赞比亚不同蛋白质来源的饲料对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能及经济效益的影响
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摘要
研究探讨赞比亚不同蛋白质来源的饲料对肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能及经济效益的影响。试验采用单因素完全随机试验设计,选择21日龄的科宝500肉仔鸡1 800只,分为3个处理组,即豆粕组、杂粕组1(豆粕+DDGS+棉粕)和杂粕组2(豆粕+DDGS+葵籽粕),每个处理组3个重复,每个重复200只(公母各半)。试验期21 d。结果表明,在肉鸡平均日采食量、平均日增重、料重比、42日龄均重方面,杂粕组1与豆粕组之间,差异不显著(P>0.05);平均日增重和42日龄均重方面,杂粕组2显著低于杂粕组1和豆粕组(P<0.05);平均日采食量、料重比方面,杂粕组2显著高于杂粕组1和豆粕组(P<0.05);成活率方面,3个处理组间无明显影响,差异不显著(P>0.05)。不同蛋白质来源的饲料对肉鸡屠宰率、全净膛率、胸肌率及腿肌率均无显著影响(P>0.05)。在增重饲料成本方面,杂粕组1最低,较豆粕组和杂粕组2分别降低了10美元/t,40美元/t。杂粕组1日粮可在不影响肉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能情况下,有效降低肉鸡养殖的饲料成本,提高赞比亚农场养殖效益。
The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different protein dietary on growth,slaughter performance and economic benefits of broilers in Zambia.The experiment was designed using a one factor complete randomized trial.Cobb500 broilers(21 day old) were selected and divided into three treatment groups with 3 replications and 200 broilers(half male and female) were selected in each replication.The three treatments were soybean meal group,group 1(soybean meal + DDGS + cottonseed meal) and group 2(soybean meal + DDGS + sunflower seed meal).The trial period lasted for 21 days.The results showed that:There was no significant difference in average daily feed intake(ADFI),average daily gain(ADG),feed to gain ratio(F/G) and body weight of the 42 day old broilers on group 1 and the soybean meal group(P>0.05);Average daily gain(ADG) and weight of 42 day-old of group 2 were significantly lower than those in group 1 and the soybean meal group(P< 0.05).The average daily feed intake(ADFI) and feed to gain ratio(F/G) of group 2 were significantly higher than those on group 1 and the soybean meal group(P< 0.05).There was no significant difference in the survival rate between the three treatments groups(P >0.05);Different protein dietary had no significant effect on broiler dressing percentage,all eviscerated rate,breast muscle rate and leg muscle rate(P>0.05);Group 1 was the lowest in the cost of feed to gain ratio(F/G) which was 10 US dollars/ton lower than the soybean meal group and 40 US dollars/ton lower than group 2 in the cost,respectively. In summary,Group 1 could effectively reduce the feed cost of broiler feeding and improve the breeding efficiency without affecting the growth and slaughter performance of broilers in Zambia.
The experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of different protein dietary on growth,slaughter performance and economic benefits of broilers in Zambia.The experiment was designed using a one factor complete randomized trial.Cobb500 broilers(21 day old) were selected and divided into three treatment groups with 3 replications and 200 broilers(half male and female) were selected in each replication.The three treatments were soybean meal group,group 1(soybean meal + DDGS + cottonseed meal) and group 2(soybean meal + DDGS + sunflower seed meal).The trial period lasted for 21 days.The results showed that:There was no significant difference in average daily feed intake(ADFI),average daily gain(ADG),feed to gain ratio(F/G) and body weight of the 42 day old broilers on group 1 and the soybean meal group(P>0.05);Average daily gain(ADG) and weight of 42 day-old of group 2 were significantly lower than those in group 1 and the soybean meal group(P< 0.05).The average daily feed intake(ADFI) and feed to gain ratio(F/G) of group 2 were significantly higher than those on group 1 and the soybean meal group(P< 0.05).There was no significant difference in the survival rate between the three treatments groups(P >0.05);Different protein dietary had no significant effect on broiler dressing percentage,all eviscerated rate,breast muscle rate and leg muscle rate(P>0.05);Group 1 was the lowest in the cost of feed to gain ratio(F/G) which was 10 US dollars/ton lower than the soybean meal group and 40 US dollars/ton lower than group 2 in the cost,respectively. In summary,Group 1 could effectively reduce the feed cost of broiler feeding and improve the breeding efficiency without affecting the growth and slaughter performance of broilers in Zambia.
引文
[1] 姜晔,陈瑞剑,祝自冬,等.赞比亚农业发展现状与中赞农业合作前景分析[J].世界农业,2016(6):53-58.
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[7] 汤江武,吴逸飞,孙宏,等.发酵棉粕对肉鸡生长性能、血清生化指标及免疫功能的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2011,47(5):29-34.
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[9] 王成,邵伟,余雄.高蛋白低纤维型葵仁粕对肉仔鸡饲粮消化代谢率的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2011,48(1):153-156.
[10] 但堂胜,马卫东.葵籽粕在家禽日粮中的应用[J].中国饲料,2002(20):24-26.
[11] 李建慧,苗志强,杨玉,等.不同饲养方式和饲养密度对肉鸡生长性能及肉品质的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(2):569-577.
[12] KAMRAN Z,SARWAR M NISA M,et al.Effect of low-protein diets having constant energy-to-protein ratio on performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens from one to thirty-five days of age [J].Poultry Sci,2008,87(3):468-474.
[13] 曹赞,高振华,陈广信,等.代谢能和粗蛋白质水平对科宝肉鸡生产性能、屠宰性能及血清生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(9):2 553-2 564.
[14] HORVATOVIC M P,GLAMOCIC D,ZIKIC D,et al.Performance and some intestinal functions of broilers fed diets with different inclusion levels of sunflower meal and supplemented or not with enzymes[J].Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Abfcola,2015,17(1)25-30.
[15] 周锦龙,罗华军,王慧,等.日粮中不同添加比例葵花粕对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响[J].湖南饲料,2019(1):30-35.
[2] 徐国彬,杜永,王辉芳,等.赞比亚主要农作物生产现状、问题及对策[J].世界农业,2010(12):66-70.
[3] 宋增廷,王华朗,王立志,等.我国家禽非常规饲料资源的开发与利用[J].动物营养学报,2015(1):1-7.
[4] 杨琼,孙满吉,宫福臣,等.不同蛋白质来源对肉鸡饲粮养分代谢率的影响[J].饲料博览,2013(1):5-7.
[5] 李丽娟,王安.不同蛋白质来源饲料对肉鸡生长性能和营养物质代谢率的影响[J].饲料博览,2009(12):5-8.
[6] 杨俊琦,杨英华.如何提高肉鸡日粮中杂粕的利用率[J].饲料广角,2014(21):16-17.
[7] 汤江武,吴逸飞,孙宏,等.发酵棉粕对肉鸡生长性能、血清生化指标及免疫功能的影响[J].中国畜牧杂志,2011,47(5):29-34.
[8] 舒畅 ,DHAWALE A.用花生粕和向日葵粕取代豆粕[J].国外畜牧学(猪与禽),2005(4):14-16.
[9] 王成,邵伟,余雄.高蛋白低纤维型葵仁粕对肉仔鸡饲粮消化代谢率的影响[J].新疆农业科学,2011,48(1):153-156.
[10] 但堂胜,马卫东.葵籽粕在家禽日粮中的应用[J].中国饲料,2002(20):24-26.
[11] 李建慧,苗志强,杨玉,等.不同饲养方式和饲养密度对肉鸡生长性能及肉品质的影响[J].动物营养学报,2015,27(2):569-577.
[12] KAMRAN Z,SARWAR M NISA M,et al.Effect of low-protein diets having constant energy-to-protein ratio on performance and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens from one to thirty-five days of age [J].Poultry Sci,2008,87(3):468-474.
[13] 曹赞,高振华,陈广信,等.代谢能和粗蛋白质水平对科宝肉鸡生产性能、屠宰性能及血清生化指标的影响[J].动物营养学报,2014,26(9):2 553-2 564.
[14] HORVATOVIC M P,GLAMOCIC D,ZIKIC D,et al.Performance and some intestinal functions of broilers fed diets with different inclusion levels of sunflower meal and supplemented or not with enzymes[J].Revista Brasileira de Ciencia Abfcola,2015,17(1)25-30.
[15] 周锦龙,罗华军,王慧,等.日粮中不同添加比例葵花粕对蛋鸡生产性能和蛋品质的影响[J].湖南饲料,2019(1):30-35.