细裂槭与其近缘种的比较形态学及分类学研究
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摘要
通过对细裂槭与其近缘种大叶细裂槭、疏毛槭的表型性状及叶片微形态进行比较研究,探讨细裂槭在植物分类学上的地位。结果表明:(1)不同产地细裂槭表型性状变异主要来源于居群内。(2)同一产地细裂槭与其近缘种的一些表型性状存在较大的差异。(3)反映叶片大小和翅果形状指标的平均变异系数相对较大,不能准确反映种间关系,故不支持《中国植物志》、Flora of China以及各类地方植物志中以叶片大小和双翅连接角度作为细裂槭、大叶细裂槭和疏毛槭的主要分类依据。(4)疏毛槭叶上表皮和下表皮均具表皮毛,且生活周期内不脱落,与《中国植物志》和Flora of China对疏毛槭的记载略有不同。依据许炳强提出的植物叶脉序演化关系,细裂槭与大叶细裂槭的叶脉序特征基本一致,而疏毛槭较细裂槭和大叶细裂槭原始,该研究结果支持Flora of China对细裂槭和大叶细裂槭的合并处理,并将细裂槭作为疏毛槭的变种处理。
The phenotypic characters and leaf micromorphology of Acer stenolobum and its related species,A.stenolobumvar.megalophyllumand A.pilosum,were studied in order to explore the position of A.stenolobumin plant taxonomy.The results showed that:(1)the variation of phenotypic traits of A.stenolobumfrom different habitats mainly came from within the population.(2)The phenotypic traits of A.stenolobumand its related species collected from the same origin are quite different.(3)The average coefficients of variation reflecting leaf size and shape of key fruit indicators were relatively large,and unable to accurately reflect interspecific relationships.Therefore,it does not support the main classification basis of"Flora of China",Flora of China and various local floras with leaf size and double-wing angle as the main classification basis for A.stenolobum,A.stenolobumvar.megalophyllumand A.pilosum.(4)The epidermis and the lower epidermis of the leaves of A.pilosumhave surface fur,and it does not fall off during the life cycle.It is slightly different from the records of"Flora of China"and Flora of Chinato the A.pilosum.According to the relationship between the plant leaf veins relationship by Xu Bingqiang,the characteristics of the leaf vein of A.stenolobum,and A.stenolobumvar.megalophyllumare basically the same,but the A.pilosumis more primitive than the A.stenolobum,and A.stenolobumvar.megalophyllum.Our research provided evidence for treat A.stenolobumas a variety of the A.pilosumin Flora of China.
The phenotypic characters and leaf micromorphology of Acer stenolobum and its related species,A.stenolobumvar.megalophyllumand A.pilosum,were studied in order to explore the position of A.stenolobumin plant taxonomy.The results showed that:(1)the variation of phenotypic traits of A.stenolobumfrom different habitats mainly came from within the population.(2)The phenotypic traits of A.stenolobumand its related species collected from the same origin are quite different.(3)The average coefficients of variation reflecting leaf size and shape of key fruit indicators were relatively large,and unable to accurately reflect interspecific relationships.Therefore,it does not support the main classification basis of"Flora of China",Flora of China and various local floras with leaf size and double-wing angle as the main classification basis for A.stenolobum,A.stenolobumvar.megalophyllumand A.pilosum.(4)The epidermis and the lower epidermis of the leaves of A.pilosumhave surface fur,and it does not fall off during the life cycle.It is slightly different from the records of"Flora of China"and Flora of Chinato the A.pilosum.According to the relationship between the plant leaf veins relationship by Xu Bingqiang,the characteristics of the leaf vein of A.stenolobum,and A.stenolobumvar.megalophyllumare basically the same,but the A.pilosumis more primitive than the A.stenolobum,and A.stenolobumvar.megalophyllum.Our research provided evidence for treat A.stenolobumas a variety of the A.pilosumin Flora of China.
引文
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[14]胡蓉,周春景.4种柑橘属植物叶脉序比较研究[J].内江师范学院学报,2011,26(2):34-37.HU R,ZHOU C J.Comparison of venation for four Citrus plants[J].Journal of Neijiang Normal University,2011,26(2):34-37.
[15]孙启高,宋书银,王宇飞,等.介绍双子叶植物叶结构分类术语[J].植物分类学报,1997,35(3):275-288.SUN Q G,SONG S Y,WANG Y F,et al.Introduction to terminology of classification of dicotyledonous leaf architecture[J].Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica,1997,35(3):275-288.
[16]李文英,顾万春.蒙古栎天然群体表型多样性研究[J].林业科学,2005,41(1):49-56.LI W Y,GU W C.Study on phenotypic diversity of natural population in Quercus mongolica[J].Scientia Silvae Siniace,2005,41(1):49-56.
[17]田欣,李德铢.槭树科植物广义形态学性状分支分析[J].植物分类与资源学报,2004,26(4):387-397.TIAN X,LI D Z.A cladistic analysis of the Aceraceae based on morphological data set[J].Acta Botanica Yunnanica,2004,26(4):387-397.
[18]孟超,郑昕,姬志峰,等.山西葛萝槭天然种群表型多样性研究[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(11):2 232-2 240.MENG C,ZHENG X,JI Z F,et al.Phenotypic diversity of natural populations of Acer grosseri in Shanxi[J].Acta Bot.Boreali-Occident.Sinica,2013,33(11):2 232-2 240.
[19]曹小勇.槭树科槭属植物形态学研究[J].汉中师范学院学报(自然科学),2000,18(2):69-72.CAO X Y.Study on the morphology of Acer Linn.[J].Joural of Hanzhong Teachers College(Natural Science),2000,18(2):69-72.
[20]吴裕,段安安.云南发现4翅果元宝槭[J].热带农业科技,2007,30(4):23-25.WU Y,DUAN A A.4-winged-fruit Acer truncatumin Yunnan Province[J].Tropical Agricultural Science&Technology,2007,30(4):23-25.
[21]KONG H Z.Comparative morphology of leaf epidermis in the Chloranthaceae[J].Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society,2001,136(3):279-294.
[22]杨旭,杨志玲,麦静,等.厚朴居群叶表皮毛的显微特征差异及分类意义[J].广西植物,2016,36(11):1 335-1 343.YANG X,YANG Z L,MAI J,et al.Comparison of characteristics of leaf trichomes in Houpoea officialis and their taxonomical significances[J].Guihaia,2016,36(11):1 335-1 343.
[23]罗旭,张大维.黑龙江山楂属植物叶表皮结构形态研究[J].哈尔滨师范大学自然科学学报,2011,27(4):84-88.LUO X,ZHANG D W.A study on the epidermis patterns structure of Crataegus leaves in Heilongjiang Province[J].Natural Sciences Journal of Harbin Normal University,2011,27(4):84-88.
[24]李浩敏,HICKEY L J.金缕梅科(广义)的叶结构及分类[J].植物分类学报,1988,26(2):96-110.LI H M,HICKEY L J.Leaf architecture and systematics of the Hamamelidaceae sensu lato[J].Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica,1988,26(2):96-110.
[25]许炳强,夏念和,王少平,等.中国木犀属植物叶脉形态及其分类学意义[J].广西植物,2007,27(5):697-705.XU B Q,XIA N H,WANG S P,et al.Leaf venation of Osmanthus(Oleaceae)form China and its taxonomic significance[J].Guihaia,2007,27(5):697-705.
[2]内蒙古自治区人民政府.内蒙古珍稀濒危保护植物名录[J].内蒙古林业,1989,8:11-12.The people's Government of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.Rare and endangered protection plants of Inner Mongolia[J].Journal of Inner Mongolia Forestry,1989,8:11-12.
[3]汪松,解焱.中国物种红色名录,第一卷:红色名录[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2004:106-107.
[4]REHDER A.Acer stenolobum Rehd.[M].Journ.Arn.Arb.1922,3:216.
[5]华北树木志编写组.华北树木志[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1984:455.
[6]牛春山.陕西树木志[M].北京:中国林业出版社,1990:747-749.
[7]马徳滋,刘惠兰,胡福秀.宁夏植物志[M].银川:宁夏人民出版社,2007,545.
[8]马毓泉.内蒙古植物志(第二版)第三卷[M].呼和浩特:内蒙古人民出版社,1989:471.
[9]方文培.中国槭树科的修订[J].植物分类学报,1966,11(2):139-189.FANG W P.Revisio Taxorum Aceracearum Sinicarum[J].Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica,1966,11(2):139-189.
[10]方文培.中国槭树科植物志预报[J].植物分类学报,1979,17(1):60-86.FANG W P.Praecursores florae Aceracearum sinensium[J].Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica,1979,17(1):60-86.
[11]赵一之.贺兰山西坡维管束植物志要[J].内蒙古大学学报(自然科学版),1987,18(2):279-310.ZHAO Y Z.Flora of west slope vascular plants in Helan shan[J].Acta Scientiarm Naturalium Universitatis Intramongolicae,1987,18(2):279-310.
[12]狄维忠,田连恕.贺兰山种子植物区系的特征[J].西北植物学报,1988,8(4):242-254.DI W Z,TIAN L S.The characteristics of Helan Mountain flora of spermatophytes[J].Acta Bot.Boreal-Occident.Sinica,1988,8(4):242-254.
[13]XU T Z,CHEN Y S,PIET C.et al.Flora of China.Vol.11[M].Beijing:Science Press,2008:538.
[14]胡蓉,周春景.4种柑橘属植物叶脉序比较研究[J].内江师范学院学报,2011,26(2):34-37.HU R,ZHOU C J.Comparison of venation for four Citrus plants[J].Journal of Neijiang Normal University,2011,26(2):34-37.
[15]孙启高,宋书银,王宇飞,等.介绍双子叶植物叶结构分类术语[J].植物分类学报,1997,35(3):275-288.SUN Q G,SONG S Y,WANG Y F,et al.Introduction to terminology of classification of dicotyledonous leaf architecture[J].Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica,1997,35(3):275-288.
[16]李文英,顾万春.蒙古栎天然群体表型多样性研究[J].林业科学,2005,41(1):49-56.LI W Y,GU W C.Study on phenotypic diversity of natural population in Quercus mongolica[J].Scientia Silvae Siniace,2005,41(1):49-56.
[17]田欣,李德铢.槭树科植物广义形态学性状分支分析[J].植物分类与资源学报,2004,26(4):387-397.TIAN X,LI D Z.A cladistic analysis of the Aceraceae based on morphological data set[J].Acta Botanica Yunnanica,2004,26(4):387-397.
[18]孟超,郑昕,姬志峰,等.山西葛萝槭天然种群表型多样性研究[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(11):2 232-2 240.MENG C,ZHENG X,JI Z F,et al.Phenotypic diversity of natural populations of Acer grosseri in Shanxi[J].Acta Bot.Boreali-Occident.Sinica,2013,33(11):2 232-2 240.
[19]曹小勇.槭树科槭属植物形态学研究[J].汉中师范学院学报(自然科学),2000,18(2):69-72.CAO X Y.Study on the morphology of Acer Linn.[J].Joural of Hanzhong Teachers College(Natural Science),2000,18(2):69-72.
[20]吴裕,段安安.云南发现4翅果元宝槭[J].热带农业科技,2007,30(4):23-25.WU Y,DUAN A A.4-winged-fruit Acer truncatumin Yunnan Province[J].Tropical Agricultural Science&Technology,2007,30(4):23-25.
[21]KONG H Z.Comparative morphology of leaf epidermis in the Chloranthaceae[J].Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society,2001,136(3):279-294.
[22]杨旭,杨志玲,麦静,等.厚朴居群叶表皮毛的显微特征差异及分类意义[J].广西植物,2016,36(11):1 335-1 343.YANG X,YANG Z L,MAI J,et al.Comparison of characteristics of leaf trichomes in Houpoea officialis and their taxonomical significances[J].Guihaia,2016,36(11):1 335-1 343.
[23]罗旭,张大维.黑龙江山楂属植物叶表皮结构形态研究[J].哈尔滨师范大学自然科学学报,2011,27(4):84-88.LUO X,ZHANG D W.A study on the epidermis patterns structure of Crataegus leaves in Heilongjiang Province[J].Natural Sciences Journal of Harbin Normal University,2011,27(4):84-88.
[24]李浩敏,HICKEY L J.金缕梅科(广义)的叶结构及分类[J].植物分类学报,1988,26(2):96-110.LI H M,HICKEY L J.Leaf architecture and systematics of the Hamamelidaceae sensu lato[J].Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica,1988,26(2):96-110.
[25]许炳强,夏念和,王少平,等.中国木犀属植物叶脉形态及其分类学意义[J].广西植物,2007,27(5):697-705.XU B Q,XIA N H,WANG S P,et al.Leaf venation of Osmanthus(Oleaceae)form China and its taxonomic significance[J].Guihaia,2007,27(5):697-705.