ginger leaf photosynthetic and transpiration rates,and improve water use efficiency. Although ginger aerial part growth via fogging cultivation was smaller than that via shading cultivation,rhizomes of ginger were larger. The yield from fogging cultivation was 40.33 t·hm-2,which was increased 31.30% than that of bare land cultivation.
In order to innovate a technical system for ginger cultivation,and improve its traditional cultivation method,this paper studied the effect of fogging cultivation on microclimate of ginger field,ginger growth and yield,water and air exchange parameters of ginger leaves by comparing the traditional shading and bare land cultivation methods. The results showed that by increasing humidity,fogging cultivation could reduce plant canopy and leaf temperature,increase stomatal conductance of leaves,significantly strengthen ginger leaf photosynthetic and transpiration rates,and improve water use efficiency. Although ginger aerial part growth via fogging cultivation was smaller than that via shading cultivation,rhizomes of ginger were larger. The yield from fogging cultivation was 40.33 t·hm-2,which was increased 31.30% than that of bare land cultivation.
引文
黄磊,孙耀清,郝立华,党承华,朱玉王,贺新,程东娟,张运鑫,郑云普.2016.高温对北高丛越橘叶片结构和生理代谢的影响.园艺学报,43(6):1044-1056.
刘东焕,赵世伟.2002.植物光合作用对高温的响应.植物研究,22(2):205-212.
刘国顺,赵献章,韦凤杰,王芳,汪文杰.2007.旺长期遮光及光照转换对不同烟草品种光合效率的影响.中国农业科学,40(10):2368-2375.
楼靓珺,宋新山,赵晓祥.2013.土壤水和空气湿度组合对大豆幼苗光合特性的影响及其复水响应.中国农学通报,29(33):118-123.
牟会荣,姜东,戴廷波,荆奇,曹卫星.2008.遮荫对小麦旗叶光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响.中国农业科学,41(2):599-606.
秦栋,段国晟,霍俊伟,睢薇.2011.空气湿度对蓝果忍冬相对生长和外部形态的影响.北方园艺,(16):45-48.
许大全.2002.光合作用效率.植物生理学报,(5):3-9.
薛义霞,李亚灵.2010.空气湿度对高温下番茄营养生长的影响.西北农业学报,19(4):149-154.
张永征,李海东,李秀,肖静,徐坤.2013.光强和水分胁迫对姜叶片光合特性的影响.园艺学报,40(11):2255-2262.
赵超,刘晓嘉,才燕,黄祥童,顾德峰,董然.2014.空气湿度对开蕨组培苗光合特性的影响.东北林业大学学报,42(9):111-115.
赵甜甜,刘顺航,严生积,李勇,胡琴芬.2016.间作遮荫对茶树叶片光合、呼吸作用影响的研究.农业科学与技术:英文版,17(10):2225-2227.
Aberkani K,Hao X,Gosselin A,Helleux D D.2008.Responses of leaf gas exchanges,chlorophyll a fluorescence,and fruit yield and quality of greenhouse tomatoes to shading with retractable liquid foam.Acta Horticulturae,797:235-240.
Arve L E,Kruse O M O,Tanino K K,Olsen J E,Futs?thre C,Torre S.2017.Daily changes in VPD during leaf development in high air humidity increase the stomatal responsiveness to darkness and dry air.Journal of Plant Physiology,211:63-69.
Bertin N,Guichard S,Leonardi C,Longuenesse J J,Langlois D,Navez B.2000.Seasonal evolution of the quality of fresh glasshouse tomatoes under Mediterranean conditions,as affected by air vapour pressure deficit and plant fruit load.Annals of Botany,85(6):741-750.
Fanourakis D,Bouranis D,Giday H,Carvalho D R,Nejad A R,Ottosen C O.2016.Improving stomatal functioning at elevated growth air humidity:a review.Journal of Plant Physiology,207:51-60.
Giday H,Kjaer K H,Fanourakis D,Ottosen C O.2013.Smaller stomata require less severe leaf drying to close:a case study in Rosa hydrida.Journal of Plant Physiology,170(15):1309-1316.
Jung S,Steffen K L,Lee H J.1998.Comparative photoinhibition of a high and a low altitude ecotype of tomato(Lycopersicon hirsutum)to chilling stress under high and low light conditions.Plant Science,134(1):69-77.
Masabni J,Sun Y,Niu G,Valle P D.2016.Shade effect on growth and productivity of tomato and Chili pepper.Hort-Technology,26(3):344-350.
Pires M V,Almeida A A F,Figueiredo A L,Gomes F P,Souza M M.2011.Photosynthetic characteristics of ornamental passion flowers grown under different light intensities.Photosynthetica,49(4):593-602.
Schwerbrock R,Leuschner C.2016.Air humidity as key determinant of morphogenesis and productivity of the rare temperate woodland fern Polystichum braunii.Plant Biology,18(4):649-657.
Sun G,Zeng X,Liu X,Zhao P.2007.Effects of moderate hightemperature stress on photosynthesis in three saplings of the constructive tree species of subtropical forest.Acta Ecologica Sinica,27:1283-1290.
Wahid A,Gelani S,Ashraf M,Foolad M R.2007.Heat tolerance in plants:an overview.Environmental&Experimental Botany,61(3):199-223.
Yang H,Shi Y,Xu R,Lu D,Lu W.2016.Effects of shading after pollination on kernel filling and physicochemical quality traits of waxy maize.The Crop Journal,4(3):235-245.
刘东焕,赵世伟.2002.植物光合作用对高温的响应.植物研究,22(2):205-212.
刘国顺,赵献章,韦凤杰,王芳,汪文杰.2007.旺长期遮光及光照转换对不同烟草品种光合效率的影响.中国农业科学,40(10):2368-2375.
楼靓珺,宋新山,赵晓祥.2013.土壤水和空气湿度组合对大豆幼苗光合特性的影响及其复水响应.中国农学通报,29(33):118-123.
牟会荣,姜东,戴廷波,荆奇,曹卫星.2008.遮荫对小麦旗叶光合及叶绿素荧光特性的影响.中国农业科学,41(2):599-606.
秦栋,段国晟,霍俊伟,睢薇.2011.空气湿度对蓝果忍冬相对生长和外部形态的影响.北方园艺,(16):45-48.
许大全.2002.光合作用效率.植物生理学报,(5):3-9.
薛义霞,李亚灵.2010.空气湿度对高温下番茄营养生长的影响.西北农业学报,19(4):149-154.
张永征,李海东,李秀,肖静,徐坤.2013.光强和水分胁迫对姜叶片光合特性的影响.园艺学报,40(11):2255-2262.
赵超,刘晓嘉,才燕,黄祥童,顾德峰,董然.2014.空气湿度对开蕨组培苗光合特性的影响.东北林业大学学报,42(9):111-115.
赵甜甜,刘顺航,严生积,李勇,胡琴芬.2016.间作遮荫对茶树叶片光合、呼吸作用影响的研究.农业科学与技术:英文版,17(10):2225-2227.
Aberkani K,Hao X,Gosselin A,Helleux D D.2008.Responses of leaf gas exchanges,chlorophyll a fluorescence,and fruit yield and quality of greenhouse tomatoes to shading with retractable liquid foam.Acta Horticulturae,797:235-240.
Arve L E,Kruse O M O,Tanino K K,Olsen J E,Futs?thre C,Torre S.2017.Daily changes in VPD during leaf development in high air humidity increase the stomatal responsiveness to darkness and dry air.Journal of Plant Physiology,211:63-69.
Bertin N,Guichard S,Leonardi C,Longuenesse J J,Langlois D,Navez B.2000.Seasonal evolution of the quality of fresh glasshouse tomatoes under Mediterranean conditions,as affected by air vapour pressure deficit and plant fruit load.Annals of Botany,85(6):741-750.
Fanourakis D,Bouranis D,Giday H,Carvalho D R,Nejad A R,Ottosen C O.2016.Improving stomatal functioning at elevated growth air humidity:a review.Journal of Plant Physiology,207:51-60.
Giday H,Kjaer K H,Fanourakis D,Ottosen C O.2013.Smaller stomata require less severe leaf drying to close:a case study in Rosa hydrida.Journal of Plant Physiology,170(15):1309-1316.
Jung S,Steffen K L,Lee H J.1998.Comparative photoinhibition of a high and a low altitude ecotype of tomato(Lycopersicon hirsutum)to chilling stress under high and low light conditions.Plant Science,134(1):69-77.
Masabni J,Sun Y,Niu G,Valle P D.2016.Shade effect on growth and productivity of tomato and Chili pepper.Hort-Technology,26(3):344-350.
Pires M V,Almeida A A F,Figueiredo A L,Gomes F P,Souza M M.2011.Photosynthetic characteristics of ornamental passion flowers grown under different light intensities.Photosynthetica,49(4):593-602.
Schwerbrock R,Leuschner C.2016.Air humidity as key determinant of morphogenesis and productivity of the rare temperate woodland fern Polystichum braunii.Plant Biology,18(4):649-657.
Sun G,Zeng X,Liu X,Zhao P.2007.Effects of moderate hightemperature stress on photosynthesis in three saplings of the constructive tree species of subtropical forest.Acta Ecologica Sinica,27:1283-1290.
Wahid A,Gelani S,Ashraf M,Foolad M R.2007.Heat tolerance in plants:an overview.Environmental&Experimental Botany,61(3):199-223.
Yang H,Shi Y,Xu R,Lu D,Lu W.2016.Effects of shading after pollination on kernel filling and physicochemical quality traits of waxy maize.The Crop Journal,4(3):235-245.