摘要
铝硅酸盐矿物中氧化硅和氧化铝的预先分离对从高硅含铝物料中提取氧化铝具有重要意义。本文作者研究高岭石与氧化铁在还原焙烧过程中的反应行为。热力学计算以及还原焙烧实验结果表明,由氧化铁还原得到的氧化亚铁优先与高岭石中的氧化铝反应而生成铝酸亚铁;与此同时,高岭石中的氧化硅转变为石英固溶体或者方石英固溶体。在有足量碳粉存在的条件下,过量的氧化亚铁和氧化硅反应生成的硅酸亚铁随着焙烧温度的升高进一步还原成氧化硅和金属铁。然而,升高焙烧温度及降低Fe_2O_3/Al_2O_3的摩尔比均能促进莫来石的形成。控制高岭土、赤铁矿和煤灰中Fe_2O_3/Al_2O_3/C摩尔比为1.2:2.0:1.2,在1373 K下还原焙烧60 min即可实现高岭石完全转变为独立的氧化硅和铝酸亚铁。研究结果有望为铝硅酸盐矿物中氧化铝和氧化硅的综合利用提供新技术。
The pre-separation of silica and alumina in aluminosilicates is of great significance for efficiently treating alumina-/silica-bearing minerals for alumina production. In this work, the reaction behavior of kaolinite with ferric oxide during reduction roasting was investigated. The results of thermodynamic analyses and reduction roasting experiments show that ferrous oxide obtained from ferric oxide reduction preferentially reacts with alumina in kaolinite to form hercynite, meanwhile the silica in kaolinite is transformed into quartz solid solution and/or cristobalite solid solution. With increasing roasting temperature, fayalite formed by reaction of surplus ferrous oxide with silica at low temperature is reduced to silica and metallic iron in the presence of sufficient carbon dosage. However, increasing roasting temperature and decreasing Fe_2O_3/Al_2O_3 molar ratio favor mullite formation. The complete conversion of kaolinte into free silica and hercynite can be obtained by roasting raw meal of kaolin, ferric oxide and coal powder with Fe_2O_3/Al_2O_3/C molar ratio of 1.2:2.0:1.2 at 1373 K for 60 min. This work may facilitate the development of a technique for comprehensively utilizing silica and alumina in aluminosilicates.
引文
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