以精准农业驱动农业现代化加速现代农业数字化转型
|
摘要
[目的]学习贯彻习近平总书记关于发展数字经济的重要论述,充分认识发展精准农业的重要性紧迫性,总结推广精准农业的成功经验和技术模式,加速我国现代农业数字化转型。[方法]文章认为精准农业是现代农业数字化转型的动力和载体,现代农业数字化转型为数字农业发展提供了关键生产要素和技术支撑。精准农业是利用现代空间信息技术,在现行农业生产方式的基础上实现农业生产精准作业的一种生产方式,通过梳理国内外精准农业发展的不同阶段,分析形成了1S、3S和5S等3个发展阶段的理论概括。[结果](1)精准农业从技术上保障了农作物生长需求与农业生产要素投入之间的及时、定位、平衡,构建了资源节约和环境友好型的生产方式,与传统的现代农业方式相比,节约了资源、降低了成本、减少了排放,是构建绿色农业生产体系和实现农业可持续发展的根本途径。(2)农业遥感等3S空间信息技术是农业数字化的重要手段,是获取农业数据这个关键生产要素的基本路径,是数字农业发展的必由之路。(3)精准农业是农业现代化的重要表现形式,是数字农业发展的实现路径,是数字经济发展的本质要求。[结论]我国发展精准农业的基本条件已经成熟,形成了空间基础设施、农业空间数据和大数据分析系统的有利条件,需要进一步加强数字经济和数字农业知识的宣传普及,提高数字农业发展必然性的规律性认识,加强精准农业示范应用,加快构建数字农业经济体系。
Under the call of General Secretary Xi Jinping on accelerating the construction of digital China and the development of digital economy,it is important and urgent to develop precision agriculture. Precision agriculture,as the basic stage of digital agriculture,has become the realization form of modern agriculture and become the fundamental means that promotes agricultural green development,which is driven by digital,networked and intelligent technologies,along with the demonstration of precision agriculture application practice at home and abroad. Precision agriculture is the driving force and carrier of the digital transformation of modern agriculture,which provides key production factors and technical support for the development of digital agriculture. This paper reviewed General Secretary Xi Jinping's important discussion on the development of digital economy,forming a point of view that precision agriculture is a kind of production mode that using modern spatial information technology to realize precision operation of agricultural production on the basis of current agricultural production mode,and systematically summarized the significance of developing precision agriculture,introduced the preliminary practice of precision agriculture at home and abroad. On this basis,the main stages of 1S,3S and 5S precision agriculture developmental models were analyzed,and the related issues of accelerating the development of precision agriculture were discussed.Then the major results are generated as follows. First,precision agriculture technically ensures the timely,positioning and balance between crop growth demand and input of agricultural production factors,and constructs a resource-saving and environment-friendly mode of production,and has been proven to save resources,reduce costs and emissions and achieve sustainable development,which compare with traditional modern agricultural methods. Second,3 S spatial information technology,such as agricultural remote sensing,is an important means of agricultural digitalization,and is the basic way to obtain agricultural data,which is the key factor of production,and is also the only way to develop digital agriculture. Finally,precision agriculture is an important manifestation o agricultural modernization,the realization path of digital agriculture development,and the essential requirement o digital economy development. The basic conditions for the development of precision agriculture in China have matured,forming favorable conditions for space infrastructure,agricultural spatial data and big data analysis systems.It is also necessary to further strengthen the publicity and popularization of digital economy and digital agriculture knowledge,improve the regular cognition of the inevitability of the development of precision agriculture. Strengthen the demonstration application of precision agriculture and accelerate the construction of a digital agricultural economic system.
Under the call of General Secretary Xi Jinping on accelerating the construction of digital China and the development of digital economy,it is important and urgent to develop precision agriculture. Precision agriculture,as the basic stage of digital agriculture,has become the realization form of modern agriculture and become the fundamental means that promotes agricultural green development,which is driven by digital,networked and intelligent technologies,along with the demonstration of precision agriculture application practice at home and abroad. Precision agriculture is the driving force and carrier of the digital transformation of modern agriculture,which provides key production factors and technical support for the development of digital agriculture. This paper reviewed General Secretary Xi Jinping's important discussion on the development of digital economy,forming a point of view that precision agriculture is a kind of production mode that using modern spatial information technology to realize precision operation of agricultural production on the basis of current agricultural production mode,and systematically summarized the significance of developing precision agriculture,introduced the preliminary practice of precision agriculture at home and abroad. On this basis,the main stages of 1S,3S and 5S precision agriculture developmental models were analyzed,and the related issues of accelerating the development of precision agriculture were discussed.Then the major results are generated as follows. First,precision agriculture technically ensures the timely,positioning and balance between crop growth demand and input of agricultural production factors,and constructs a resource-saving and environment-friendly mode of production,and has been proven to save resources,reduce costs and emissions and achieve sustainable development,which compare with traditional modern agricultural methods. Second,3 S spatial information technology,such as agricultural remote sensing,is an important means of agricultural digitalization,and is the basic way to obtain agricultural data,which is the key factor of production,and is also the only way to develop digital agriculture. Finally,precision agriculture is an important manifestation o agricultural modernization,the realization path of digital agriculture development,and the essential requirement o digital economy development. The basic conditions for the development of precision agriculture in China have matured,forming favorable conditions for space infrastructure,agricultural spatial data and big data analysis systems.It is also necessary to further strengthen the publicity and popularization of digital economy and digital agriculture knowledge,improve the regular cognition of the inevitability of the development of precision agriculture. Strengthen the demonstration application of precision agriculture and accelerate the construction of a digital agricultural economic system.
引文
[1]习近平.登高望远牢牢把握世界经济正确方向.二十国集团(G20)领导人峰会,2018-11-30.
[2]习近平.致首届数字中国高峰论坛贺信. 2018年数字中国高峰论坛,2018-04-22.
[3]习近平.致第五届世界互联网大会贺信.第五届世界互联网大会,2018-11-07.
[4]习近平.敏锐抓住信息化发展历史机遇,自主创新推进网络强国建设.在全国网络安全和信息化工作会议上的讲话,2018-04-20.
[5]刘海启.加快数字农业建设为农业农村现代化增添新动能.中国农业资源与区划,2017(12):1-6.
[6]韩长赋.智慧农业———粮食安全和食品安全的创新性解决方案.在中国—中东欧国家农业部长会议上的讲话,2018-05-25.
[7]习近平.审时度势精心谋划超前布局力争主动实施国家大数据战略加快建设数字中国.人民日报,2017-12-10(1).
[8]中共中央国务院.中共中央国务院关于实施乡村振兴战略的意见. 2018年中央一号文件,2018-02-04.
[9]中共中央国务院.全国农业现代化规划(2016-2020年.国发[2016]58号,2016-10-20.
[10]习近平.致世界导航大会贺信.联合国全球卫星导航系统国际委员会第十三届大会,2018-11-05.
[11]赵岩,陈学庚,温浩军.北斗卫星导航系统助力新疆兵团精准农业发展.农业工程技术,2018,(18):28-33.
[12]李德仁.论“互联网+”天基信息服务.遥感学报,2016,20(5):708-715.
[13]李德仁.展望大数据时代的地球空间信息学.测绘学报,2016,45(4):379-384.
[14]李克强. 2017年国务院政府工作报告.第十二届全国人民代表大会第五次会议,2017-03-05.
[15]李克强.关于强化实施创新驱动发展战略进一步推进大众创业万众创新深入发展的意见. 2017-07-27.
[16]刘海启,游炯,王飞,等.欧盟国家农业遥感应用及其启示.中国农业资源与区划,2018,39(8):280-287.
[17]中国互联网协会与中国互联网络信息中心.中国互联网发展报告2018. 2018-07-12.
[2]习近平.致首届数字中国高峰论坛贺信. 2018年数字中国高峰论坛,2018-04-22.
[3]习近平.致第五届世界互联网大会贺信.第五届世界互联网大会,2018-11-07.
[4]习近平.敏锐抓住信息化发展历史机遇,自主创新推进网络强国建设.在全国网络安全和信息化工作会议上的讲话,2018-04-20.
[5]刘海启.加快数字农业建设为农业农村现代化增添新动能.中国农业资源与区划,2017(12):1-6.
[6]韩长赋.智慧农业———粮食安全和食品安全的创新性解决方案.在中国—中东欧国家农业部长会议上的讲话,2018-05-25.
[7]习近平.审时度势精心谋划超前布局力争主动实施国家大数据战略加快建设数字中国.人民日报,2017-12-10(1).
[8]中共中央国务院.中共中央国务院关于实施乡村振兴战略的意见. 2018年中央一号文件,2018-02-04.
[9]中共中央国务院.全国农业现代化规划(2016-2020年.国发[2016]58号,2016-10-20.
[10]习近平.致世界导航大会贺信.联合国全球卫星导航系统国际委员会第十三届大会,2018-11-05.
[11]赵岩,陈学庚,温浩军.北斗卫星导航系统助力新疆兵团精准农业发展.农业工程技术,2018,(18):28-33.
[12]李德仁.论“互联网+”天基信息服务.遥感学报,2016,20(5):708-715.
[13]李德仁.展望大数据时代的地球空间信息学.测绘学报,2016,45(4):379-384.
[14]李克强. 2017年国务院政府工作报告.第十二届全国人民代表大会第五次会议,2017-03-05.
[15]李克强.关于强化实施创新驱动发展战略进一步推进大众创业万众创新深入发展的意见. 2017-07-27.
[16]刘海启,游炯,王飞,等.欧盟国家农业遥感应用及其启示.中国农业资源与区划,2018,39(8):280-287.
[17]中国互联网协会与中国互联网络信息中心.中国互联网发展报告2018. 2018-07-12.